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TRANSCRIPT
OF PROCEEDINGS BEFORE
THE
CANADIAN RADIO‑TELEVISION AND
TELECOMMUNICATIONS
COMMISSION
TRANSCRIPTION
DES AUDIENCES AVANT
CONSEIL
DE LA RADIODIFFUSION
ET
DES TÉLÉCOMMUNICATIONS CANADIENNES
SUBJECT:
REVIEW OF THE OVER-THE-AIR TV POLICY /
EXAMEN DE CERTAINS ASPECTS DU CADRE
RÉGLEMENTAIRE
DE LA TÉLÉVISION EN DIRECT
HELD AT: TENUE À:
Conference Centre Centre de conférences
Outaouais Room Salle Outaouais
Portage IV Portage IV
140 Promenade du Portage 140, promenade du Portage
Gatineau, Quebec Gatineau (Québec)
November 27, 2006 Le 27 novembre 2006
Transcripts
In order to meet the requirements of the
Official Languages
Act, transcripts of proceedings before the
Commission will be
bilingual as to their covers, the listing of
the CRTC members
and staff attending the public hearings, and
the Table of
Contents.
However, the aforementioned publication is the
recorded
verbatim transcript and, as such, is taped and
transcribed in
either of the official languages, depending on the
language
spoken by the participant at the public
hearing.
Transcription
Afin de rencontrer les exigences de la Loi sur
les langues
officielles, les procès‑verbaux pour le
Conseil seront
bilingues en ce qui a trait à la page
couverture, la liste des
membres et du personnel du CRTC participant à
l'audience
publique ainsi que la table des matières.
Toutefois, la publication susmentionnée est un
compte rendu
textuel des délibérations et, en tant que tel,
est enregistrée
et transcrite dans l'une ou l'autre des deux
langues
officielles, compte tenu de la langue utilisée
par le
participant à l'audience publique.
Canadian
Radio‑television and
Telecommunications
Commission
Conseil
de la radiodiffusion et des
télécommunications
canadiennes
Transcript
/ Transcription
REVIEW
OF THE OVER-THE-AIR TV POLICY /
EXAMEN
DE CERTAINS ASPECTS DU CADRE RÉGLEMENTAIRE
DE
LA TÉLÉVISION EN DIRECT
BEFORE / DEVANT:
Michel Arpin Chairperson
/ Président
Rita Cugini Commissioner
/ Conseillère
Richard French Commissioner
/ Conseiller
Elizabeth Duncan Commissioner / Conseillère
Ronald Williams Commissioner
/ Conseiller
ALSO PRESENT / AUSSI PRÉSENTS:
Chantal Boulet Secretary / Secrétaire
John Keogh Legal
Counsel /
Valérie Lagacé Conseillers
juridiques
Shelley Cruise
Peter Foster Hearing
Manager /
Gérant de l'audience
HELD AT: TENUE
À:
Conference Centre Centre de conférences
Outaouais Room Salle
Outaouais
Portage IV Portage
IV
140 Promenade du Portage 140, promenade du Portage
Gatineau, Quebec Gatineau (Québec)
November 27, 2006 Le 27 novembre 2006
TABLE
DES MATIÈRES / TABLE OF CONTENTS
PAGE
/ PARA
PHASE I
PRESENTATION BY / PRÉSENTATION PAR:
CBC/Radio-Canada 9 / 45
TQS 98
/ 514
CanWest MediaWorks Inc. 211 / 1088
CTV Inc. 335
/ 1723
Gatineau,
Quebec / Gatineau (Québec)
‑‑‑ Upon
commencing on Monday, November 27, 2006
at 0900 / L'audience débute le lundi
27 novembre 2006 à 0900
1 THE
CHAIRPERSON: Order, please.
À l'ordre, s'il vous plaît.
2 Well,
good morning, ladies and gentlemen and welcome to the public hearing.
3 My
name is Michel Arpin, I am the Vice Chair of Broadcasting for the CRTC. I will be presiding over this hearing.
4 Joining
with me on the panel are, to my right, my colleagues: Richard French, Vice
Chair of Telecommunications and Rita Cugini, Regional Commissioner for
Ontario. And to my left, Elizabeth
Duncan, Regional Commissioner for the Atlantic and Ron Williams, Regional
Commissioner for Alberta and the Northwest Territories.
5 The
Commission team assisting us, including hearing manager Peter Foster who is
also Manager of Conventional Television; John Keogh, Valérie Lagacé and Shelley
Cruise, legal counsel and Chantal Boulet, hearing secretary. Please speak with Mrs Boulet if you have any
questions with regard to hearing procedure.
6 During
this hearing, we will be discussing a number of issues as part of our review of
the regulatory framework for over‑the‑air television in Canada.
7 Le cadre réglementaire qui en
résultera devra contribuer au maintient de l'équilibre entre les objectifs
sociaux et culturels énoncés dans la Loi sur la radiodiffusion et les
conditions favorisant la rentabilité du secteur privé.
8 Puisque
les grands groupes de propriété de la télévision en direct devront
prochainement soumettre leurs demandes de renouvellement de licence, les
résultats de cet examen leur permettront de les préparer, en tenant compte des
enjeux qui leur sont communs largement motivés par des changements qui
surviennent dans leur industrie.
9 D'entrée
de jeu, je tiens à remercier tous ceux et celles qui nous ont fait part de
leurs observations. Votre participation
à cette instance est primordiale pour aider le Conseil à réviser son cadre
réglementaire sur la télévision en direct afin que nous soyons en mesure de
faire face aux nombreux défis actuels et futurs.
10 Since the Commission adopted its
policy framework for Canadian Television in 1999, there have been a number of
changes in the environment in which the over‑the‑air television
stations operate. In particular, this
industry is experiencing an unparalleled technological revolution.
11 Television
programming is now offered on different platforms. Canadians are quickly adopting high
definition television and the need to make the transition to digital technology
which promises to be costly is becoming more and more of a pressing issue.
12 The
economic factors governing the industry are also changing, just like the
production of programming and the expectations of citizens and television
consumers with regard to television products.
13 Moreover,
since 1999, there had been a large increase in the diversity of service offered
to Canadians. The number of Canadian
specialty pay paper view and video on demand services as a significant growth
and has the availability of foreign television services.
14 The
audience share of specialty and paid services has been increasing steadily in
recent years, reaching a level almost equal to that of conventional
television. The wide array of services
offered also reflects the country's growing cultural diversity.
15 D'autre part, pour contrer la
tendance à la baisse des dramatiques canadiennes télévisées qui se dessinaient,
le Conseil a adopté des mesures incitatives pour encourager leur production et
leur écoute.
16 Comme
indiqué par le Conseil, lorsque ces mesures furent annoncées, leur impact fera
l'objet d'un examen périodique. Dans
l'ensemble, l'Industrie canadienne de la télédiffusion en direct est demeurée
rentable particulièrement dans les grands centres.
17 On
observe, toutefois, une fragmentation de l'auditoire et une pression exercée
par les nouvelles technologies sur les messages publicitaires traditionnels qui
demeurent la principale source de revenus de la télévision en direct.
18 Face
à ces nombreux bouleversements, nous devons nous préparer à l'avenir. À cet égard, je souligne que les informations
fort utiles soumises par les intervenants en réponse au Décret du Gouverneur en
conseil émis conformément à l'Article 15 de la Loi sur la radiodiffusion font
partie du dossier public de cette instance.
19 Le
Conseil est donc d'avis que cette revue aidera à mieux définir les enjeux et
les moyens d'assurer le succès de l'Industrie de la télévision en direct, tout
en se mettant au diapason de l'évolution des besoins des téléspectateurs
canadiens.
20 The objectives of this proceeding,
therefore, are two and sure that over the year television licensees contribute
in the most effective manner possible to the production, acquisition and
broadcast of high quality Canadian programming that attracts increasing numbers
of viewers.
21 Provide
Canadian over‑the‑air television licensees with greater clarity
regarding regulations that affect certain costs and revenue so that they are in
position to propose maximum contribution to the production, acquisition and
broadcast of high quality Canadian programming.
22 Examine
options for the most effective means of delivering Canadian digital H.D.
television to Canadians.
23 Examine
the current and future economic status of small market television stations and
review overall approach to close captioning.
24 Finalement, nous notons que
certaines parties ont soulevé des enjeux qui débordent la portée de la présente
instance. Par exemple, nous avons reçu
des commentaires traitant de la vidéo description et des incitatifs pour les
dramatiques canadiennes.
25 Le
Conseil traitera de ces enjeux lors des audiences de renouvellement de licence.
26 Following this public hearing and
after listening to the statements made during the hearing, parties will have
the opportunity to file brief final written comments. These submissions must be no longer than ten
pages in a 12 point font or larger and must be filed no later than December
20th 2006.
27 Before
we begin the hearing, I will ask the hearing secretary, Mrs. Chantale Boulay,
to explain the procedures we will be following.
Ms Boulay.
28 LA SECRÉTAIRE: Merci, monsieur le président.
29 Nous
aimerions souligner quelques points d'ordre pratique qui contribueront au bon
déroulement de cette audience publique.
30 Firstly, the simultaneous
translation is available during the hearing.
Receivers are available from the technician at the back of the
room. The English translation is found
on channel 7 and the French on channel 8.
31 Veuillez noter que l'interprétation
gestuelle sera également disponible durant cette audience. Par contre, je demanderais à toute personne
qui désire avoir recours à ce service de m'en aviser afin d'en informer les
interprètes.
32 When you are in the hearing room, we
would ask you to please turn off your cell phones, beepers and blackberries as
they are unwelcome distraction and they cause interference on the internal
communication systems used by our translators.
We will appreciate your cooperation in this regard throughout the
hearing.
33 We
expect the hearing to take approximately one and a half week. Starting tomorrow, hearing will begin at 0830
a.m. and finish approximately at 1900 or 1930 p.m. We will take one hour for lunch and a break
in the morning and in the afternoon.
34 Given
the number of participants and the scope of the issues to be discussed, it may
be necessary to continue the hearing beyond this time in the evening. We will let you know of any schedule changes
that may occur.
35 Pendant toute la durée de l'audience
vous pourrez consulter les documents qui font partie du dossier public pour
cette audience dans la salle d'examen qui se trouve à la Salle Papineau située
à l'extérieur de la salle d'audience, à votre droite.
36 Tel
qu'indiqué dans l'ordre du jour, le numéro de téléphone de la salle d'examen
est le : 819‑953‑3168.
37 I would like to point, given the
number of participants in the room this morning, there are extra chairs in the
examination room for those who wish to sit.
You won't be able to see the hearing, but you will definitely be able to
hear the proceedings.
38 Une transcription des comparutions
quotidiennes sera affichée sur le site internet du Conseil peu après la fin de
l'audience. Les personnes qui désirent
acheter des transcriptions peuvent s'adresser au sténographe qui se trouve à la
table à ma droite, durant la pause ou directement auprès de la compagnie
Médiacopie.
39 For the record, an additional study
on satellite services has been added to the public file for these proceedings.
40 In
addition, Canwest Mediaworks Inc. has filed updated figures with respect to the
report they have submitted entitled "An analysis of the over‑the‑air
television market in Canada" and that information was filed in order to
account for the latest data from Statistic Canada.
41 These
documents have been posted on the Commission's web site and copies are
available in the examination room. If
parties wish to comment on the documents, they may do so in their final written
submissions.
42 Finally,
the Canadian Music Publishers Association has informed us ‑‑
has informed the Commission that they will not be appearing at this hearing.
43 We
will now proceed with the presentations in the order of appearance set out in
the agenda. Each participant will be
granted a specific time to make its presentation. Questions from the Commission will follow
each presentation.
44 J'inviterais maintenant le premier
participant, CBC/Radio‑Canada, à faire sa présentation. Monsieur Robert Rabinovitch comparaît pour le
participant. Il nous présentera ses
collègues, après quoi vous disposerez de 15 minutes pour votre
présentation. Monsieur Rabinovitch.
PRÉSENTATION / PRESENTATION
45 M.
RABINOVITCH: Monsieur le président,
messieurs et mesdames les conseillers, je me présente. Robert Rabinovitch, président et directeur
général de CBC/Radio‑Canada.
46 J'ai
à mes côtés aujourd'hui, Sylvain Lafrance, vice‑président principal des
services français et Richard Stursberg, vice‑président principal de CBC
Television ainsi que Ray Carnovale, vice‑président et chef de la
direction technologique et Michel Tremblay, vice‑président de la
stratégie et au développement commercial.
47 Nous
sommes très heureux d'être ici aujourd'hui pour présenter les commentaires de
CBC/Radio‑Canada dans le cadre de cette importante audience sur l'avenir
de la télévision conventionnelle. Nous
vous avons distribué des copies du document présentant nos commentaires ainsi
que de la documentation de références que j'ai utilisées au cours de mon
exposé.
48 I wish to state at the outset that
our September 27th filing and today's interventions focus solely on your
particular call for these hearings on convention television policy. We have not used this as an opportunity to
foray into other important issues.
49 Your
determinations in this proceeding are extremely important for the entire
Canadian Broadcasting System as conventional television continues to be the
cornerstone of that system.
50 At
CBC/Radio‑Canada, we are proud to be a part of this sector and to have
contributed to its historic success.
This success has been the product of both the public and private
elements of our industry working under the Broadcasting Act and your direction
for its common public policy objectives.
51 This
combination of public and private interests to promote common goals is
fundamental to our Canadian Broadcasting System and is enshrined in the
Broadcasting Act.
52 And
as I am sure you are well aware, in order to pursue these goals, each one of us
in this industry, whether we are public or private broadcasters, rely on a
business model that is driven by a significant financing from both government
and advertising sources.
53 So,
how do we measure this public private success story for the Canadian
conventional television industry? The
facts speak for themselves. Each week
throughout the year, 90 per cent of Canadian T.V. viewers tune into Canadian
conventional t.v. station.
54 Conventional
television is the face of local television, the home of original Canadian drama
and entertainment programming and the primary source of local news and public
affairs.
55 As
you have seen from our September 27th filing, conventional television
broadcasters, both public and private, are now responsible for the creation and
first window airing of nearly all of the most popular Canadian series and
specials shown in prime time.
56 And
let us not forget the crucial role of conventional broadcasting in providing
Canadians with international news and current affairs and a Canadian
perspective and interpretation of news and current affairs.
57 In
addition, we are the major force in the funding of all original Canadian
television programming. We provide 75
per cent of total financing to original Canadian drama and comedy programming. It is therefore not hype when we describe
conventional television as the cornerstone of a Canadian television
industry. It is a fact.
58 Given
the central role played by conventional television, it is critical of the
Commission's next t.v. policy creating framework that supports the ongoing
health of conventional television by recognizing the current challenges facing
this sector.
59 I
would like to focus on two that we consider the most fundamental : the
weakening business model for conventional television and the transitional to
digital television and the role of over‑the‑air broadcasting.
60 First,
our business model. It is well‑known
that conventional television is highly dependent on advertising to generate
revenues. This is to private
conventional broadcasters as well as CBC/Radio‑Canada.
61 Indeed,
over 50 per cent of CBC's television funding comes from commercial revenues and
the vast majority of this amount is derived from advertising. Similarly, over 40 per cent of Radio‑Canada's
television funding comes from commercial revenues and the vast majority comes
from advertising.
62 In
light of this business reality we, like our private conventional broadcasting
counterparts, are extremely concerned about any weakening in the advertising
revenue stream. The combination of
audience fragmentation and technological advances in how programming is
delivered and accessed has caused and is continuing to cause advertisers to
rethink their attitude towards advertising on conventional television. As a result, the advertising model that has
supported conventional television broadcasters for decades is weakening and
this, again, is a fact.
63 Numerous
parties in this proceeding have referred to the June 2006
PricewaterhouseCoopers' report that identifies television broadcasters as the
most challenged Canadian media industry in terms of future revenue growth over
the next five years. Equally alarming is
the fact that in the last two years PwC have cut their five‑year forecast
revenue growth for conventional television by 50 per cent.
64 PricewaterhouseCoopers
is not alone in holdings this view.
Scotia Capital predicts that Canadian conventional TV revenues will
decrease by 2 per cent next year.
Similarly, in the United States Kagan Research predicts that the
primetime upfront ad sales for conventional broadcasters will decline by 1 per
cent this year.
65 All
of these analysts as well as other analysts such as TD Newcrest and the Yankee
Group identify fragmentation and the effect of new technologies and new
platforms as the causes of this challenging environment for conventional
television. Unfortunately, as revenues
will be weakening, conventional broadcasters' programming costs will continue
to rise as they have historically as we meet our programming and operational
commitments. This combination of these
two factors, stalling revenues and rising costs, suggests a dim future for
conventional broadcasters.
66 We
have put this data together for you at page 1 of your reference material. This chart, which relies on
PricewaterhouseCoopers' five‑year revenue data that no party has disputed
and which in fact numerous BDUs have cited in their own submissions,
demonstrates that the combination of weakening advertising revenues as forecast
by PwC and the historical growth in costs will have conventional broadcasters
incurring significant losses before the Commission conducts its next TV policy
review.
67 I
should point out that this chart simply reflects historical cost trends. Essentially, the weakening advertising market
will make it impossible for conventional television broadcasters to advance the
Commission's goals with respect to original Canadian programming, including
local programming, HD programming, drama, etc.
The future does not look promising if conventional broadcasters continue
to rely on advertising revenues as the major source of funding.
68 What
is to be done to remedy this situation?
First, it is important to understand that we are not suggesting the
Commission establish specific financial remedies in this proceeding. There is simply insufficient data to permit a
specific and complete solution to be established at this time. What is needed right now, however, is a clear
policy statement from the Commission that conventional television broadcasters
are eligible to access subscriber revenues generated by BDUs. Given the record of this proceeding, there is
simply no good reason not to do so.
69 This
policy statement would effectively put conventional broadcasters on the same
broad economic footing as specialty broadcasters that have access to both
advertising and subscriber revenues.
70 A
statement of eligibility would not, however, guarantee conventional
broadcasters a share of subscriber revenues.
The purpose of such a statement would be to provide the Commission and
conventional broadcasters with the future tools, as required, to enable
conventional broadcasters to continue to lead the Canadian broadcasting system
and meet the Commission's policy objectives.
71 Whether
such tools would be required would be determined by the Commission at the
broadcasters' licence renewal proceeding taking into account such factors as
the broadcasters' regulatory commitments and its proposals to pursue new
initiatives that will continue to advance the objectives of the broadcasting
system. We believe that this approach
would be both pragmatic and fair. It would permit a case by case examination of
each broadcasters' situation and would not require a one‑size‑fits‑all
approach.
72 It
would also address the current situation that has BDU subscribers paying for
access to conventional broadcaster signals without the associated subscriber
revenue being shared with these broadcasters.
73 If
you turn to page 2 of your reference material, you will see the results of a
survey CBC Radio‑ Canada recently commissioned and which has been tabled
with you today. These results show
nearly 90 per cent of Canadians believe they are paying for conventional
broadcasting services when they pay their cable or satellite bills. Canadian BDU subscribers see clear value in
the conventional broadcasters' television signals that they receive from their
cable and satellite distributors despite the free over‑the‑air
availability of these services. I
suspect that they would be surprised to learn that not a penny of their cable
and satellite bills is passed onto the broadcasters who created and provide
these signals.
74 We
believe it is entirely appropriate for the Commission to include in its revised
television policy a policy statement indicating that conventional television broadcasters
are eligible for a share of BDU subscriber revenues, revenues generated by the
programming supplied by conventional broadcasters. Again, given the record of this proceeding,
there is simply no valid reason not to do so.
75 Let
me now turn to the second issue I mentioned at the beginning of our
presentation, the transition to digital HD and the role of over‑the‑air
broadcasting. As we all know, the
communications world is now a digital world and conventional broadcasters must
keep pace. Recognizing this fact and for
efficient spectrum management reasons, we have recommended that the Commission
and Industry Canada help encourage this transition by establishing a target
date for conversion of analogue television services to HD.
76 The
issue is not therefore whether Canadian conventional television should
transition to digital, the issue is how best to do this, how is it to be funded
and how quickly are we able to move to digital?
77 In
the early 1970s the government asked CBC/Radio‑Canada to embark on an
accelerated coverage plan designed to ensure that all communities with a
population of 500 or more would have access to our over‑the‑air
television signals. As a result,
CBC/Radio‑Canada over‑the‑air infrastructure was expanded
significantly using money specially allocated by government to CBC/Radio‑Canada
for this purpose. At that time, over‑the‑air
reception was a significant and important vehicle for distributing television
broadcast signals to Canadians with the vast majority of Canadian households
receiving their TV programming in this manner.
78 However,
if you turn to page 3 of your reference material, you will see a dramatic
decline in over‑the‑air reception that has occurred from 1972 to
last year. As you can see, over‑the‑air
delivery has dropped from over 60 per cent penetration to just over 10 per cent
in the space of approximately 30 years.
Meanwhile, CBC/Radio‑Canada's analogue television transmitters are
coming to the end of their useful life and limited funds are available for
their replacement. In fact, no funding
has been provided to CBC/Radio‑Canada to replace these transmitters. Based on the current reception levels, we
believe it would be fiscally irresponsible for us to try to replace our entire
analogue transmitter infrastructure with a digital one.
79 However,
we also need to bear in mind that while Canadian over‑the‑air
reception levels have come down dramatically, in a number of places across the
country many people still rely on over‑the‑air technology to
receive their television programming.
Surprisingly, because satellite delivery of television has become very
popular in rural areas, most of these over‑the‑air viewers reside
in urban centres.
80 To
address this overall decline in over‑the‑air reception levels while
recognizing off‑air's continued importance in many Canadian markets, we
have developed a hybrid approach that would see 44 digital over‑the‑air
transmitters installed in major markets with other areas served by another
distribution technology, namely satellite or in some instances cable or
eventually perhaps IPTV.
81 If
you turn to page 4 of your reference material you will see a chart illustrating
CBC/Radio‑Canada's current over‑the‑air coverage and the
coverage that would be achieved under our hybrid approach. From our perspective, the hybrid model is not
a difficult choice, in fact, it may be the only option for CBC/Radio‑Canada
for the transition to the digital HD environment.
82 Determining
the speed of this transition is a financial question and brings us back to
conventional broadcasters' weakening business model. While we will continue to devote resources to
the digital HD challenge, our industry simply does not have the financial
wherewithal to undertake this transition in a timely and effective manner in
support of Canadian programming. For its
part, CBC/Radio‑Canada estimates that with PricewaterhouseCoopers'
advertising revenue projections it will take us another 12 years to achieve
full digital HD conversion of our English and French television services. Access to supplementary funding, particularly
subscriber revenues, is therefore crucial.
83 Encore
une fois, notre proposition vise à rendre les télédiffuseurs conventionnels
admissibles aux revenus d'abonnement ‑‑ sans toutefois en
faire une garantie ‑‑ afin de contrebalancer le modèle
économique actuel, fondé sur la publicité et de plus en plus affaibli. Ce nouveau modèle donnerait aux
télédiffuseurs conventionnels les ressources financières nécessaires pour
assurer la transition au nouvel environnement numérique multiplateformé, qui
pourrait offrir des contenus de qualité au niveau local, en haute définition ou
en dramatiques, selon les décisions du Conseil.
84 We
are proposing an approach that would allow conventional broadcasters to operate
on the same financial footing as specialty services. We believe it is crucial, it is critical that
the Commission take action now in order to provide an environment over the next
several years in which conventional broadcasters can continue to make a
substantial contribution to the Canadian broadcasting system.
85 Thank
you for the opportunity to present these comments. We would be very happy now to take your
questions.
86 THE
CHAIRPERSON: Thank you, Mr. Rabinovitch.
87 I
am asking Commissioner Rita Cugini to initiate the questioning.
88 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: Thank you, Mr. Chairman.
89 Mr.
Rabinovitch and gentlemen, good morning and welcome to these proceedings.
90 Mr.
Rabinovitch, I will address my questions to you and then you can decide if you
are going to answer them or if anybody else on your panel will answer them.
91 I
am going to start my line of questioning with fee for carriage for conventional
broadcasters. In your written submission
you suggested that fee for carriage should be assessed at the time of licence
renewal and today you ask us to make a policy statement that conventional
broadcasters are indeed eligible. But I
do want to run through what that policy statement should include because, in
your written submission, you say that it may be in relation to the net costs of
attaining specific and discreet public policy objectives.
92 So
I just want to explore further what, in your opinion, are those discreet public
policy objectives?
93 MR.
RABINOVITCH: Thank you for the question.
94 I
believe that this already determined to a certain extent in your call where you
talk about the need to move into HD in an accelerated fashion, the need to
enhance drama production, local and regional programming. I think it will vary from, and it should
vary, from licensee to licensee and that would be as a function of the
discussions we would have with you at the hearing.
95 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: Do you think such a policy statement should include an expectation that
minimal commitments would be expected in the areas, for example, of original HD
programming and/or a minimum number of local hours or original Canadian
programming with specific genres? You
did mention drama, but should we also include the other priority programming
categories?
96 MR.
RABINOVITCH: The answer is yes. I
believe that it would vary from licence applicant to licence applicant and it
should be in addition to the services we already provide and it should have
measurable specific targets per undertaking.
97 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: Since we are talking about assessing all of this at renewal time, is it
your position that these commitments should be incremental to what the
broadcaster is doing at the time of renewal?
98 MR.
RABINOVITCH: Yes, madam.
99 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: If a fee for carriage is granted, would it be reasonable to impose a
spending requirement as well, an overall spending requirement on Canadian
programming?
100 MR.
RABINOVITCH: I believe an overall
spending requirement is something that would have to be discussed again at a
hearing ‑‑ and I can only answer on behalf of CBC ‑‑
where in effect all of the money we generate beyond the need to service the
corporation is spent on programming.
101 All
of our intention is to enhance the money we put into programming. So we would have no concern with that
102 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: Does that mean that if fee for
carriage is granted you would not use the incremental revenue to fund HD
transition?
103 MR.
RABINOVITCH: That would be a decision to
be made between you, the Commissioners, and ourselves in terms of conditions of
licence. If in fact you desired and we
desired to use part of that funding to enhance and speed up the process of
moving to HD, then that would be a condition of license with particular
measurable objectives against the fee for carriage.
104 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: Would you ask us to apply that
to all over‑the‑air broadcasters or just to the CBC?
105 MR.
RABINOVITCH: I would suggest that it
would be applied to each broadcaster as a function of their own license
renewal. Different broadcasters may wish
to stress different things and have different objectives. That's why we believe the opportune place for
this is in a license renewal hearing.
106 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: What would your reaction be if
we were to exclude expenditures on foreign programming in this assessment?
107 As
you know, there have been suggestions from other participants in these
proceedings that warn us really that any additional revenues earned through a
fee for carriage will simply drive up the cost of foreign programming, creating
nothing more than a bidding war among Canadian broadcasters.
108 MR.
RABINOVITCH: We can agree with
that. We would have no problem with
that.
109 When
we purchase foreign programming, it is either because it fits our concept the
best in the world where it is not really a bidding issue, because most of the
stuff will not be shown on other Canadian channels, or Canadian conventional
channels, and when we do bring in foreign programs such as movies it is to
enhance the money we have to put back into programming, Canadian programming.
110 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: Does profitability have a place
in the overall assessment of the level of wholesale fees to be established?
111 MR.
RABINOVITCH: Again I can only talk for
CBC. In our case the answer is no.
112 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: Categorically?
113 MR.
RABINOVITCH: Categorically.
114 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: All right.
115 Rogers
has suggested that it would not be reasonable for BDUs to contribute to
Canadian program production, both through their existing CTF obligations and
through a new fee for carriage.
116 Would
you comment on this position?
117 MR.
RABINOVITCH: Yes. Our feeling is that the contribution made by
cable operators is a contribution made to all broadcasters, not just
conventional broadcasters, others are eligible as well.
118 Perhaps,
Richard, you want to say a couple of words on that.
119 So
we see them as two different demands that are to be made on the system.
120 MR.
STURSBERG: I would just say that as far
as the cable companies are concerned, I think the evidence that was tabled
earlier on today is very interesting, because what it clearly indicates is that
Canadians believe that they are already in fact paying for conventional
television through their cable bills.
121 The
other thing is, as Bob says, I think you have to distinguish quite clearly the
Canadian Television Fund is there to finance programs in particular areas and
to buy down the costs essentially for the independent producers.
122 What
we are saying in this case is something quite different, which is that these
revenues would come back to the conventional broadcasters to be able to do the
sorts of incremental things that the President was talking about.
123 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: If fee for carriage is indeed
granted, could the CBC increase license fees such that the CBC's CTF envelope
could be greatly reduced or perhaps even eliminated?
124 MR.
RABINOVITCH: The answer is no.
‑‑‑ Laughter /
Rires
125 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: They told me never to ask a
question if you don't know what the answer is.
‑‑‑ Laughter /
Rires
126 MR.
STURSBERG: I might just add that were we
to do that then we would not hit the incrementality test, because say, for
example, we said: Let's make an
undertaking with the Commission with respect to doing more by way of
drama. If, in making that undertaking,
we vacated the CTF, the net effect would be to reduce the total quantity of
drama we are producing rather than to achieve the goal of increasing the total
amount of drama.
127 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: What is your position on the 12‑minute
per hour limit on advertising?
128 MR.
RABINOVITCH: We believe that it should
remain at 12 minutes for everybody. We
believe that what we are talking about here is a pie which is not growing, in
fact is shrinking, and if we were to change the limits all we would do is
reallocate the funding, and as well ‑‑ sorry, the access to
that pie, and in particular you will enrich the use of American programming
since that is the programming that draws the largest audience and hence would
be in greatest demand by advertisers.
129 Hence,
increasing the number of minutes would be counterproductive to the CBC.
130 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: Your position on product
placement. Is there a place for it in
the programming on CBC?
131 MR.
RABINOVITCH: Yes, there is a place for
it, together with ourselves and the independent producers that work with us,
but there has to be ‑‑ in our opinion, and we do have strict
editorial limits to make sure that product placement does not have an impact on
the editorial programming.
132 Do
you want to go on?
133 MR.
STURSBERG: Can I just take one moment to
expand on the point the President made earlier about the 14 minutes.
134 Not
all eyeballs are of equal value. The
ones that are of most value to advertisers, that claim the greatest premium,
are eyeballs on the largest and most successful American shows, whether that is
CSI or Lost or whatever it happens to be.
They command a premium in terms of their value.
135 So
that if you were ‑‑ and it is one of the things we were a
little bit concerned about when the ad incentive was put in place in the first
instance ‑‑ if you allow an increase in the total number of
minutes in the American programs, given that the pie is fixed and that's where
all the advertisers want to go, then what may well happen is that you will draw
money out of Canadian programs and you will devalue them as a result, which is
of course precisely what it is we would like not to accomplish.
136 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: You said it at
paragraph 132 of your submission and you repeated it today, that given
their key place in the broadcasting system, conventional television, and it
being a cornerstone, you added that:
"No change in the other
carriage conditions for conventional television stations need be made if fee
for carriage is granted. Conventional
television would continue to be on the highest possible carriage priority
mandatory on basic. There are of course
those who disagree and have suggested that we should also consider eliminating
simultaneous substitution and other such provisions." (As read)
137 Could
you provide your views on the prospect of the Commission reducing or
eliminating certain regulatory requirements currently placed on distributors in
the event that a fee for carriage regime was introduced and what effect would
that have on the CBC?
138 MR.
STURSBERG: I take it, Commissioner, you
are referring essentially to the question of whether it should be mandatory on
basic.
139 Our
view would be that all of the current arrangements with respect to conventional
carriage should be retained whether we receive a fee or not, but that in
receiving the fee what would happen is that we would simply carry on the way we
are carrying on now. We would stay on
basic, the privates would continue to enjoy the value associated with
simultaneous substitution and everything else, so we would not see any changes
in status, or any changes in the way in which we are carried.
140 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: But you do know that the
distributors in particular who have commented in these proceedings have said
that if a fee for carriage is granted, then conventional television
becomes nothing more than discretionary, or should be discretionary, just as
specialty television is right now.
141 MR.
RABINOVITCH: I think we have shown quite
specifically in our submission and in my oral comments, that in fact conventional
television is not comparable in many, many ways. It is the driving source, it is the primary
funding source of Canadian drama and Canadian programming and we want to
maintain that, we want to continue to have that situation.
142 MR.
STURSBERG: But I would add that I
think that the mere fact of giving the conventional broadcasters a fee, as Bob
says, does not change their status.
143 It
is completely up to the Commission to decide what status the conventional
broadcasters will continue to enjoy in the future. It is really not up to the cable companies.
144 MR.
TREMBLAY: In fact, if I may add, what we
are proposing is to add an additional policy instrument that the Commission can
use to further the objective of the Act.
Because we know right now there are considerable challenges to be faced
across the industry, and obviously making a gain on that front in exchange for
no trade‑off in reducing the effectiveness of conventional broadcasters
would not generate any positive results.
145 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: Thank you.
146 We
do know, or we suspect, that the cost of cable and DTH to Canadians is going to
increase. Let's assume that is what is
going to happen, that these will be pass‑through fees. Currently the price paid monthly for basic
service between DTH and cable ranges from $20 to $30 a month, depending on the
provider.
147 Do
you have any evidence that Canadians are willing to pay more for services that
they are currently receiving?
148 I
know you cited your survey that says that 89 percent of Canadians think
that they are already paying for conventional television, however it is one
fact to think you are paying for something and then find out that you are not
and be charged for what you thought you were already paying for.
149 So
how do we reconcile this?
150 MR.
RABINOVITCH: First, I would contest
the assumption that the fee must be passed through.
151 What
we are asking for as conventional broadcasters is a fair share of the basic fee
that is now being collected and has been going up significantly every year by
at least 4 to 5 percent. We believe
that there is a more equitable sharing available that need not have a negative
impact upon the consumer.
152 This
is a decision the cable companies will make.
Since you have deregulated pricing, it is the cable companies which may
decide to pass the costs on to the consumer.
But we contest the necessity of doing that.
153 MR.
STURSBERG: I might just add a couple of
things.
154 On
the issue of affordability with respect to basic cable service, I take it this
is not a matter of particular concern to a number of cable companies, certainly
the third and fourth largest cable companies, which are Vidéotron and Cogeco,
support the notion that there should be a fee for conventional broadcasters,
despite the fact that their broadcasting businesses are smaller in revenue
terms than their cable businesses.
155 I
would say two other things that I think are important.
156 One
is that we had a little look at the CRTC's own data and over the past five
years basic cable rates have risen about 25 percent, but through that
period of time there has not been an erosion in terms of basic cable and indeed
penetration has continued to grow.
157 Finally,
I would say one other thing, which is there was a lot of concern in the past, I
know, about the black market and so on and so forth in terms of satellite
reception. But despite rising costs for
basic service, the black market seems actually to have declined.
158 So
I don't think, frankly, that the Commission need be particularly concerned
about the affordability issues surrounding this given what we have seen in the
last little while.
159 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: In that time frame, however, is
it not true that additional services were added to the basic tier, things like
TVA and APTN, which would have increased the cost of basic to the distributors
and therefore to the subscribers.
160 So
there is a direct correlation between the increase in price of basic to the
increase in the number of services offered on the basic band.
161 MR.
STURSBERG: Certainly. I absolutely grant that.
162 My
only point was that despite the increasing price we have not seen a fall
off in subscription.
163 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: It was reported in the press on
Friday that Rogers has been quoted with a study that said, I believe,
20 percent of Canadians would cancel, if I have my figures right. One was 20, one was 37 percent of
Canadians would cancel their cable if the costs were to increase.
164 MR.
STURSBERG: I don't propose to comment on
the Rogers study since I'm not an expert in the area. I presume it will get examined in some detail
here.
165 But
again, I would just simply note that despite the rising costs of cable and
satellite services over the course ‑‑ not just the last five
years, but a fact of many years ‑‑ the level of penetration
has increased very substantially.
166 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: What, in your opinion, is the
public relations campaign that both the CRTC and the CBC will have to launch in
order to justify to Canadians that they will now be charged a monthly fee, or
that a portion of their cable bill will go to the CBC, in addition to their tax
dollars?
167 MR.
RABINOVITCH: Well, in addition to their
tax dollars.
168 I
would suggest to you that there isn't a conventional broadcaster producing
Canadian programming that doesn't get benefits at least equal to or comparable
to the benefits we get directly from the taxpayer in terms of our appropriation,
whether it is simultaneous substitution, whether it is Bill C‑58 or
what is now called section 19.1 of the Income Tax Act, whether it is tax
credits, we all get support and the industry needs the support at a minimum
given the size of our market.
169 So
it is not a question of the CBC getting extra money, dipping twice, it is all
of us would be dipping but we are dipping because we need the funds if we are
going to achieve the objectives of the Broadcasting Act to enhance and produce
more Canadian content and also to achieve other objectives that you have such
as moving to HD.
170 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: And would you see any of the
funding being directed to social policy objectives, for example, increasing
programming that is described video and/or increasing the quality of closed
captioning?
171 MR.
RABINOVITCH: I think this is a function,
again, of the licence hearing because I think each broadcaster achieves these
objectives in different ways and to a different extent. We are quite confident and comfortable that
within our existing operation we are achieving the objectives as set out by
you, including closed captioning, but I think it is a matter really for
discussion.
172 That
is the beauty of what I think we are proposing, is that it should be tailored
to each broadcasting undertaking. It
should not be an automatic fee. It is
not a grab for money. It is funds for
the purpose of enhancing and meeting the conditions that you would like us to meet.
173 MR.
LAFRANCE: To me ‑‑ if I
can speak French. Votre question sur la
question des relations publiques qu'on devrait faire, je pense que les
francophones du pays, en tout cas, qui suivent actuellement l'industrie de la
télévision, ou tout le monde, en fait.
174 Il
n'y a pas une semaine dans les médias québécois où on ne parle pas des
problèmes du financement de l'industrie de la télévision pour plusieurs
raisons, à cause de la fragmentation.
L'enjeu, par exemple, des dramatiques canadiennes, ou ce qu'on a appelé
au Québec les séries lourdes, est un enjeu qui est bien connu de tous les
téléspectateurs parce que c'est un enjeu dont il est largement question.
175 Donc,
je pense que personne ignore actuellement le problème de fond de l'industrie de
la télé et le danger que cette industrie là recule sur certains grands aspects
rassembleurs que sont les dramatiques canadiennes ou d'autres choses.
176 Donc,
je pense que tout le monde s'attend un peu à ce qu'il se passe quelque chose
dans l'industrie de la télévision qui vienne corriger ces problèmes‑là. Il y aura peut‑être des surprises pour
personne.
177 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: Thank you.
178 Now
in terms of digital distribution, your hybrid solution ‑‑ we
will get into details about that later, in fact, Chairman Arpin will be asking
you more specific questions on that issue ‑‑ the net effect is
that there will be some Canadians who currently rely on off‑air viewing
who will have to subscribe to a distribution service if they are to continue to
enjoy the CBC. What do you tell those
Canadians because they will have an additional cost?
179 MR.
RABINOVITCH: Again, the reality from our
point of view is that we do not have the funds, nor do we think it is
necessarily the appropriate public policy to go back to the model that was put
in in the seventies of having transmitters in all communities of 500 or more.
180 Also,
the observed behaviour of Canadians in areas outside urban agglomerations is
that they have already moved to BDU delivery to a very, very large extent.
181 So
with our hybrid model, we are trying to recognize the fact that in urban areas
there is a significant proportion still who do not have or do not want to go to
a BDU, who don't want more than the signals that they can get off air and we
wish to serve them through a digital platform which is also obviously an HD
platform.
182 But
yet, we realize that financial we cannot afford to go beyond that even with the
type of assistance we would hope to get from you in a subscriber fee. Again, it is possible that government might
say differently, that everybody must get coverage over the air but there is no
evidence to that effect at the present time.
183 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: In the United States there will
be a voucher program to subsidize those remaining households who cannot receive
over‑the‑air digital broadcasts.
Do you think that a comparable program for Canadian households should
exist if the analog transmitters are indeed shut down?
184 MR.
RABINOVITCH: If I may, it is ‑‑
if I understand the voucher program, it is to make it possible for Americans
with their existing TV to receive a digital signal which is then converted to
analog. So you are not imposing on a
consumer the need to buy a new TV.
185 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: Right.
186 MR.
RABINOVITCH: We will give you a voucher
to allow you to do this and the logic of it, as I understand it, is the
government is repatriating all of those analog signals which it will then put
to auction, will generate a very significant amount of money, and a relatively
small amount of money will then be available for these tax benefits. I think it is going to be done as a tax
credit.
187 This
is, again, a matter of public policy, of government policy, and to the extent
the government wishes to have an earlier rather than later conversion date then
it would be eminently logical, if the government so desires, to assist the
individual consumer in receiving the signal by some program because after all
the government will be repatriating those analog signals.
188 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: So the answer to the next question
of funding and where that would come from, in your opinion, is from the
government?
189 MR.
RABINOVITCH: I believe if the government
desires to do that it has to come from the government as the government has
done in the past when they gave us the ACP.
Now it is a different process. It
is a process of moving, for very good managerial reasons, moving to a digital
system but in the process it opens up a tremendous amount of spectrum which the
government can then auction off. So
there is a funding source as well.
190 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: Thank you.
191 New
entrants. How do you suggest we license
new entrants in the world of over‑the‑air broadcasters? Should we require them to build analog
transmitters or should we require them to automatically build digital
transmitters and is there a difference between a major market new entrant and a
smaller market new entrant, in your opinion?
192 MR.
RABINOVITCH: That is a very interesting
question I had not thought about but I know ‑‑ any of us had
thought about in terms of new entrants.
Here we are talking about a system which we believe is shrinking rather
than growing but if a new entrant comes in, my advice would be that they go
digital.
193 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: Any difference between a small
market or a large market?
194 MR.
RABINOVITCH: I think it is the same.
195 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: Okay.
196 MR.
RABINOVITCH: Eventually I think they are
going to have the same problems and ‑‑ the same problems in
respect of availability.
197 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: Thank you.
198 You
have suggested that the Commission establish August 31st, 2001 (sic) as the
mandated shutoff date ‑‑
199 MR.
RABINOVITCH: Two thousand and eleven.
200 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: Two thousand and eleven. What did I say?
201 MR.
RABINOVITCH: Two thousand and one.
202 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: Thank you.
‑‑‑ Laughter / Rires
203 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: And this would be just over two
years past the mandated shutdown date of analog television in the U.S. Some parties have left the precise date open
for further discussion. What, in your
opinion, are the factors we need to consider in order to establish this issue?
204 MR.
RABINOVITCH: I think what you have to
consider will be the disruptive effect of how the analog and digital
environment will be managed between the two countries. Remember, we share a border and we share an
overlay from one country to the other of hertzian waves and it will be quite
messy, in our opinion, our technical opinion, if we are still on analog for any
significant period of time while the United States have moved and are beginning
to license services which may interfere with out analog signals. So from a technical point of view we have a
concern with that.
205 I
think you also have to watch very carefully the extent to which there are
programs to assist financially and otherwise the move from analog to
digital. Even in the United States the
original cutoff date was 2006 and ultimately it moved to 2009. We believe that it is a good target date,
2011, two years after the Americans.
206 I
think it makes eminent sense but if you in your deliberations or Industry
Canada in its deliberations decided that the movement wasn't fast enough
because the funds weren't available or for other reasons, it may slip. We say it is a target. We don't say it is absolute.
207 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: You did bring up the issue of
border towns. As you know, some have
suggested that while we should shut them down in border cities that there is
really no need to ever shut down the analog transmitters in rural Canada. Would you care to comment on that?
208 MR.
RABINOVITCH: Yes. The problem with that is the cost of
transmission. We would therefore have to
duplicate our transmission system and have a transmission system for analog and
a transmission system for digital.
209 Ray,
perhaps you want to say something about that but I think that adds
significantly to our costs. We are
trying to reduce costs so that we can put more money into programming.
210 MR.
CARNOVALE: And a lot of the transmitters
that we have in service, as Mr. Rabinovitch indicated, went into service during
the ACP. So they have a finite life and
at some point they will be impossible to stretch any longer.
211 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: Do you think it is necessary for
the industry to submit their plans to us for re‑review or should we
continue with the market‑driven approach and establish the firm shutoff
date whichever way is most convenient for each party?
212 MR.
RABINOVITCH: Again, it is a personal
thing. From the point of view of the CBC
we would be more than willing to discuss with you our comprehensive plans to
move in the direction as defined and any broadcaster who wishes to receive financial
assistance in the move though a subscription fee should obviously have to put a
measurable objective to you that would then be incorporated as part of the
licence operation.
213 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: Thank you.
214 Just
one final line of questioning. The CBC has
quite a robust broadband presence and, as you know, the CFTPA has advocated
that all broadcasters should enter into a terms‑of‑trade agreement,
especially to deal with the ever‑increasing demand on producers for
broadcasters to buy all rights, including, of course, those on broadband.
215 So
firstly, does the CBC currently have a terms‑of‑trade agreement in
place with the CFTPA?
216 MR.
RABINOVITCH: Yes. We do, don't we?
217 MR.
STURSBERG: Yes, we do.
218 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: And it is current and updated
and ‑‑
219 MR.
RABINOVITCH: Given the models, it is
current as it can be.
220 MR.
RABINOVITCH: Yes. The terms of trade change as the business
changes. We have a terms‑of‑trade
agreement that was entered into sometime ago and we have had some conversations
with the producers about what the best way is to deal with these emerging
platforms, particularly broadband platforms.
221 Our
view was that what we should do is we should say neither of us really
understands these platforms yet. We
don't understand fully the costs of them and we certainly don't understand the
revenues associated with them.
222 We
do understand, however, that if there are going to be ancillary platforms over
and above the broadcast program itself that the broadcast program is inevitably
going to be the big driver to those other platforms, it will remain the largest
component of expense and, if you like, it will be the big bullhorn that pushes
people out to the other platform, whether they are mobile or internet or
whatever.
223 So
the model that we had proposed was to say, look, we don't know, you don't know
but what we do know is that the best way to plan these going forward is to plan
them on an integrated basis so that we would say, here is the broadcast piece,
let's build the broadband piece, let's build the mobile piece so they all fit
together and they all can push one to the other.
224 So
we said to the producers, maybe the best way of doing this is just to use a
traditional sort of program sales model and what we would say is we will
distribute on your behalf to those platforms and we will split the associated
revenues 50‑50 between us, let's try that for a year and a half or so,
see how it goes and learn together as to what is going to make sense.
225 Unfortunately,
the producers declined the offer and said no, they didn't really want to do
that, and so now the rule within the television fund is that the way it has to
work is we negotiate the licence fee and then once the licence fee is
negotiated, at that point the negotiation begins with respect to the ancillary
platforms.
226 Our
view is that that is not the most effective way of doing it. We thought the other model was better but for
the time being people have declined it.
227 M. LAFRANCE: Peut‑être en ajouter un peu sur le
marché québécois. On a des discussions
avec la PFTQ, qui est l'équivalent, et ça se passe un peu différemment, mais ça
se passe quand même bien. Tout le monde
est conscient qu'il faut qu'on trouve une façon, surtout quand on a une valeur
importante, la valeur importante des séries comme * Vice Caché + à TVA ou comme * Les invincibles + à Radio‑Canada, qu'il faut
qu'on puisse discuter up front de la façon dont tout le monde va investir et de
la façon dont les revenus vont être distribués, quand il y en aura
éventuellement, et c'est clair que c'est un enjeu majeur parce qu'on ne peut pas
continuer à être pour les 10 prochaines années qu'une première fenêtre de
diffusion, parce que les télés, particulièrement les télés conventionnelles,
sont les principales créatrices de valeur, et c'est elles qui créent les
marques.
228 Alors,
c'est clair qu'il va falloir discuter de tout ça pour qu'on puisse, dès le
départ, s'entendre sur les formes d'investissement.
229 COMMISSIONER CUGINI: So negotiations are ongoing?
230 MR.
LAFRANCE: Yes and will be for a while.
231 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: Well, Mr. Rabinovitch and
gentlemen, thank you very much.
232 Mr.
Chairman, thank you, those are my questions.
233 THE
CHAIRPERSON: Thank you, Mrs. Cugini.
234 My
first question is really in following up with a prior discussion that you had
with Mrs. Cugini and it has to do with the fee for carriage. Some intervenors expressed a concern that if
you were to be granted a fee for
carriage that the government could reduce your appropriation.
235 Do
you have any comments to make for those who are making that assumption?
236 MR.
RABINOVITCH: I can be very cynical here,
sir, and to remind to people that the government has not increased the CBC's
appropriation in 32 years and just given the natural rate of inflation, they
are doing a good job of reducing our real appropriation like whether they would
take advantage of this and reduce it even more, I really don't know.
237 MR.
STURSBERG: But perhaps I might add one
thing. I think in fairness, in terms of
the model that we have proposed, if we were to make a proposal to the
Commission to do something that would then be covered by the fee, that even if
the government reduced the appropriation, it would be inappropriate for us to
reduce our commitment to the Commission with respect to fee and, therefore,
would have to take it out of some other activity of the corporation.
238 THE
CHAIRPERSON: Thank you. You have, this morning, filed a survey that
you've titled "Value of Canadian Television Stations and that's a filing
that was made this morning for the first time, so ‑‑ and it's in that survey that you say that
some close to 90 per cent of the viewers are of the view that they are already
paying for over‑the‑air services when they are paying their cable
bill.
239 Similar
surveys have been conducted by other interveners. I think TQS has one by CROP if my memory
serves me well, which comes to very similar conclusions.
240 And
that being said, CROP in *l'Actualité+ of ‑‑ which is, I
believe, dated December 1st 2006 has also its own survey question, which is not
that one, but it's a question relating to the fact that people will have to pay
to buy a HD TV set and I will say that 75 per cent have the respondents and
it's about the same size of sample.
241 So,
75 per cent of the respondents are saying that they are not interested to pay
for HD.
242 How
do you relate in a way all these answers?
243 Some
are saying that they are not ready to pay something that they are paying; some
others are of the view that there is no need to change for a new
technology. What's your view?
244 MR.
RABINOVITCH: If the question was
specific to HD, it is precisely why we have a problem in moving to HD. Advertisers are not willing to pay for
HD. There is no economic case for moving
to HD We cannot generate, there is no
business case for moving to HD.
245 And
so the numbers there are consistent with the attitude that advertisers have had
towards HD. They see it as superfluous
to their objectives.
246 But
we, as a country have made a decision or in the midst of making a decision
because we look at the quality of the product and we say if we don't move to HD
as quickly as we can, we will lose ever more audience to Canadian programming
to American programs.
247 But
let's not fool ourselves; right now, there is no business case and as I think
the CROP survey confirms that and while the advertisers are acting rationally,
when they refuse to pay us more for an HD show.
Michel, I think you want to add to that.
248 M. TREMBLAY: Oui.
Monsieur le président, j'ajouterais que, effectivement, au‑delà
des chiffres, des sondages, si on regarde la réalité, on a déposé au 1er
septembre les résultats d'une étude élaborée auprès de 12 000 Canadiens sur les
patterns de consommation des nouveaux médias.
249 En
2005, il y avait déjà 14 pour cent des Canadiens qui avaient un téléviseur
numérique haute définition et, évidemment, avec la croissance de la
programmation, on va assister à une croissance soutenue de cet intérêt.
250 Évidemment,
à l'heure actuelle, on n'est pas en présence d'une offre haute définition très
large, donc ce n'est pas surprenant d'une partie qui est encore un peu septique
quant à la nécessité de faire cet investissement, mais je pense que plus les
diffuseurs auront la capacité d'augmenter cette présence, ça va de soi que
c'est la tendance que devront suivre les consommateurs, de la même manière
qu'ils l'ont fait avec les lecteurs DVD ou CD, ce sont des tendances
inéluctables.
251 LE
PRÉSIDENT: Il faut aussi tenir compte,
je présume, des ventes du commerce en détail qui ferait en sorte que les
principaux détaillants d'équipement électroniques domestiques vendent de plus
en plus, sinon même exclusivement, des téléviseurs qui ont... des récepteurs
qui ont la capacité de réception HD.
252 C'est
un peu en contradiction. Ce qui
contredit les résultats du sondage, c'est que les gens disent qu'ils ne sont
pas prêts à en acheter, mais quand ils vont... parce qu'ils doivent changer
leur appareil, c'est à ce moment‑là qu'ils en achètent un.
253 M.
TREMBLAY: Absolument. Et les prix sont en net déclin, donc...
254 LE
PRÉSIDENT: Oui.
255 We
will talk about off air ‑‑ we will move now to the transition
to digital even if that question was somehow introductory to that.
256 Off
air transmitters can deliver programming and data services to mobile and
portable receivers that are beyond the reach of cable and satellite
distribution undertaking.
257 Do
you see a business case for over‑the‑air delivery of multimedia
service to such receivers?
258 MR.
CARNOVALE: While the technology is there
of ‑‑ right now, there is a lack of devices which will
actually receive data from a television station that's distinct from DVDH where
you take a channel that has been given up and you convert it to deliver to
specific devices that are meant to receive DVDH, but not over‑the‑air
television signals or the main broadcast program. So, I am not aware of any devices yet.
259 The
other thing is that it's difficult to have a business case for ancillary data
when we have ‑‑ there is no requirement for that ancillary
data to be carried by BDUs, for example.
Only the main channel is mandatory carriage. So, it's difficult to again come up with a
business case that sees us utilizing ancillary bits in the absence of receivers
and in the absence of any requirement to carry the signal, the ancillary
signals.
260 THE
CHAIRPERSON: Obviously, you're only
operating a few of those over‑the‑air services for now, so I could
understand that there is no current business case, but in the future, mid‑term
or long term future, do you see also an area for growing revenues for an
organization like yours that is covering all of Canada?
261 MR.
RABINOVITCH: It is conceivable and it's
something perhaps that the private broadcasters might be able to take advantage
of. I would be concerned to be
deflective from our primary responsibility, and that is serving Canadians with
quality Canadian programming.
262 This
could be a source of revenue, perhaps it's something we should be doing, but I
really don't believe it should be a priority for the public broadcaster.
263 MR.
CARNOVALE: If I may add one other thing
and that is that our preoccupation is with delivering a single best quality
high definition signal all the time and any ancillary services would come at
the expense of that main program service.
264 THE
CHAIRPERSON: You have said that rather
than constructing parallel digital facilities, there are some assumptions, not
necessarily all of yours, but that broadcasters could upgrade their analog
facilities directly to digital and at the end of the transition period.
265 And
during that transition period, cable and satellite undertakings will distribute
the high definition programming to viewers.
After the transition, they will distribute the low definition analog
programming to viewers at least for a certain period.
266 What
are your views regarding that potential scenario?
267 MR.
CARNOVALE: If I understand the question
correctly, you're talking about the need to have in effect dual carriage?
268 THE
CHAIRPERSON: Yes, exactly.
269 MR.
CARNOVALE: Even in the absence of an
analog signal?
270 THE
CHAIRPERSON: Exactly.
271 MR.
CARNOVALE: That is an interesting
question and we actually haven't talked about an answer to it. It is a conundrum, particularly as it relates
to foreign signals which will by definition only be available as digital
signals.
272 And
should they be converted to standard definition analog on cable, is there an
entitlement? That's a very interesting
question.
273 THE
CHAIRPERSON: For which you don't have a
specific reply.
‑‑ LAUGHTER / RIRES
274 MR.
CARNOVALE: Right.
275 THE
CHAIRPERSON: So, you're leaving it to us
to come up with a ‑‑
But do you think it would be cost effective to do such a ‑‑
to have such a policy or we should totally escape going into that direction?
276 MR.
STURSBERG: At the risk of wandering back
into old territory on my part, you know, clearly what ‑‑ it
creates significant cost pressures particularly on the satellite providers if
they have to duplicate their infrastructure.
277 They
are already going to be under capacity pressures as a result of the requirement
to carry high definition signals because they simply chew up more bandwidth,
which is also true for the cable industry.
And if you were then to layer on to that, a requirement could
essentially double the number of signals they were requiring, by requiring them
to continue to carry the analog signals, I think they are going to find
themselves in a challenging circumstance.
278 THE
CHAIRPERSON: Thank you. The task force on the implementation of
digital television submitted its report in October 1997, all over the ‑‑
close to nine years, broadcasters have had nineties to plan their digital
transition and it will also be at least another two to three years before the
analog facilities are shut down or at least, even if we're talking ‑‑
that's in the U.S. obviously ‑‑ and here, according to your
proposal, we are talking another, an extra five years.
279 Given
this time frame and the declining costs of digital equipment, how much of the
cost of the digital upgrades will have had to be spent in any case to maintain
the analog equipment as part of the normal depreciation and replacement cycle?
280 MR.
RABINOVITCH: That is part of what we are
trying to avoid and that is to make investments into analog equipment which
would not be used after a particular date and to see that as a duplication of
investment, so we would like to avoid that and having a relatively fixed
conversion date would be a good guidance to us in terms of how we move ahead.
281 This
is precisely also why we have already moved within digital in certain communities
and will continue to do so at a rate of replacement, et cetera. But we have only a finite amount of money
with which to operate.
282 MR.
CARNOVALE: There is still a significant
premium for both high definition studio equipment and for digital transmitters
vis‑à‑vis the corresponding analog equipment. That premium has been shrinking, but
typically for high studio equipment, you're talking about 20 to 25 per cent
more.
283 So,
obviously, if we are replacing according to the normal capital attrition, you
actually never quite catch up. So, we
have to spend additional dollars over what we would be spending if it was just
analog equipment.
284 On
the transmission side, it's known at any
or at the lower power levels, digital transmitters at the low parallel level
are much more expensive than analog transmitters. The digital modulator itself is very
expensive.
285 THE
CHAIRPERSON: But you've already started
to implement digital transmission equipment?
286 MR.
CARNOVALE: Yes.
287 THE
CHAIRPERSON: In remote areas or in major
markets?
288 MR.
CARNOVALE: No. We've only implemented eight transmitters in
five cities.
289 THE
CHAIRPERSON: That's it. So, not the locations where you have
implemented HD, are they on top of the HD implementation you've made in
locations like Montreal, Ottawa, Toronto?
290 MR.
CARNOVALE: We can deliver, we deliver HD
in two forms: directly to the BDUs.
291 THE
CHAIRPERSON: Yes.
292 MR.
CARNOVALE: Or through these H
transmitters.
293 THE
CHAIRPERSON: I see. All right.
294 Broadcasters
have recommended that all other stations that originate programming should be
carried by satellite in their entirety.
The distribution of just their original programming on omnibus channels
will not be adequate.
295 How
much will it cost per year to distribute a typical local station by satellite
in high definition across the market, including the uplink costs, the
transponder costs and the receiver?
296 Have
you done those studies yourself?
297 MR.
CARNOVALE: We have the costs for
distributing our signals via C‑band transponders to our transmitters. We can't comment on the costs of what it
would be on a direct‑to‑home basis.
298 THE
CHAIRPERSON: Obviously those are your
current costs, or are they the HD costs?
299 MR.
CARNOVALE: These are
incremental costs.
300 Right
now our eight high definition transmitters are being fed strictly by
fiber. We are not distributing on C‑band
at this point ourselves.
301 THE
CHAIRPERSON: How do you do it for
network programming if you are not using satellite?
302 You
are using fiber across the country, say from Montréal to Vancouver?
303 MR.
CARNOVALE: There is no French‑language
transmitter in Vancouver.
304 But
yes, from Toronto we are feeding Toronto, Ottawa, Montreal, Vancouver in the
English language by fiber. Similarly,
from Montréal we feed Québec City, Ottawa, Toronto by fiber.
305 If
we roll out more transmitters, we will of necessity have to go to satellite
distribution and then we are into a scenario where we would have to add
transponders, typically one transponder for every three high definition
signals, and max out at I think another six for the English Network and two or
three for the French network.
306 THE
CHAIRPERSON: How should carriage
priorities be determined in the absence of transmitters? For example, if a service originates in
Halifax, should it be required carriage in Halifax, Dartmouth and all the
communities within 50 kilometres, all of the south shore as an example,
all of Nova Scotia or all of Atlantic Canada, or even all of Canada?
307 Where
shall it be considered a local signal, where will it be a regional signal and
where will it be an extra regional signal and how will these terms
"local", "regional" and "extra regional" be
defined in the regulations, using, say, Halifax, Dartmouth as an example, or
any other location.
308 If
it is easier for you to use Toronto, Montreal or Ottawa, we can also work
with you.
309 M.
TREMBLAY: Je n'utiliserai aucun exemple
particulier, Monsieur le Président, mais il est évident qu'avec la disparition
de transmission hertzienne, ça va forcer une...
En l'absence de contour de rayonnement, contour A, contour B, il devient
extrêmement difficile de fixer ses priorités.
310 Néanmoins
un scénario probable, c'est qu'au moment du renouvellement, lorsque les réseaux
vont élaborer leurs plans pour leurs termes de licence, qu'ils indiquent,
effectivement, la mesure dans laquelle ils entendent continuer à distribuer ou
pas des signaux par voie hertzienne.
311 A
ce moment‑là, je pense qu'il appartiendra au Conseil de déterminer par
voie de condition quelles sont les zones dans lesquelles on va obliger les
distributeurs, les câblodistributeurs à accorder une priorité.
312 Il
est assez difficile maintenant de déterminer jusqu'où va aller cette obligation‑là,
mais je peux présumer qu'on va tenter de refléter les territoires actuels pour
ne pas briser l'équilibre dans le système.
313 Je
ne sais pas si on doit utiliser des termes, des définitions de marchés comme on
a, les marchés centraux, les marchés étendus selon les normes BBM pour
caractériser la zone de desserte qui pourrait déclencher un statut prioritaire.
314 LE
PRÉSIDENT: BBM n'est pas présent à cette
audience, donc on ne peut pas leur poser la question, mais comme vous êtes des
membres de BBM et que les autres aussi sont des membres de BBM, croyez‑vous
que BBM va être capable de trouver une façon de créer ce que CanWest appelle
des contours virtuels ?
315 M.
TREMBLAY: Effectivement la question
mérite d'être soulevée parce qu'on va y faire face assez rapidement, donc
certainement on pourra soulever la question.
316 Je
siège au conseil de BBM, donc je m'en charge.
‑‑‑ Laughters /
Rires
317 LE
PRÉSIDENT: Il y a beaucoup de gens,
d'ailleurs, qui siègent au conseil de BBM.
‑‑‑ Laughters /
Rires
318 LE
PRÉSIDENT: Donc, je présume que beaucoup
de gens vont s'en charger.
319 M.
TREMBLAY: Du travail d'équipe.
320 LE
PRÉSIDENT: Nous avons parlé un peu plus
tôt, quand on a parlé de redevances, certains intervenants ont suggéré,
effectivement, que si vous aviez le bénéfice d'une redevance, que vous deveniez
des services discrétionnaires au même titre que les canaux spécialisés.
321 Je
sais que vous avez fait la remarque que vous ne voyiez pas la pertinence de
changer la réglementation, mais si le Conseil, dans sa sagesse, arrivait à ce
type de conclusion là, quel serait l'impact pour Radio‑Canada de devenir
un service discrétionnaire ?
322 MR.
RABINOVITCH: Well, I think we have to go
back to the reality of the existing model where 75 percent of the funding
for first windows of new Canadian drama comes from your conventional
broadcasters.
323 Your
conventional broadcasters are not identical to the specialty broadcasters. They have an obligation which you help
establish, the Act helps establish, to undertake and to develop new
programming, first window programming.
324 Our
reality is very simple: To the extent
that the pie shrinks we will do less programming. To the extent that the pie shrinks, we will
be able to cover less people, and yet we have an obligation to try to maximize
the number of Canadians who receive our signal.
325 I
think it could be, in its own way, quite devastating.
326 M.
LAFRANCE: Je veux simplement ajouter que
Radio‑Canada joue un rôle assez singulier dans le système canadien de
radiodiffusion.
327 Si
on regarde l'ensemble des émissions d'information, des émissions scientifiques,
la quantité de dramatiques canadiennes créées par Radio‑Canada, ça me
semblerait assez étonnant en termes de politique publique que Radio‑Canada
devienne un service discrétionnaire.
328 Parce
que la diversité de l'offre au Canada dépend, à mon avis, de l'existence d'un
service public qui est largement distribué, donc ça me semblerait assez, sinon
incompatible, du moins suspect avec les objectifs généraux de la Loi de la
radiodiffusion et de l'existence même du système. Ça me semblerait contradictoire.
329 M.
TREMBLAY: J'ajouterais, Monsieur le
Président, je pense que ce serait un pas en arrière compte tenu de ce que nous
tentons d'accomplir et d'autre part reléguer Radio‑Canada, les services
principaux, à un rôle discrétionnaire irait à l'encontre, finalement, des
prescriptions de la Section 3 de la Loi sur la radiodiffusion qui s'attend à ce
qu'on soit disponible le plus largement possible à tous les Canadiens.
330 THE
CHAIRPERSON: In a hybrid model as you
have described, obviously there will be locations where you won't be carrying
your service.
331 I
think Industry Canada has already started to make up an allotment plan for the
digital distribution. If you are not
taking the spectrum, then it could be possible for others to say that they are
going to make use of that spectrum for various matters. Some may be fairly innovative proposals.
332 If
the decision has been made not to make use of that spectrum, are you conceding
that it could be used for other purposes?
333 MR.
CARNOVALE: Ultimately, yes. I think that if there is a transition date
and broadcasters have a choice to either use the spectrum or not, if that date
passes then it would go back to the public, in effect.
334 MR.
RABINOVITCH: If I may add on that, our
plan is a plan which we think is financially sound and rational given the
existing technology, given the extent to which Canadians in different areas
receive their programming signals, not through Hertzian waves.
335 It
is conceivable the government, in its wisdom, might wish us to duplicate the
accelerated coverage plan, so it would be therefore quite premature for us to
give up those frequencies at this time, but in the long run, if in fact the
plan that we put forward is adopted, by definition those frequencies will go
back to government for other uses.
336 THE
CHAIRPERSON: Some of your local stations
are carried by satellite, some others are not.
It has been suggested that the Commission mandate the carriage of all
local stations by satellite undertakings.
337 In
view of the fact that there some 124 stations that originate local
programming ‑‑ not necessarily all yours but here in
Canada ‑‑ how much satellite capacity will this require and
what will it cost on an annual basis to distribute all of these stations once
they have converted to high definition?
338 You
may not ‑‑
339 MR.
STURSBERG: Well, you know, obviously our
preference would be to have all of the local stations carried by satellite,
because if they are not carried then it impacts their ability to be able to
raise revenue, which is an unfortunate thing because it puts even greater
pressure on our ability to be able to do local programming, local news, local
information programming, whatever it happens to be.
340 The
Commission has already looked into this matter, has recognized that there are
limitations to the ability of the satellite carriers to be able to do this and
has made a judgment on it.
341 Obviously
in a high definition environment, as you point out, if one were to say now you
must carry all of them in high definition it puts further pressure on the
satellite companies' capacity.
342 Having
said all that, if I could put it this way, it is another example of what the
President was saying earlier on about the unattractive economic characteristics
of high definition. High definition
layers in more costs, whether they are going to be transmission costs, satellite
capacity costs, production costs, whatever they have to be, without at the same
time generating any more revenues. So it
creates a squeeze on the system as a whole.
343 THE
CHAIRPERSON: The report that has been
put in the record, the report that came from CIEL, the satellite provider,
deals with some of these questions.
Those who didn't have a chance to look at it, it was filed in the public
record this morning.
344 Obviously
I appreciate that you didn't have a chance to see that report and we are not
planning to have any specific questions regarding that report. I am only saying that the reason why we
agreed to put that report on the record was that it was dealing with some of
the issues that we are talking about.
345 M.
TREMBLAY: Monsieur le Président, j'aimerais ajouter qu'effectivement sur cette
question de distribution par satellite, on est effectivement pris dans un
cercle vicieux parce qu'avec la nécessité d'une bande passante plus large avec
la télévision de définition et le phénomène que de plus en plus les gens dans
les milieux excentriques au grand marché sont abonnés à la distribution
satellitaire, on a un sérieux problème, effectivement, de rejoindre nos
auditoires avec notre programmation locale et régionale.
346 Donc,
c'est vraiment un Noeud Gordien pour l'ensemble des joueurs et pour les
consommateurs.
347 THE
CHAIRPERSON: We spoke earlier about the
fact that you are currently feeding your Montréal to Vancouver through HD
transmitters through fiber. Is it a network
that belongs to the CBC or is rented from the carriers?
348 MR.
CARNOVALE: It is a common carrier
arrangement.
349 THE
CHAIRPERSON: And does that network ‑‑
obviously, they have facilities to cover most of populated Canada wherever
there is fibre, I would suspect?
350 MR.
CARNOVALE: Yes, but the reason for going
satellite is also for the signals to be available to cable companies along the
way. So it wouldn't be just to feed our
transmitters. It would be to have the
added benefit of reaching all the cable companies, including the very small
ones.
351 THE
CHAIRPERSON: But in the major markets
where you are already broadcasting, obviously, you are feeding the cable
operators in these markets through fibre as well. Take Montreal, Videotron is getting your
signal probably even within your building or are you bringing your signal to
their head‑end?
352 MR.
CARNOVALE: It depends on the cable
company. Some of them are getting a
direct feed from within our premises.
Others are actually able to pick it up over the air.
353 THE
CHAIRPERSON: I see. So it varies from one operator to the other?
354 MR.
CARNOVALE: Yes, and it depends ‑‑
355 THE
CHAIRPERSON: There's no rules?
356 MR.
CARNOVALE: Sometimes one cable operator
will hand it off to the other but not necessarily.
357 THE
CHAIRPERSON: It depends on the
arrangement they have among themselves.
358 A
number of parties in this proceeding have suggested imposing a fee for carriage
and relying on cable and satellite delivery rather than off‑air
transmission, so totally cable and satellite distribution. This will increase the monthly rates that
existing subscribers must pay. In
addition, households relying on off‑air viewing will have no alternative
but to subscribe to a distribution service if they are to continue to enjoy
their Canadian services.
359 Have
you made any estimates as to how many households rely on off‑air
viewing? I know that you have given us
some percentages based on surveys that you have conducted but do you have an
idea of how many households that percentage represent?
360 M.
TREMBLAY : Monsieur le Président, je n'ai pas de chiffres précis en tête sur le
nombre de foyers, sauf que, à l'heure actuelle, 90 pour cent des Canadiens
choisissent, effectivement, de s'abonner au câble et au satellite, donc, de
payer pour la réception de leur service.
Ça laisse un univers qui est encore servi par le biais de la télévision
herzienne, et dans plusieurs marchés, on a observé même des taux de pénétration
des distributeurs satellitaires aux terrestres qui est de l'ordre de 97 à 98
pour cent. Donc, effectivement, il y a
un très net déclin.
361 LE
PRÉSIDENT : Il y a, cependant, des différences entre le marché anglophone
et le marché francophone. De quelle
nature est cette différence?
362 MR.
RABINOVITCH: If I remember correctly,
there are certain communities such as Windsor, Montreal, where the number of
people who still receive or want to receive their signal off air is quite
significant. In think in Montreal the
francophone community is about 22‑23 percent. I don't want to be quoted on the precise number
but it is quite significant.
363 So
that is why we feel that we cannot abandon those people and force them to go
with a BDU, that we must be able, to the extent that it is financially logical,
have over‑the‑air services as well as BDU service.
364 THE
CHAIRPERSON: Are you of the view that
this is a policy that applies to CBC/Radio‑Canada or it is a policy that
should apply to all the current over‑the‑air broadcasters?
365 MR.
RABINOVITCH: Yes, that is a policy that
applies to CBC/Radio‑Canada and it will be up to you to decide how much
further.
‑‑‑ Laughter /
Rires
366 THE
CHAIRPERSON: But you don't have any
comments to make? But they are going to
be making comments on your proposals.
‑‑‑ Laughter /
Rires
367 MR.
RABINOVITCH: Why am I not surprised?
‑‑‑ Laughter /
Rires
368 THE
CHAIRPERSON: Because we have already
seen some who are here about ‑‑ in reading the last couple of
days papers or even on watching television or listening radio, we are already
hearing some comments on your proposal.
But you don't have any comments to make on theirs?
369 M.
LAFRANCE : Vous mentionnez pour le marché francophone qu'il y a certaines
différences. Une des choses particulièrement
intéressant c'est que, comme le Président le mentionnait, c'est à Montréal, par
exemple, qu'on trouve le plus grand nombre de gens qui captent la télévision de
façon traditionnelle, off air, et le modèle hybride vient combler les marchés
urbains. C'est dans les marchés urbains
qu'on trouve le plus grand nombre de non‑abonnés qui captent ça. Alors, le modèle hybride vient régler la
grande partie de ces cas‑là.
370 LE
PRÉSIDENT : On va parler un peu de sous‑titrage, closed captioning. Mes premières questions, à tout le moins,
sont en français puis sont spécifiques au marché francophone puisque,
effectivement, on vit avec deux réalités, la réalité du marché anglophone et la
réalité du marché francophone.
371 Dans
leur mémoire, la majorité des télédiffuseurs s'oppose au sous‑titrage de
la publicité et des contenus promotionnels.
Cette question‑là, elle est générale parce qu'elle s'applique
également autant à CBC. Pouvez‑vous
élaborer davantage sur cette question‑là, et pourquoi, selon vous, la
faisabilité du sous‑titrage de la publicité n'est pas possible?
372 M.
LAFRANCE : Je peux seulement répondre sur la question de la
publicité. C'est qu'on encourage
fortement la plupart des annonceurs à sous‑titrer leurs émissions, à sous‑titrer
leur publicité. Donc, on l'encourage
fortement, mais ça reste leur production.
Donc, ils sont encouragés à le faire dès qu'ils annoncent chez nous.
373 LE
PRÉSIDENT : Mais certains, surtout les organismes qui représentent les
personnes malentendantes, disent que, malgré tout ça, ça devrait être la
responsabilité du télédiffuseur de s'assurer que les messages sont codés pour
malentendants.
374 MR.
CARNOVALE: I think when it comes to
commercial announcements that it really should be the responsibility of the
advertiser to do that because it is their content and to do closed captioning
of a commercial properly they would want to control ‑‑ they
need to put the effort into where they want the captioning positioned, exactly
what it says, exactly what the ancillary information is in terms of music,
lyrics or whatever.
375 LE
PRÉSIDENT : Et quel serait l'impact pour ‑‑ what will be
the impact for both CBC and Radio‑Canada if the Commission was to make
the determination that 100 percent of the programming shall be closed captioned
including promotions and advertising?
376 MR.
STURSBERG: Well on CBC right now 100
percent of the programming is closed captioned aside from the advertising but I
think Ray's opinion is the correct one, that really closed captioning
there ‑‑ it should be the advertiser's responsibility to make
sure that closed captioning reflects what it is they are trying to say in the
ad.
377 MR.
CARNOVALE: There is also a practical
problem that with some campaigns the material gets delivered at the absolute
last minute and it is in the program log, it goes to air that night, it would
just be physically impossible to go through the process of taking a late delivery
and then trying to determine how to caption it.
378 M.
LAFRANCE : Sur la question du 100 pour cent aussi, il y a un problème
particulier qui se pose. Je pense qu'en
français, on est à 90 pour cent environ.
Le problème se pose avec la technologie qu'on utilise spécifiquement sur
les émissions en direct. Alors, il n'y a
pas de problème actuellement. Toutes les
émissions qui ne sont pas en direct sont, donc, en closed captioning. Mais sur les émissions en direct, il y a un
problème particulier, et c'est un problème qui n'est pas simple à régler. C'est‑à‑dire que le 100 pour
cent, la technologie actuellement rend difficile le closed captioning de toutes
les émissions en direct pour un certain nombre de questions liées, entre
autres, à la langue française.
379 Voulez‑vous
expliquer pourquoi c'est plus complexe?
380 MR.
CARNOVALE: The closed captioning
technology requires specialized ‑‑ the system we use, which is
the stenographic keyboard that is linked to a computer, requires people who are
specially trained. There is actually a
limited supply in the French‑Canadian market and it gets even more
difficult at off‑hours like at 11:00 p.m. when our sports broadcast is on
the air. It is live. It is a talk show and the availability of
closed captioners at that time of the day is difficult.
381 M.
TREMBLAY : Monsieur le Président, j'ajouterais une observation. Peut‑être si on veut faire bouger les
choses rapidement, peut‑être que le Conseil pourrait interdire la
diffusion de messages qui ne nous sont pas amenés avec des sous‑titrages.
382 LE
PRÉSIDENT : Et Radio‑Canada serait prêt à se passer des revenus que
ça représente?
‑‑‑ Laughter /
Rires
383 M.
TREMBLAY : Je pense que les messages arriveraient sous‑titrés.
384 LE
PRÉSIDENT : Un des problèmes qui est bien identifié, c'est que,
particulièrement au Canada français, à l'interne, Radio‑Canada a sa
propre politique de normalisation, et vos concurrents comme TVA et TQS ont les
leurs, donc, il n'y a pas de règles communes de l'industrie pour avoir des
normes universelles, puis probablement encore moins avec les pays européens qui
vous fournissent aussi de la programmation.
385 Est‑ce
qu'il n'y aurait pas une... Il ne serait
pas pertinent qu'il y ait un comité multipartite qui comprenne à la fois
l'ensemble des télédiffuseurs, pas uniquement herziens, ça peut être aussi des
canaux spécialisés, qui diffusent en langue française pour travailler et pour
mettre en place des normes communes?
386 Je
vois par les dossiers qui sont présents devant nous que vous travaillez avec le
Réseau québécois du sous‑titrage.
Je vois aussi que TVA travaille avec le réseau québécois du sous‑titrage.
387 Est‑ce
qu'il n'y aurait pas possibilité d'avoir une activité commune qui permettrait,
effectivement, de régler peut‑être, une fois pour toutes, cette question
de normalisation et probablement aurait aussi comme bénéfice de faciliter les
meilleurs moyens pour identifier les meilleurs systèmes pour faire du sous‑titrage
à la fois en direct et sur les émissions déjà pré‑produites?
388 M.
LAFRANCE : Je peux vous dire qu'il y a déjà des discussions en cours. Dans ce domaine‑là, on n'est pas
concurrent, en tout cas. Il y a déjà,
donc, des discussions en cours.
Effectivement, tout le monde veut améliorer l'affaire. On n'a pas les mêmes technologies, ce qui
complique la chose, mais il y a déjà des discussions en cours avec ce que vous
appelez nos concurrents pour tenter de voir comment on peut, effectivement,
essayer de faire avancer la situation.
Donc, ça se fait. On discute
actuellement.
389 LE
PRÉSIDENT : Avez‑vous initié des discussions avec les... Je vois que... dans la lettre du CSA, je vois
qu'on a introduit le sous‑titrage également dans la programmation, la
télévisuelle en France. Eux aussi
doivent être confrontés aux mêmes problèmes d'accentuation. Donc, est‑ce que vous avez ouvert un
dialogue avec eux?
390 M.
LAFRANCE : J'avoue que je ne suis pas certain pour les Européens. Je sais que ça se fait ici, donc, chez les
diffuseurs francophones, mais je peux vérifier, puis je vais revenir avec une
réponse.
391 LE
PRÉSIDENT : Parce que, effectivement, je sais que...
392 M.
LAFRANCE : Mais ce n'est pas une mauvaise idée, en tout cas.
393 LE
PRÉSIDENT : ...vous oeuvrez sur la scène internationale, Monsieur
Lafrance. Alors, peut‑être que
vous pourriez...
394 M.
LAFRANCE : On va leur en parler.
395 LE
PRÉSIDENT : ...leur en parler, puis peut‑être nous tenir informés,
puis tenir vos collègues informés aussi puisque c'est d'un intérêt commun
d'avoir un système, probablement un système unique.
396 On
a couvert pas mal toutes nos questions.
En fait, moi, j'ai couvert les miennes en tout cas, si mes collègues en
ont.
397 Monsieur
French?
398 COMMISSIONER
FRENCH: Your model for Fee for Carriage
seems to me to provide a good deal of flexibility, and I guess that flexibility
would, inevitably, be necessary for CBC Radio Canada, which has a number of
unique features that are not duplicated by the other players.
399 But
I am asking myself whether the nature of the model doesn't ask too much of the
Regulatory Agency, and I suppose, by ricochet, all of the other players.
400 I
repeat, I am not referring to Radio Canada, as such, I am simply saying that if
there is this constant, rolling, re‑negotiation or bargaining process,
the burden of which is a kind of carrot, represented by Fee for Carriage in
return for commitments, how would we ensure horizontal equity in the system?
401 MR.
RABINOVITCH: I think you have this
already in the system, in terms of the negotiation, the explanation, the
positioning that goes on in each of the licensing hearings.
402 What
we are suggesting is ‑‑ we are not asking to make a grab for
funds, we are asking for funding through Fee for Carriage to enhance and expand
services.
403 You
make statements from time to time as to areas you would like to see covered, or
have more money put into it.
404 For
example, in this call you talk about HD and you talk about drama programming.
405 It
is up to the licence applicant, namely, ourselves, at renewal time, to come
forward to you with a proposal in terms of the areas we would like
covered. And it would have to be in
addition to what we would be doing normally.
They would have to be transparent.
They would have to be measurable.
406 It
wouldn't be rolling, it would be a commitment to operate and to perform a
certain series of functions over a period of time.
407 I
don't know about horizonal equity. I
think this is a function of each person, and each undertaking.
408 But,
I dare say, our system, and what we are putting forward to you, is distinctive
from our colleagues in the private sector, in that we are not making a claim or
asking you to help skate us back onside financially. We are asking you to help us move forward, to
achieve objectives that we have under the Act, and to achieve objectives that
you have for us.
409 COMMISSIONER
FRENCH: I do see the virtue of the approach
in your case, though I suggest to you, respectfully, that what you are, in
effect, asking us to do is not skate you back onside financially, but palliate
the failure of public financing, about which you have been eloquent.
410 You
sense is, in our dealings with the diverse and wonderful world of private
broadcasters, that this model would not create substantial additional burdens
in terms of the kind of information required, in terms of the kind of judgments
required by the Regulator, in order to be fair to all of the players; but,
rather, that we build some kind of ‑‑ presumably, we would
build some kind of quasi‑common law set of principles, as we have in the
past in certain other cases, and it would become clear that, by offering something
in the nature of X, Y or Z, you could expect something in the nature of so many
cents or so many dollars per month per subscriber.
411 Is
that the idea?
412 MR.
RABINOVITCH: The more guidance you can
give us, the better, in terms of what are your objectives, what are your
priorities. Do they dovetail with us?
413 We
would be expected, I believe, to come forward to you with a fully costed
request: This is what it will cost to do
X, Y and Z. This is what we are
committing against what we feel a subscriber fee can raise.
414 From
that point of view, I think it would be quite straightforward, in terms of
benefits generated by funds generated.
415 COMMISSIONER
FRENCH: So we are going to import the
Telecom model, where we will swear you all in and have you cross‑examined?
416 MR.
RABINOVITCH: No, you will do worse than
that. You will basically be able to
embarrass us, if we are not performing, and I would presume, over time, because
we have to come back regularly to you, that you would be able to punish us if
we don't perform.
417 This
is the normal way in which we operate with the Regulator.
418 But
it is very much our intention to perform.
419 COMMISSIONER
FRENCH: The term "punishment"
isn't really very realistic, is it?
420 MR.
RABINOVITCH: You could pull our licence.
421 COMMISSIONER
FRENCH: We punish people inadvertently,
but we never do it intentionally.
‑‑‑ Laughter /
Rires
422 COMMISSIONER
FRENCH: Thank you very much.
423 THE
CHAIRPERSON: Commissioner Duncan.
424 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: Thank you. I have a couple of questions.
425 First
of all, I want to look at the bar graph that you gave us this morning, at page
2.
426 You
said in your address that the customers already consider that they are paying
the BDUs for the over‑the‑air signals. I am curious, in your study, if you asked the
question: How much do they think they
are paying for those signals?
427 If
you didn't ask the question, I would be interested in your opinion as to how
much, or what percentage of that monthly fee they feel they are paying for over‑the‑air
signals.
428 MR.
TREMBLAY: From looking at the study now,
I don't think we have probed that aspect specifically, how much they think they
pay, and whether we have any opinion.
429 I
think that the cable bills of consumers vary a great deal, depending upon the
range of service they buy, obviously.
430 If
you are a subscriber to digital cable, or you have bought the whole satellite
package, that may not be a very important perception to you, because you are
already paying a pretty hefty bill for those services.
431 The
short answer is that, no, we have not measured that kind of price point, and I
think it would be very difficult to ascertain.
432 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: In your own view, because I notice
that you did say ‑‑ I think the President said that you
contest the assumption that it should be a pass‑through charge.
433 So,
I am wondering, in your own view, how many dollars would you suspect should be
attributed to over‑the‑air?
434 I
guess it would probably be easier to give us a range than an absolute amount.
435 Do
you have a view on that?
436 MR.
RABINOVITCH: I find it difficult to go
there, quite frankly, because I believe that the model we put forward would
determine the amount that we would be able to receive.
437 And
to the extent that you gave us guidance, saying that nobody can expect a fee of
more than X, that would help us as we put together the package that we would
bring to you.
438 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: I would like to continue on this
topic for a few minutes, if you will bear with me.
439 What
you would be expecting, then, is that the BDUs would be giving up that amount
of their revenue.
440 Is
that correct?
441 MR.
RABINOVITCH: What I contested before
was, we don't accept the automatic assumption that this cost must be passed
through.
442 We
believe that the basic fee is generated, to a great extent, by the services
provided, which include our conventional services.
443 So
it doesn't follow for us that there must be an automatic pass‑through,
especially given the rate at which conventional services have been increased
over the years.
444 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: I think one of my colleagues
mentioned that, of course, there were explanations for those increases, at
least in basic cable.
445 I
notice in the literature that we have been presented that different parties are
saying that the monthly subscriber bill might increase between $2 and $19 a
month.
446 MR.
STURSBERG: In fairness, I think that
these amounts of money are completely speculative.
447 As
the President was saying ‑‑ and this is the burden of our
position ‑‑ that is completely within your control.
448 So
that you would say yourselves, even if the total quantum was passed through,
which, as the President says, need not be the case, then you would decide on
the basis of the propositions that you would accept or not accept.
449 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: Thank you. I appreciate that, I was just trying to get
some guidance.
450 I
have another question. Picking up on
Michel Arpin's question about the over‑the‑air stations, the
stations that are delivering local programming, which are not carried on
satellite, I understand that there are 124.
How many of that 124 would be CBC stations?
451 Do
you have any idea?
452 MR.
RABINOVITCH: I really can't answer the
specifics, and we can get that for you, but there are definite holes in our
system of coverage, including right here in Ottawa‑Gatineau.
453 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: In answering that question,
then, would you be able to tell us, if you went with your hybrid system and you
had the 44 in the major centres, would that eliminate that problem?
454 MR.
CARNOVALE: No, it's the same problem as
it is right now.
455 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: As I understood your
proposal ‑‑
456 MR.
CARNOVALE: We have analog transmitters
in all of those markets now.
457 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: Yes, but aren't you
proposing ‑‑ or are you proposing ‑‑ did I
misunderstand ‑‑ in your scenario that the 44 would be
converted, and the others would just wear out ‑‑ run their
course?
458 MR.
CARNOVALE: Yes.
459 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: So, then, what would happen with
the stations in those markets ‑‑ those other non‑44?
460 MR.
STURSBERG: Those 44 cover all of the
stations where we have local programming.
461 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: Oh, they do.
462 MR.
CARNOVALE: Yes.
463 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: Okay. Thanks.
464 Thank
you very much. Those are my questions.
465 THE
CHAIRPERSON: Commissioner Williams.
466 COMMISSIONER
WILLIAMS: Thank you, Mr. Chair.
467 Good
morning, gentlemen.
468 In
your opening presentation you describe a hybrid approach, where you would have
the 44 digital over‑the‑air transmitters in the major markets, and
I guess the balance would be served by cable or DTH, or other BDUs.
469 Would
you consider a Fee for Carriage in only those areas not served by your digital
transmitters?
470 MR.
RABINOVITCH: No, sir. I think that a Fee for Carriage should be a
standard fee against our commitments to undertake certain activities.
471 COMMISSIONER
WILLIAMS: Do you believe that Canadians
in remote areas should pay more for your services, given that all Canadians, at
least partially, fund CBC?
472 MR.
RABINOVITCH: I'm sorry, I don't quite
understand the question.
473 COMMISSIONER
WILLIAMS: With your earlier answer, you
were saying that you thought the fees should be broad across the Canadian
spectrum.
474 Perhaps
that is your answer in the second question, as well.
475 MR.
RABINOVITCH: I think that people who
choose not to take the signal via a BDU do not pay the Fee for Carriage, by
definition.
476 But
everybody who does take the signal through a BDU should pay that Fee for
Carriage, as they do now.
477 COMMISSIONER
WILLIAMS: So, in a large centre, they
would have the opportunity to choose between one of your 44 transmitters, or, I
suppose, a BDU. In a smaller community,
where there is no transmitter, they would then have to strictly go towards a
BDU arrangement.
478 MR.
RABINOVITCH: That is a consequence of
giving people in areas where we know there is a large percentage who have
chosen not to go to a BDU ‑‑ to make sure they are not
deprived of a service.
479 It
is sort of an unintended consequence that, in fact, they can get certain
services by not subscribing to a BDU.
480 COMMISSIONER
WILLIAMS: Okay. Thank you.
481 THE
CHAIRPERSON: Before going to Legal
Counsel, I have two last questions.
482 Maybe,
Mr. Carnovale, you will be the one who will be able to answer my question,
which is probably very simple.
483 If
I have an HD television set, and I am not a BDU subscriber, could I pick an
over‑the‑air signal, an HD signal?
And what kind of means would I need, rabbit ears or any other non‑complex
external antenna, or should I necessarily have to be hooked up to a BDU?
484 MR.
CARNOVALE: There are two parts to the
answer to that question. The first
is: Do you really have an HDTV receiver,
as opposed to a high definition display.
485 Unfortunately,
because of lack of regulation here, there has been no requirement that a high
definition display actually have high definition reception capability.
486 If
you go right now into the big box stores, I think what you are seeing are the
leftovers from the United States transition, where, as of July 1st, they have
had a mandatory obligation that every set over 27 inches actually be able to
receive the over‑the‑air signal.
487 Our
numbers indicate that, of the 14 or 15 percent of the population that has high
definition sets, only one‑third of those sets actually have the tuners in
them.
488 That
said, if you have a tuner, it is surprising how receivable the over‑the‑air
signal is.
489 In
Toronto, I personally have received our signals with rabbit ears and/or a very
small UHF antenna, which is about 20 centimetres long.
490 MR.
RABINOVITCH: And that includes a whole
bunch of Buffalo signals as well.
491 THE
CHAIRPERSON: So, you ‑‑ well, surely your reply helps me to
understand that I have a HD display and not an HD receiver.
‑‑‑ LAUGHTER /
RIRES
492 THE
CHAIRPERSON: So, I want to go to bed
tonight less stupid.
493 My
last question to you, I think, certainly has to do with the ability of the
Commission to enact a fee for carriage and as you know, some has filed a legal
opinion, some others ‑‑ and some others have raised
questions. My question to you is: some
have argued for various reasons that the Commission does not have the
jurisdiction to impose a fee for carriage regime under the Broadcasting Act.
494 Could
you, please, comment on that position?
495 M.
TREMBLAY: Bien sûr, avec... with
pleasure. I think if, number 1, there
are obviously now two strong legal opinions on the public file of this
proceeding: one from McCarthy that dates back to 1993 and a more recent one by
Goodmans who are absolutely non equivocal in terms of establishing that the
Commission has clearly now the power and the jurisdiction to set up that fee.
496 And
I would also add that at now the Commission itself in its Public Notice CRTC
9374, about the structural hearing said that the Commission is satisfied that
its jurisdiction to require each element of the broadcasting system to
contribute to Canadian programming is clear and that the nature, extent and
mechanism of that contribution is entirely within its discretion.
497 So,
I think if we are adding these elements, I think there is strong evidence that
now the Commission clearly has these discretionary powers.
498 THE
CHAIRPERSON: Thank you very much. Mr. Keogh?
499 MR.
KEOGH: Thank you, Mr. Chairman. I just have one question. One of the issues that there seems to be
conflicting views on is the ability to monetize out of market tuning and I
wonder if you have any comments on that issue?
500 MR.
STURSBERG: In which context do you mean?
501 MR.
KEOGH: Well, in the context of the
argument that is being put forth by some parties is that the broadcaster's
signal when carried out of its principal market, they have no ability to
capture through advertising rates, additional revenues to reflect the
additional audience.
502 There
is no argument on the other side that it's just the contrary to that. No, they do have the ability and that it goes
into the rate that is negotiated with the advertisers in recognition of the
broader reception of the ‑‑
503 MR.
STURSBERG: Well, yes. I mean in some cases it may have, in certain
cases it may not, but from the point of view of that proceeding as a whole, I
think the difficulty we confront is that it's a fixed pool of money. So, however you are pulling at it, it's a
fixed pool of money which is in decline.
504 So,
monetizing, not monetizing out of market signals, it doesn't get us anywhere
towards solving out of more general problem that confronts us, although it may
move the money around a little bit.
505 MR.
KEOGH: O.K. I take that point, but I understand, Mr.
Stursberg, that you answer is there is the ability to do it, but you are
working within a set pool.
506 MR.
STURSBERG: That's correct.
507 MR.
KEOGH: O.K. Thank you.
Those are my only questions.
508 THE
CHAIRPERSON: Thank you very much,
gentlemen. We will take a 15 minute
break. So, we will reconvene at 1120. Thank you.
‑‑‑ Upon recessing
at 1104 / Suspension à 1104
‑‑‑ Upon resuming
at 1124 / Reprise à 1124
509 THE
CHAIRPERSON: Order, please. Please be seated. S'il vous plaît, veuillez vous asseoir. Je pense qu'il y a de la place maintenant
pour à peu près tout le monde.
510 Madame
la Secrétaire.
511 LA
SECRÉTAIRE : Merci, Monsieur le Président.
512 J'inviterais
maintenant les prochains participants, TQS, à faire leur présentation. Monsieur René Guimond comparaît pour les participants,
et après présentation de vos collègues, vous aurez 15 minutes pour votre
présentation.
513 Monsieur
Guimond.
PRÉSENTATION / PRESENTATION
514 M.
GUIMOND : Merci, Madame.
515 Monsieur
le Président, mesdames et messieurs les commissaires, je suis René Guimond,
Président et Chef de la direction de TQS.
516 Aujourd'hui,
je suis accompagné de plusieurs de mes collègues de TQS, soit :
517 À
ma droite, madame Monique Lacharité, vice‑présidente finances et
administration, Guy Meunier, vice‑président ventes et marketing et
Bernard Guérin, directeur général aux affaires juridiques.
518 À
ma gauche, Louis Trépanier, vice‑président programmation et François
Birtz, directeur général exploitation.
519 Derrière
moi, monsieur Claude Champagne, directeur recherche et marketing de TQS et
monsieur Sylvain Gauthier, vice‑président de la firme de recherche CROP.
520 TQS
est heureuse d'être parmi les premières à amorcer cette audience publique avec
vous, une audience qui revêt une importance capitale pour l'avenir de notre
télévision conventionnelle canadienne et plus précisément en ce qui concerne
pour l'avenir de la télévision conventionnelle dans les marchés francophones.
521 La
révision que vous entreprenez des règlements et des politiques qui régissent
l'industrie de la télévision au Canada arrive à une période critique pour notre
industrie et de soit, selon nous, de confirmer la mission primordiale de la
télévision conventionnelle.
522 Depuis
plus de 50 ans, la télévision conventionnelle diffuse nos débats politiques et
d'affaires publiques, offre une information complète au niveau national,
régional et local, et fait connaître nos auteurs, nos artistes et nos
comédiens. La télévision conventionnelle
francophone s'est toujours donnée comme mission fondamentale de refléter notre
identité culturelle.
523 Comme
le Conseil l'a noté dans son avis public, d'importants changements ont cours
dans le domaine des communications et particulièrement dans le domaine de la
radiodiffusion. Au cours des prochaines
années, les télédiffuseurs devront s'ajuster à d'importantes innovations
technologiques ainsi qu'à des changements significatifs du comportement des
téléspectateurs.
524 Les
télédiffuseurs conventionnels dans le marché francophone ne craignent pas
l'avenir, mais nous sommes convaincus que le Conseil se doit, avant toute
chose, d'établir rapidement l'équité dans le système de radiodiffusion canadien
en autorisant le plus tôt possible un tarif d'abonnement pour la distribution
des services de télévision conventionnelle privés.
525 Pourquoi
cette urgence d'agir? Parce que dans le
marché francophone, la part d'écoute que retiennent les services spécialisés
augmente d'année en année, avec pour résultat qu'en 2005‑2006 la part
d'écoute des services spécialisés francophones s'établissait à 34,5 pour cent,
soit une augmentation de 8 pour cent par rapport à l'année précédente, et de
plus de 109 pour cent par rapport à 1996‑1997. Cette année, la tendance se confirme puisque,
après seulement 12 semaines, la part d'écoute des services spécialisés est
passée à 37 pour cent.
526 Au
cours de ces mêmes 10 ans, les télédiffuseurs conventionnels ont, quant à eux,
vu leur part d'écoute dans le marché francophone chutée de 68,7 pour cent
en 1996‑1997 à 58,5 pour cent en 2005‑2006, dont 40,6 pour cent
était attribuable aux télédiffuseurs conventionnels privés.
527 Cette
année, après les 12 premières semaines de 2006‑2007, la part des
télédiffuseurs conventionnels privés est de 41,4 pour cent, alors que la même
période l'année dernière, elle était de 43,9 pour cent.
528 Quelque
soit l'angle abordé, les télédiffuseurs conventionnels francophones font face à
des difficultés financières majeures, engendrées par l'étroitesse de leur
marché d'un peu plus de 6 millions de francophones, par la part grandissante de
la publicité allouée aux services spécialisés par l'explosion des nouveaux
services de communication et par les changements technologiques qui exigent des
investissements importants, notamment pour le passage au numérique et à la
haute définition. Tous ces facteurs
affectent directement la rentabilité de la télévision conventionnelle.
529 Nous
croyons qu'il est impératif que le Conseil reconnaisse que, depuis déjà
plusieurs années, les services spécialisés ont été nettement avantagés en ayant
et en continuant d'avoir accès à deux sources de revenus, soit la publicité et
les redevances d'abonnement, tandis que les télédiffuseurs conventionnels n'ont
droit qu'au seul revenu publicitaire.
530 Pourquoi
est‑ce nécessaire d'agir dans le meilleur délai? Parce que nous sommes convaincus que la
télévision conventionnelle continue de jouer un rôle primordial dans notre
société en reflétant notre identité culturelle et qu'il est impératif qu'elle
demeure à notre image.
531 Depuis
déjà plusieurs décennies, la télévision occupe une place de première importance
dans la vie quotidienne des Canadiens.
Au Québec, comme en font foi les données BBM, les francophones sont très
fidèles à leur télévision. Leur moyenne
d'écoute était de plus de 29 heures par semaine en 2005‑2006, alors
qu'elle se situait à seulement 22 heures chez les anglophones.
532 Les
Québécois, et tout particulièrement les francophones, aiment leur
télévision. Ils sont farouchement
attachés aux téléromans, aux documentaires, aux variétés, aux nouvelles, aux
dramatiques, et à TQS, ils sont très nombreux à l'écoute du * Grand Journal +, à * Flash +, à * 110 % +, à * Caféine +, à * Donnez au suivant +, à * Loft Story +, pour ne nommer que celles‑là.
533 TQS
considère que le fait que les services spécialisés aient été autorisés à vendre
du temps d'antenne, en sus de leur revenu d'abonnement, leur a conféré un
avantage concurrentiel indéniable qui constitue aujourd'hui la principale cause
des problèmes économiques de la télévision conventionnelle.
534 Au
début des services spécialisés, la télévision conventionnelle avait la quasi‑exclusivité
des revenus publicitaires. Or, ce n'est,
évidemment, plus le cas. La télévision
conventionnelle doit maintenant faire face à une situation d'instabilité de
concurrence qui est devenue inéquitable dans la mesure où les spécialisés
atteignent de plus en plus de maturité quant à leurs revenus provenant des
ventes, et ce, en plus d'avoir accès aux redevances.
535 Nous
sommes disposés à faire face à cette concurrence, mais nous la souhaitons à
armes égales.
536 Rappelons
aussi que plusieurs services spécialisés qui se devaient d'avoir une
programmation spécialisée ont demandé et obtenu du Conseil d'élargir les catégories
de programmes qu'ils étaient autorisés à diffuser. Plusieurs services spécialisés ont ainsi
commencé à diffuser des émission qui se retrouvaient ou auraient pu se
retrouver sur les télévisions conventionnelles, augmentant ainsi la concurrence
pour l'acquisition de produits.
537 Les
télédiffuseurs conventionnels ne peuvent se contenter du statu quo dans la
réglementation, car si la tendance des trois dernières années perdurent, et
nous croyons qu'elle s'accentuera, les télédiffuseurs conventionnels seront de
moins en moins aptes à contribuer adéquatement à l'atteinte des objectifs
prévus dans la Loi sur la radiodiffusion.
538 Nous
sommes d'avis que le Conseil doit tout mettre en oeuvre suite à cette audience
publique pour introduire un nouveau cadre réglementaire qui favorisera la
capacité des télédiffuseurs conventionnels de continuer à jouer pleinement leur
rôle dans le système de radiodiffusion canadien.
539 Nous
aimerions discuter en priorité avec vous, aujourd'hui, de cinq changements
réglementaires qui sont susceptibles d'avoir un effet direct sur la rentabilité
des services de télévision conventionnelle dans le marché francophone.
540 D'abord,
le besoin critique d'introduire le plus rapidement possible un tarif
d'abonnement pour rétablir l'équité dans le système de radiodiffusion.
541 Dans
le marché francophone, la profitabilité des télédiffuseurs francophones
spécialisés est en croissance continue.
Leur marge de bailli se situait à 23,4 pour cent en 2004‑2005,
tandis que celle des télédiffuseurs conventionnels francophones n'a jamais
franchi la barre des 15 pour cent au cours des 10 dernières années, avec une
moyenne de seulement 11,1 pour cent.
542 En
fait, au cours des trois dernières années, on a observé une tendance à la
baisse des marges de bailli des télédiffuseurs conventionnels, ce qui fait que
la marge des baillis des télédiffuseurs conventionnels francophones risque
d'être en 2005‑2006 sous la barre des 10 pour cent.
543 Pour
rétablir l'équité dans le système, TQS demande au Conseil d'accorder aux
télédiffuseurs conventionnels privés un tarif d'abonnement mensuel qui leur
permettra de profiter des mêmes sources de revenu que leurs principaux compétiteurs,
les services spécialisés.
544 Nous
sommes aussi d'avis que ce tarif se doit d'être le même pour toutes les
télévisions conventionnelles privées dans un marché linguistique donné, et ce,
pour toutes les EDR. Dans le marché
francophone, ce tarif devrait être identique pour TQS et pour TVA afin
d'assurer une saine concurrence.
545 Dans
votre avis public, vous avez demandé comment calculer ce tarif, le cas échéant,
question et réponse à laquelle nous vous avons proposé, dans le mémoire que
nous avons déposé le 27 septembre dernier, les prémisses d'une formule visant à
établir le tarif. TQS a pris très au
sérieux cette demande du Conseil, et nous avons formulé une question qui, à
notre avis, tient compte de la situation économique de l'industrie aujourd'hui.
546 Par
ailleurs, quant à la préoccupation de savoir comment le public réagira à
l'introduction d'un tarif d'abonnement, nous avons demandé à la firme de
recherche CROP de réaliser une enquête entre le 12 et 17 septembre 2006 auprès
des abonnés du câble et des services satellites.
547 Il
en ressort que la grande majorité des répondants, soit 89 pour cent, disent
qu'il est très ou assez important pour les télédiffuseurs conventionnels que
ceux‑ci soient inclus dans leur forfait de base.
548 Parmi
les personnes interviewées, 89 pour cent disent écouter tous les jours, du
lundi au vendredi, pendant au moins une heure, les télédiffuseurs
conventionnels.
549 Six
répondants sur 10 pensent qu'ils paient déjà un montant, qu'ils évaluent à
quelque $5.40, pour avoir accès aux chaînes de télévision conventionnelle
telles que TQS et TVA dans leur forfait mensuel.
550 Près
des trois‑quarts des répondants, 73 pour cent, ignoraient que seuls les
réseaux de télévision spécialisée reçoivent actuellement des redevances
directes provenant du compte mensuel de télévisions par câble ou par satellite.
551 Dans
l'ensemble des répondants, 58 pour cent sont tout à fait ou plutôt d'accord
avec la possibilité que les télédiffuseurs conventionnels reçoivent eux aussi
des redevances.
552 Ce
qui représente un pourcentage très élevé compte tenu du fait qu'ils reçoivent
actuellement ces services sur une base gratuite.
553 Dans
l'hypothèse ou les télédiffuseurs conventionnels TQS et TVA ne seraient plus
inclus gratuitement à l'intérieur du forfait de base, près de 60 pour cent des
répondants sont réceptifs à payer un supplément et seraient prêts à débourser
en moyenne 2,70 dollars pour ces deux services.
554 Ce
pourcentage est d'autant plus significatif que les répondants avaient été
avisés qu'ils recevaient actuellement ces services tout à fait gratuitement.
555 Quant
à la publicité maintenant, TQS demande au Conseil de maintenir la
réglementation du 12 minutes à l'heure pour la publicité traditionnelle puisque
nous sommes fort préoccupés des effets néfastes qu'entraînerait l'augmentation
des minutes d'inventaire, particulièrement dans le marché francophone où il y a
déjà surabondance d'inventaire.
556 Une
augmentation du nombre de minutes ne contribuerait d'ailleurs qu'à accroître
encore davantage la dominance dans notre marché d'un télédiffuseur
conventionnel donné au détriment des autres et contribuerait à faire chuter les
prix déjà peu élevés dans le marché francophone québécois par rapport au marché
anglophone canadien.
557 Actuellement,
trois facteurs affectent sérieusement le marché publicitaire dans le marché
francophone.
558 D'abord,
la perte potentielle d'une part importante des budgets publicitaires de la
télévision qui sont redirigés vers les nouveaux médias tels que l'Internet, les
cellulaires ou d'autres activités de commandite.
559 Puis
la capacité accrue des services spécialisés de pouvoir baisser leurs tarifs
compte tenu notamment de leur double source de financement.
560 Et
enfin, la croissance des ENP ou les DVR qui permettent aux téléspectateurs d'enregistrer
leurs émissions favorites et de sauter les publicités lors des visionnements.
561 Pour
contrer cette nouvelle réalité dans le monde de la publicité télévisuelle, TQS
demande au Conseil d'exclure de la réglementation le placement de produits
d'intégration commerciale.
562 Les
télédiffuseurs doivent avoir accès à toutes les sources de revenus possibles
pour continuer à offrir aux téléspectateurs une programmation de qualité et
diversifiée.
563 Sur
la question de la réglementation de la programmation prioritaire et les
exigences quant aux catégories d'émissions, TQS propose au Conseil d'éliminer
la réglementation afin de donner une plus grande flexibilité aux télédiffuseurs
conventionnels pour favoriser l'innovation et la créativité dans l'élaboration
et la planification de leur grille horaire.
564 Le
Conseil sait fort bien que dans le marché francophone les télédiffuseurs
conventionnels dépassent d'année en année les exigences du Conseil pour la programmation
canadienne.
565 D'une
saison à l'autre les productions canadiennes se retrouvent toujours très
majoritairement parmi les 20 émissions les plus regardées par les
téléspectateurs.
566 Concernant
l'obligation de diffuser en numérique par voie hertzienne, obligation qui
incombe actuellement aux titulaires de licences de télédiffuseurs
conventionnels, nous sommes d'avis qu'elle devrait être éliminée.
567 Nous
soumettons qu'il n'y aura, à toutes fins pratiques, que très peu de foyers qui
seront équipés dans l'avenir d'un téléviseur numérique sans être abonné ni au
câble ni au satellite.
568 Nous
sommes d'avis qu'il s'agirait pour la télévision conventionnelle d'un
investissement démesuré par rapport au nombre de foyers qui en bénéficieraient.
569 Enfin,
en ce qui a trait aux stations de télévision des petits marchés, nous sommes
d'avis que le Conseil doit s'assurer que les EDR satellites distribuent tous
les signaux de télévision régionaux.
570 En
effet, actuellement plusieurs stations locales et régionales ne sont pas
disponibles vis une EDR, ce qui entraîne des pertes importantes de revenus
publicitaires et affectent leur rentabilité alors que leurs obligations, elles,
ne diminuent pas.
571 En
terminant, je me permettrais de réitérer qu'il est impératif pour TQS que le
Conseil utilise cette audience publique pour corriger ce qui est devenu une
situation d'inéquité que doivent subir les télédiffuseurs conventionnels
privés.
572 Il
nous semble fondamental que tous les télédiffuseurs canadiens puissent se
concurrencer à armes égales en vue d'atteindre des résultats financiers qui
leur permettent de contribuer pleinement à l'atteinte des objectifs de la Loi
sur la radiodiffusion.
573 Nous
croyons aussi que les besoins particuliers du marché francophone prévus dans la
Loi sur la radiodiffusion doivent se traduire par des mesures concrètes et
rapidement implantées pour assurer au secteur francophone les moyens financiers
nécessaires à son développement.
574 Monsieur
le Président, mesdames et messieurs les Commissaires, ceci complète notre
présentation.
1140
575 LE
PRÉSIDENT: Merci, monsieur Guimond.
576 Dans
votre texte, vous revenez continuellement sur le fait que le système est
présentement inéquitable.
577 Pouvez‑vous
élaborer sur cette inéquité ? Est‑ce
que c'est une inéquité qui est historique ou c'est une inéquité qui est
récente ? Parce que le mot est
fort.
578 M.
GUIMOND: Oui.
579 Le
mot est fort et la situation est également, je pense, très critique, comme je
l'ai dit.
580 L'inéquité,
c'est historique, je pense qu'il n'y a personne qui a voulu mettre en place un
système qui est devenu inéquitable.
581 C'est
que depuis 1987, avec l'introduction des spécialisés qui eux se sont fait
donner d'entrée de jeu des droits de frais d'abonnement ainsi que de vendre de
la publicité, le nombre, premièrement, de canaux spécialisés a évolué, la
performance des spécialisés s'est accrue énormément.
582 Les
spécialisés ont également pris une part de marché de plus en plus importante.
583 Je
dirais qu'aujourd'hui, en 2006, lorsqu'on regarde la situation où nous, les
conventionnels, pendant toute cette période on avait accès aux seuls revenus de
publicité, aujourd'hui l'inéquité vient du fait que les spécialisés ont une
part de marché qui se rapproche de 35 pour cent aujourd'hui, ils sont très
efficaces au niveau de la vente de publicité.
584 Ils
sont vraiment très efficaces parce que si on regarde The Power Issue, The Power
Issue sont en ligne avec ce qu'ils devraient être.
585 Si
on ajoute à ça la puissance financière qu'ils ont à cause, justement, des
redevances qu'ils touchent, ça fait en sorte qu'au niveau du seul revenu que
nous avons, nous les conventionnels, à ce moment‑là eux peuvent nous
faire concurrence de façon très solide sur l'aspect publicitaire par voie de
meilleures négociations sur les tarifs que nous, on ne peut pas baisser nos
tarifs trop bas parce qu'on génère des inventaires et ces inventaires‑là
on en a besoin pour vivre.
586 Mais
je rajouterais à ça que les obligations que les conventionnels ont, donc, en
ayant une seule source de revenus, la publicité, qui elle s'effrite n'ayant pas
de revenus provenant des frais d'abonnement, je dirais que nos obligations,
elles, vont également en s'accroissant, c'est‑à‑dire que les frais
d'exploitation chez les conventionnels augmentent, on opère dans des régions,
on a des obligations de faire le passage à la haute définition et on en
conviendra que c'est beaucoup plus dispendieux pour un conventionnel avec des
opérations régionales qu'un spécialisé, donc il y a nettement, actuellement,
dans le système une inéquité au niveau des moyens pour faire face à la
situation actuelle.
587 LE
PRÉSIDENT: Dans votre présentation orale
aussi ce matin, vous dites que les services spécialisés ont commencé à diffuser
des émissions qui, normalement, devraient se retrouver ou auraient pu se
retrouver sur des télévisions conventionnelles augmentant ainsi la concurrence.
588 Pouvez‑vous
nous donner des exemples d'émissions qui se retrouvent aujourd'hui à la
télévision spécialisée et qui auraient dû se retrouver à la télévision
conventionnelle.
589 M.
GUIMOND: Je vais passer la parole à
monsieur Trépanier.
590 M.
TRÉPANIER : Monsieur Arpin,
mesdames, je pense que le principal produit qui est diffusé sur à peu près
toutes les chaînes spécialisées au Québec, c'est le cinéma.
591 TQS,
traditionnellement, s'était développée une niche où le cinéma avait, à la fois
de façon économique et de façon concurrentielle... s'était taillé une place
enviable en diffusant beaucoup de films à son écran depuis sa création il y a
20 ans ; et maintenant à peu près tous les spécialisés ont le droit de
diffuser du cinéma.
592 Est‑ce
que j'ai besoin de parler aussi de certains canaux spécialisés qui ont entre
autres une vocation pour parler de voyages et d'évasion et qui font du sport en
diffusant notamment Le Grand Prix Cyclisme de France ?
593 LE
PRÉSIDENT: Et vous auriez diffusé Le
Grand Prix Cyclisme ?
594 M.
TRÉPANIER: Le sport était une des
possibilités pour TQS, on a investi longtemps dans le hockey, on aurait pu
aussi être intéressé par le sport. On a
des émissions de sport qui fonctionnent très bien.
595 Je
pense que ce que monsieur Guimond soulignait tout à l'heure, c'est qu'on a de
la difficulté à se retrouver dans l'ensemble du paysage télévisuel actuel.
596 LE
PRÉSIDENT: Est‑ce que le
téléspectateur, lui, a de la difficulté à se retrouver ou si ce sont les
exploitants de la télévision hertzienne qui ont de la difficulté à se
retrouver ?
597 M.
TRÉPANIER: Je pense que sont les
nombreux changements de catégories qui donnent le résultat auquel on est
confronté en ce moment. A plusieurs
reprises les spécialisés qui ont obtenu les licences il y a quelques années
sont revenus devant le Conseil demander des modifications à leurs licences.
598 Le
Conseil a acquiescé et ça fait en sorte qu'aujourd'hui on trouve sur certains
spécialisés des produits qu, généralement se retrouvaient chez les
conventionnels.
599 LE
PRÉSIDENT: Et vous en avez mentionné
deux catégories.
600 Je
vais couvrir maintenant divers sujets, un peu comme on a fait avec Radio‑Canada
ce matin. Et je vais commencer par les
mesures réglementaires. Vous avez
d'ailleurs vous‑même mentionné qu'il y avait cinq mesures réglementaires
que vous voudriez qu'on revoie, et on va probablement découvrir les cinq au fur
et à mesure d'interrogatoires.
601 Vous
proposez que le Conseil élimine des conditions relatives à la programmation
prioritaire et des exigences, catégories d'émissions.
602 Or,
le nombre d'heures d'émissions prioritaires et dramatiques diffusées par les
chaînes conventionnelles francophones tend à diminuer depuis deux à trois
années.
603 Étant
donné que le cadre réglementaire qui sera décidé par le Conseil sera en place
fort probablement pour les sept prochaines années, comment, selon vous, le
Conseil peut‑il s'assurer que les
télédiffuseurs de langue française continueront d'offrir à leurs
téléspectateurs des émissions comprises dans ces émissions ?
604 M.
TRÉPANIER: Est‑ce que vous me
permettez, monsieur Arpin, de revenir sur votre question précédente avant de
compléter ? Parce que je cherchais
des notes.
605 LE
PRÉSIDENT: D'accord. Oui.
606 M.
TRÉPANIER: J'aimerais revenir sur les
modifications de licence qui ont été accordées à des chaînes spécialisées au
cours des dernières années. Je fais
rapidement.
607 En
2006, le canal VRAK a obtenu la permission d'augmenter leurs cibles d'audience
en rajoutant les 15‑17 ans.
TÉLÉTOON, en 2004, a obtenu un rajout des émissions liées à l'animation. Musimax, en 2004, a eu le rajout des
catégories * analyses et
interprétations +, * documentaires +, * mini séries +, * variétés +.
Canal Vie, en 2001, a obtenu un rajout des catégories * analyses et
interprétations +, * documentaires +, * jeux questionnaires +.
RDS, raout de la catégorie 7.
Évasion, en 2001, plusieurs catégories, notamment * analyses et
interprétations +, * documentaires +, * spécial +, * mini séries + * long métrages +, * cinéma +, * musique +, * danse +, * vidéoclips +, * variétés +. Ztélé, en 2001, rajout des
catégories * analyses et
interprétations +, * documentaires +, * interludes +.
Canal D, rajout des catégories, en 2001, * analyses et
interprétations +, * documentaires +, * infomerciaux +.
Historia, en 2001, rajout des catégories * analyses et
interprétations +, * documentaires +, * émissions éducatives et
préscolaires +.
LCN a obtenu un assouplissement pour pouvoir présenter son format de 15
minutes d'information. Et Séries+ rajout
des catégories * infomercial + et catégorie 7a.
608 LE
PRÉSIDENT: N'est‑ce pas qu'en
2001, c'est l'année où le Conseil a révisé l'ensemble de ses catégories et que
tous ces services‑là, évidemment, sont venus qualifier ce qu'ils
faisaient déjà ?
609 Parce
que vous me dites : * Canal D a ajouté des
documentaires en 2001 +, or Canal D, depuis le premier
jour, depuis son premier jour d'exploitation, diffusait du documentaire.
610 C'est
que l'année 2001 est une année charnière autant pour les spécialisés que pour
les télévisions hertziennes quant à la définition des catégories d'émissions.
611 M.
GUIMOND: Monsieur le Commissaire,
honnêtement, la réponse qu'on vient de donner n'est pas une critique des
décisions que la Commission a prises.
612 LE
PRÉSIDENT: Et pas plus une critique des
demandes que les exploitants ont déposées.
613 M.
GUIMOND: Pas du tout. Pas du tout.
Ce qu'on fait simplement souligner, c'est qu'on essaie d'expliquer la
performance accrue qu'ils ont et c'est très bien ainsi. Et nous, ce qu'on dit, honnêtement, c'est
qu'on est prêt à concurrencer avec nos concurrents, mais on veut le faire
vraiment à armes égales. C'est aussi
simple.
614 Ce
qu'on voulait faire, c'est d'essayer de montrer pourquoi et expliquer pourquoi
les canaux spécialisés prennent du marché d'année en année et ce n'est pas
nécessairement par une contre‑performance des canaux conventionnels, mais
plutôt par une très bonne performance des canaux spécialisés qui ont plus de
moyens qu'ils en avaient de par une programmation plus large qu'ils avaient
auparavant.
615 LE
PRÉSIDENT: Si je reviens maintenant à la
question que j'ai posée concernant les émissions prioritaires. Vous nous demandiez une relaxation de ce côté‑là,
et moi je vous disais compte tenu que la nouvelle politique devrait avoir une
vie de probablement sept ans, la durée régulière des licences de
radiodiffusion, je me demandais comment est‑ce que le Conseil pouvait
s'assurer que les télédiffuseurs de langue française continueront d'offrir à
leurs téléspectateurs des émissions comprises dans ces émissions prioritaires.
616 Est‑ce
que vous pouvez nous aider à éclairer notre lanterne ?
617 Ou
du moins l'allumer parce que l'éclairer ça ne donnera pas grand‑chose.
‑‑‑ Laughters /
Rires
618 M.
TRÉPANIER: Pour nous, monsieur Arpin,
présenter des émissions prioritaires, ça consiste en un effort constant.
619 Moi,
je fais de la programmation, je compose une grille de programmation et quand on
doit régulièrement, en cours de saison, préparer une grille de programmation,
on travaille à partir des exigences du cadre réglementaire dans lequel on
évolue et une de ces exigences‑là est que, pour TQS, de présenter en
période de pointe, cinq heures point cinq d'heures prioritaires.
620 Alors,
on place nos heures prioritaires, on place des émissions qui correspondent à
ces définitions‑là et par après on essaie de composer une grille de
programmation qui tient compte évidemment de la compétition et de l'offre qui
est faite au Québec et de présenter des émissions qui sont compétitives, fortes
et qui plaisent au grand public.
621 En
ce moment, c'es plus difficile compte tenu de l'offre à laquelle je faisais
référence tout à l'heure qui est extrêmement importante, il y a à peu près 30
écrans de télévision francophone au Québec qui constituent cette offre‑là,
et si on veut se distinguer, si on veut réussir à se démarquer à travers
l'offre, il faut arriver avec une proposition distinctive, intéressante et,
encore une fois, qui va plaire au grand public.
622 On
a des contraintes qui sont au‑delà des émissions prioritaires. Je vais rapidement passer à travers une liste
qu'on a préparée pour vous montrer à quel point ce n'est pas nécessairement
facile de faire le boulot qu'on fait et d'arriver à maintenir les parts de
marché dans le contexte extrêmement compétitif dans lequel on est qui sont en
ce moment un petit peu plus élevées que 14 pour cent, c'est‑à‑dire
qu'on est deuxième dans le marché francophone au Québec.
623 Il
faut, bien sûr, tenir compte des contenus canadiens.
624 Il
faut octroyer un minimum de 4 millions de dollars par année à la production
indépendante, sur la durée totale de notre licence 40 millions de dollars sur
sept ans.
625 Dépenser
annuellement 120 000 dollars en développement d'émissions avec les
producteurs indépendants.
626 Allouer
un montant de 6 798 000 dollars, soit près de 92 pour cent de
l'enveloppe d'avantages tangibles pour une période de six ans, encore une fois
avec les producteurs indépendants.
627 On
doit tenir compte des heures de contenu canadien qui sont calculées en pointes
et les heures prioritaires qui ne correspondent pas. Les heures de contenu canadien sont de
18 h 00 à minuit ; les heures prioritaires sont de
19 h 00 à 23 h 00.
628 Ces
plages‑là, à notre avis, n'ont plus cette raison d'exister compte tenu
notamment du fait que les PVR, les nouvelles manières d'enregistrer ou de
prendre possession des émissions qui sont diffusées sur des antennes
généralistes comme la nôtre, peuvent être écoutées sur Internet, sur iPod ou
avec PVR à n'importe quel moment du jour ou de la nuit, au moment où les
téléspectateurs choisissent de les visionner, ces émissions‑là.
629 A
notre avis, c'est une des raisons pour lesquelles ça n'a plus sa raison d'être,
cette tranche horaire d'émissions prioritaires parce que les gens vont
consommer de plus en plus au moment où ça va leur convenir.
630 Il
y a des émissions qu'on présente qui ont beaucoup de succès. Il y a des émissions qu'on diffuse que le
grand public suit avec beaucoup d'intérêt et qui ne cadrent pas avec le
définitions d'émissions prioritaires. Je
pense à des émissions comme * Flash +, * Loft Story +, * Donner au suivant + qui est une émission qui préconise
la bonté et la générosité des uns envers les autres. Cette émission‑là ne cadre pas avec la
définition d'heures prioritaires.
631 Les
longues entrevues de Jean‑Luc Mongrain avec les gens qui font l'actualité
non plus.
632 Mais
par ailleurs, une émission comme * Sexy cam +, qui est une émission de caméra
cachée légère dans son contenu et dans son format, cadre, elle, avec la
définition d'heures prioritaires.
633 On
doit diffuser aussi, dans nos engagements auprès du Conseil, des émissions pour
des jeunes d'âge préscolaire, 52 émissions par année, et 52 émissions de 60
minutes pour les jeunes ados.
634 On
pense que les canaux spécialisés remplissent très bien ce mandat et que cette
exigence‑là pourrait, lors du renouvellement de licence l'an prochain,
être remise sur la table.
635 On
a besoin de flexibilité. On a besoin de
flexibilité pour être capables d'être plus, encore une fois, stratégiques et
compétitifs avec l'offre qui est faite au Québec.
636 Les
téléspectateurs, encore une fois, ont le choix d'écouter quand bon leur semble
les émissions maintenant et on pense que ça pourrait être une avenue que de
leur laisser ce choix‑là.
637 Vous
parliez des émissions prioritaires. Je
vais vous parler aussi des émissions de contenu canadien.
638 Pour
nous, enfin pour le Québec, pour la télévision au Québec, les émissions
produites au Québec se retrouvent en tête de liste des émissions les plus
écoutées.
639 Les
francophones du Québec apprécient leurs téléromans, leurs dramatiques, leurs
comédies de situations, leurs émissions d'information.
640 C'est
pour ça qu'en moyenne, au cours des dernières années, 19 émissions sur 20 se
retrouvent en tête de liste des émissions les plus écoutées et ce sont des
émissions produites par les diffuseurs ou les producteurs indépendants du
Québec et qui sont diffusées au Québec, bien sûr.
641 Même
chose pour TQS. En ce moment, dans notre
grille horaire, les sept émissions sur les dix émissions les plus écoutées dans
notre grille sont des émissions produites de contenu canadien, donc des
émissions qui sont produites pour notre chaîne et qui font en sorte qu'on a le
succès que l'on a en ce moment.
642 Je
vous ai fait une longue liste de contraintes avec lesquelles on doit composer
quand vient le temps de faire une grille de programmation. Toutes ces contraintes‑là font un peu,
pour des gens comme moi qui travaillons en programmation comme si on demandait
à un artiste peintre de réaliser une oeuvre originale, mais qu'en réalité sur
son chevalet il avait une toile, qu'on lui disait quelles sont les couleurs
qu'il doit mettre sur cette toile et qu'en plus il y ait des numéros à
compléter.
643 LE
PRÉSIDENT: Je comprends bien un peu la
nature du renouvellement que vous nous présenterez l'année prochaine.
‑‑‑ Laughters /
Rires
644 LE
PRÉSIDENT: Si on peut s'en tenir peut‑être
d'une manière plus spécifique à notre projet d'aujourd'hui qui est une révision
de la politique, vous avez fait état un peu plus tôt du volume d'émissions pour
enfants et adolescents que vous avez à produire.
645 Croyez‑vous
que le Conseil devrait les inclure dans les émissions dites prioritaires, les
émissions pour enfants ? Ça
pourrait peut‑être alléger votre fardeau, quoique administrativement vous
auriez encore à tenir compte de règles ?
646 M.
TRÉPANIER: Je comprends très bien votre
question, monsieur Arpin. Mon
raisonnement, il va dans un autre sens.
647 Est‑ce
que c'est vraiment utile pour une antenne comme TQS de dépenser obligatoirement
de l'argent pour ce type de produit là alors que deux chaînes spécialisées
proposent ou ont comme clientèle première soit des jeunes d'âge préscolaire ou
encore des jeunes adolescents.
648 C'est
plus dans ce sens‑là que je remets cette question‑là sur la
table. Et bien sûr nous aurons un rendez‑vous
incontournable l'an prochain.
649 Mon
but aujourd'hui, c'est simplement de vous faire part des contraintes avec
lesquelles on doit composer, que le milieu change au Québec, que la compétition
est extrêmement vive et que, à mon avis, vous devez aussi tenir compte de ces contraintes‑là.
650 LE
PRÉSIDENT: Parfait. Ça je pense que c'est bien inscrit.
651 L'APFTQ
d'une part, l'UDA et la SARTEC d'autre part font état du déclin de l'écoute des
dramatiques à l'antenne des diffuseurs de langue française qui aurait des
incidences sur le volume et le financement qui sont alloués.
652 Pour
contrer ce phénomène, l'UDA et la SARTEC proposent d'établir des exigences
reliées à un nombre d'heures requis pour la présentation d'émissions
prioritaires originales ainsi que des dramatiques originales.
653 Avez‑vous
une opinion sur le point de vue de l'UDA et SARTEC ?
654 M.
TRÉPANIER: Bien sûr.
655 LE
PRÉSIDENT: Je m'en doutais.
656 M.
TRÉPANIER: Monsieur Arpin, on trouve que
notre démarche aujourd'hui va dans le sens d'assouplir les règles avec
lesquelles on doit composer pour faire le métier qu'on fait ou proposer une
télévision différente aux Québécois.
657 Arriver
avec des quotas comme ceux que les professionnels de la production indépendante
ou la SARTEC proposent, ça nous paraît un peu exagéré.
658 Historiquement
TQS a toujours travaillé avec les producteurs indépendants. Ça fait 20 ans cette année que l'antenne
existe, ça fait 20 ans que les producteurs indépendants ont abondamment accès à
la production grâce à TQS et loin de nous l'idée de faire autrement que ce que
l'histoire des 20 dernières années a tracé pour nous.
659 D'ailleurs
nous avons, comme condition de licence, je l'ai souligné tout à l'heure, des
engagements financiers à respecter et chaque année, entre autres au cours des
quatre dernières années, nous avons dépassé de plusieurs millions de dollars
ces engagements que nous avons pour la production indépendante.
660 Ce
qui nous intéresserait, c'est de faire davantage d'émissions dramatiques. Vous en avez fait un peu écho. On voudrait en faire davantage parce qu'on
sait que ça fait partie de la solution.
661 On
n'est pas aveugles au point de ne pas voir quels sont les succès de la
concurrence qui diffuse des émissions dramatiques, des émissions qui sont
produites par des producteurs indépendants et qui sont écrites et inspirées par
des auteurs ou des gens qui savent très bien refléter la réalité québécoise sur
les différentes antennes au Québec.
662 Notre
problème, c'est de financer ces émissions‑là. Notre problème, c'est notre manque de
capacité pour aller au bout des choses.
663 TQS
a été l'instigateur de plusieurs séries dramatiques en développement. Je faisais allusion tout à l'heure aux
engagements qu'on a auprès de la production indépendante pour développer des
séries, je vais vous en nommer quelques‑unes.
664 On
a développé * Covergirls + qui a été diffusée par Radio‑Canada. On a développé * Les Invincibles + qui est diffusée et qui le sera
encore cet hiver par Radio‑Canada.
On a développé * Le Monde de Charlotte + qui est diffusée par Radio‑Canada.
665 * CA + qui a été développée par la SEC qui
n'était pas très sûre d'aller en production, alors les producteurs sont venus
nous voir, on s'est engagés à développer avec eux, finalement ils sont
retournés à Radio‑Canada, c'est Radio‑Canada qui l'a diffusée.
666 * Lance et compte + est revenue à l'antenne de TQS en
2002, essoufflés on a dû laisser aller cette production‑là à TVA l'année
suivante.
667 On
a développé la série * Le Négociateur + qui est présentement diffusée avec
grand succès par TVA.
668 On
a développé une série qui s'appelle * Les Phylactères Colocs + que Télé‑Québec a diffusée.
669 Je
vous mentionne ça parce que je pense qu'on sait identifier des filons, je pense
qu'on est aux aguets des intérêts ou des centres d'intérêts des téléspectateurs
québécois.
670 Malheureusement,
c'est toujours faute de moyens qu'on ne peut pas aller plus loin dans la
production de ces séries‑là.
671 LE
PRÉSIDENT: Est‑ce que c'est par le
biais d'une redevance d'abonnement que vous corrigeriez ces problèmes‑là
ou ce serait en laissant tomber les émissions prioritaires ou en ayant une
restructuration de la grille qui serait moins contraignante qui vous
permettrait d'explorer ces opportunités et de les continuer ?
672 M.
GUIMOND: Je pense, Monsieur le
Président, c'est une combinaison des deux.
673 On
pense vraiment que si on avait les tarifs d'abonnement on pourrait être en
mesure de sûrement produire plus de contenu du type des dramatiques, par
exemple.
674 Mais
également je pense que c'est une remise à niveau, on a besoin également, comme
Louis le disait tantôt, de flexibilité.
Il faut absolument qu'on arrive avec moins de contraintes au niveau de
la planification de notre grille.
675 Ce
qu'on disait tantôt, dans le fond, c'est que nous, si on pouvait, le contenu
canadien, il y en aurait 100 pour cent chez nous au Québec.
676 On
sait que les gens veulent du contenu canadien.
C'est le contenu canadien qui fonctionne.
677 Ultimement,
moi, si on pouvait me dire : * René, tu as assez d'argent, fais tes planifications puis tu vas
avoir 100 pour cent de contenu canadien + on nagerait dans le bonheur,
honnêtement.
678 Alors,
je pense que notre intention est là, notre intention c'est de pouvoir continuer
à le faire et à mieux le faire et le revenu d'abonnement pour nous est une de
ces conditions‑là fondamentales.
679 La
preuve est faite qu'au cours des dernières années on n'a pas pu y arriver,
Louis vous a donné la nomenclature des productions qu'on n'a pas pu mener à
terme faute de manque de moyens, malgré nos 14, 15 pour cent et 13 pour cent de
parts de marché.
680 LE
PRÉSIDENT: L'APFTQ, dans son mémoire,
propose que par condition de licence que les télévisions conventionnelles de
langue française consacrent un pourcentage de leurs revenus à la production
indépendante.
681 Vous
avez dit que, effectivement, vous faisiez beaucoup affaire avec la production
indépendante, est‑ce que vous croyez qu'un pourcentage des revenus, ce
qui était d'ailleurs la politique pré‑1999, devrait être repris en compte
par le Conseil ?
682 M.
GUIMOND: Nous, on pense qu'au niveau de
la production indépendante, qu'un pourcentage des revenus serait une mesure
excessive.
683 De
notre côté, je repasserai la parole avec Louis qui a des informations plus
précises à vous donner sur les investissements qu'on a faits avec la production
indépendante au fil des ans, mais pour nous, on sait que ce qui s'en vient
demain avec la production indépendante et avec la production en général, avec
les défis qu'on a sur l'ensemble des nouvelles plateformes, que l'aspect de la
créativité des émissions et le contenu est fondamental.
684 Maintenant,
on aura beau, nous, vouloir dire : * On veut contrôler au maximum
les contenus pour toutes sortes de raisons, évidemment, de droit, et
caetera +, sauf qu'on sait très bien que la
solution est également dans la qualité du produit créatif. Il faut que le consommateur en veuille, des
produits.
685 On
ne pourra jamais, nous, bâtir des structures chez nous par lesquelles
structures on va prétendre pouvoir bâtir 100 pour cent de notre contenu. C'est impossible.
686 On
aura besoin toujours des producteurs indépendants parce qu'eux également sont
en contrôle d'un très fort pourcentage du pouvoir créatif.
687 Alors,
c'est une dimension très importante.
688 Louis,
peut‑être que tu pourrais donner les chiffres.
689 LE
PRÉSIDENT: Je pense qu'on n'est pas en
train de faire votre renouvellement et je voudrais que vous gardiez des
munitions pour cet aspect‑là. Je
suis encore sur ma première page et j'ai 54 questions.
‑‑‑ Rires /
Laughter
690 LE
PRÉSIDENT: Donc, Québecor estime que les
exigences en matière de quantité de productions indépendantes ne devraient plus
exister dans le marché francophone.
691 Aviez‑vous
une opinion sur cette question parce que je vois que TQS fait beaucoup appel à
la production indépendante?
692 Outre
peut‑être l'information et les affaires publiques, je crois que la
majeure... que votre grille, elle est essentiellement faite par les
producteurs... produite par les producteurs indépendants.
693 Alors,
Québecor dans son mémoire, lui, suggère effectivement qu'il y a plus
d'émissions qui soient la responsabilité du télédiffuseur. Est‑ce que...
694 M.
GUIMOND: Nous, on comprend très bien la
démarche de Québecor et sa logique et on ne veut pas la critiquer. Cependant, notre intention est vraiment de
continuer à faire affaires avec des producteurs indépendants, pour la raison
que je viens de vous exprimer.
695 C'est
que l'on considère vraiment que le contenu créatif va être la clé du succès
pour demain, particulièrement avec l'ensemble des nouvelles plate‑formes. Sauf qu'il est certain que pour arriver à
faire affaires avec des producteurs indépendants, il va falloir qu'on s'assoit
avec eux ‑‑ on a un rendez‑vous avez les producteurs
indépendants.
696 Moi,
en tout cas, je n'ai pas eu de meeting beaucoup beaucoup avec eux à date, notre
entreprise. On devrait nous aussi
s'asseoir avec les producteurs indépendants pour faire une entente de voir
qui... dans quelle dynamique d'affaire on va pouvoir faire affaires dans le
futur au niveau des productions et particulièrement au niveau des droits
d'utilisation des produits sur l'ensemble des plate‑formes.
697 Nous,
on est ouvert à discuter et on sait qu'au Québec, les télédiffuseurs vont demeurer
à cause de la grandeur du marché et des coûts de production, que les
télédiffuseurs vont demeurer au centre.
698 On
devient... on va demeurer incontournable pour faire des grandes productions, on
le sait ça, mais on est prêt à s'asseoir, nous, vraiment, puis à faire une
bonne entente d'affaires solide, bonne pour l'ensemble des parties. On reconnaît qu'ils ont des droits, qu'ils
ont le droit également de tirer des profits, on reconnaît ça, mais on a un
rendez‑vous.
699 LE
PRÉSIDENT: Et ce rendez‑vous,
parce qu'on a appris ce matin que Radio‑Canada avait quand même déjà
amorcé des discussions avec les... avec les producteurs indépendants via
l'APFTQ. Ça a été porté à ma
connaissance aussi récemment que l'APFTQ avait elle‑même commencé à
développer un cadre de références pour des discussions?
700 Je
pense que ce cadre de références‑là a été... je ne veux pas entrer dans
la discussion du cadre de références, là, parce que ce n'est pas l'objet de
l'audience, mais il a été quand même relativement et largement distribué pour
amorcer un dialogue.
701 Mais
comme vous dites, en ce qui regarde TQS, ça demeure théorique. Ce n'est pas encore enclenché?
702 M.
GUIMOND: Je ne sais pas où en est rendu
Radio‑Canada. Je ne sais pas où en
est rendu TVA. Je sais qu'ils ont eu des
discussions.
703 Nous,
on a eu des conversations très préliminaires à date. Mais ce que je vous dis simplement, puis je
le réitère, il ne faudrait pas que Radio‑Canada se commette en notre nom.
704 Je
pense qu'on est et on restera, nous, des instigateurs importants des
productions majeures au Québec et que la télévision conventionnelle va demeurer
un joueur très important dans cette dynamique‑là et ce qu'on signifie
ici, peut‑être qu'il y aurait lieu que les diffuseurs, on s'assoit
ensemble également, à la même table, avec les producteurs indépendants pour une
fois pour toutes tabler les enjeux et arriver à un règlement qui est bon pour
l'ensemble des intervenants.
705 LE
PRÉSIDENT: Et un de ces enjeux‑là,
c'est les droits ancillaires aux programmes, aux émissions qui sont produites
par eux et qui sont éventuellement diffusés par TQS.
706 M.
GUIMOND: Absolument, et je le répète. Nous, on est fort conscients du fait qu'on va
devoir faire affaires avec les producteurs indépendants, ils sont fondamentaux,
ils sont très importants.
707 Maintenant,
si on... je veux quand même dire qu'on n'abandonne pas l'idée nous‑mêmes
de produire... de faire certaines productions parce que le contrôle des droits
de demain est également très important, mais au niveau de la proportion, c'est
certain qu'on ne vise pas de produire 100 pour cent nous‑mêmes. Ça serait utopique de penser ça.
708 LE
PRÉSIDENT: Est‑ce que vous avez
une idée du pourcentage que vous aimeriez produire vous‑mêmes?
709 M.
GUIMOND: On n'a pas... on n'a pas encore
statué là‑dessus. Évidemment que
les négociations et le style d'entente qu'on pourrait avoir avec les
producteurs indépendants va être déterminant dans l'établissement de notre
niveau d'agressivité pour vouloir à tout prix produire nous‑mêmes.
710 On
est convaincu qu'on va pouvoir s'entendre avec eux et qu'il y aura un
pourcentage à ce moment‑là important de notre chiffre d'affaires qui ira
toujours à la production indépendant.
711 LE
PRÉSIDENT: Est‑ce que vous avez
pensé à des modèles d'intégration avec les producteurs indépendants?
712 Je
comprends que le régime réglementaire actuellement en place n'est peut‑être
pas un régime qui favoriserait ça, mais est‑ce que c'est une option qui
mérite d'être examinée?
713 M.
GUIMOND: On est ouvert à examiner toutes
les options, honnêtement. On n'est pas
fermé à aucune possibilité pour le moment.
714 LE
PRÉSIDENT: Vous avez écrit dans votre
mémoire en parlant d'avantages tangibles que découlant de toute transaction,
que le maximum des investissements en matière d'avantages devrait être attribué
au développement de projet émergents et à la production de programmation
canadienne.
715 D'ailleurs,
par *projets émergents+, qu'est‑ce que vous entendez
exactement?
716 M.
GUIMOND: Bien, des projets qui vont
aller dans le sens des développements technologiques et des nouvelles plate‑formes
et ce qu'on veut et ce qu'on recommande essentiellement, c'est que les argents
qu'on a comme avantage tangible à verser, il faut qu'ils aillent sur le
contenu.
717 Les
défis de demain sont sur le contenu.
Maintenant, que ce soit pour le développement de processus créatif, que
ce soit pour des développements de nouvelles façons de faire, pour les
nouvelles plate‑formes, peu importe, l'important pour nous c'est que ça
aille sur le produit que les consommateurs seront appelées à acheter demain ou
à consommer demain.
718 LE
PRÉSIDENT: Et pas nécessairement des
produits qui sont diffusés à l'antenne.
Si je vous entends parler de nouvelles plate‑formes, ça peut être
sous forme de mobisodes, de truc de cette nature‑là. C'est ça que vous voulez dire?
719 M.
GUIMOND: Absolument, absolument. C'est des nouvelles plate‑formes, que
ce soit au niveau de, bon, l'internet, la téléphonie du sans‑fil, peu
importe, le Ipod. Enfin, c'est
d'aller... d'aller investir des sommes de développement des différents produits
ou des différentes techniques de production dans ces secteurs‑là.
720 LE
PRÉSIDENT: Et s'il y a un déplacement,
effectivement, de ces sommes qui vous restent encore à verser, quel sera
l'impact sur votre grille actuelle de programmation puisque déjà vous êtes...
vous dites vous‑même que vous manquez de moyens financiers pour aller
bien au... pour poursuivre des projets.
721 Vous
en avez donné toute une série de projets qui ont été finalement diffusés par
d'autres antennes ou même des projets que vous avez même mis à l'antenne et que
vous n'avez pas pu continuer.
722 Si
on enlève encore des sommes de cette... qui devraient être dévolues à des
productions de l'antenne, qu'est‑ce que ça va avoir comme impact sur
votre modèle? Si on suit votre logique
là que ça irait... que les argents vont à des projets émergents?
723 M.
TRÉPANIER: On irait, monsieur Arpin,
dans le sens de ce que l'on fait en ce moment, sauf qu'on améliorerait
probablement la qualité et on améliorerait l'offre télévisuel que l'on fait en
ce moment.
724 En
ce moment, on est, comme le disait monsieur Guimond tout à l'heure, à 14 parts
de marché. On est... on propose 5.5
heures d'émissions prioritaires par semaine.
On vous dit que nous croyons beaucoup dans les contenus canadiens et que
ça fait partie de la solution dans l'offre télévisuelle québécoise.
725 C'est
donc dans ce genre de produit que nous souhaiterions investir davantage. Aller avec des séries mi‑lourdes, y
aller selon les moyens que l'on pourrait avoir, mais pour nous, définitivement
c'est... ce sont les revenus ou ce sont de nouveaux revenus qui nous
permettraient d'investir davantage dans la qualité de la grille de diffusion de
TQS.
726 LE
PRÉSIDENT: On va parler maintenant un
peu de publicité. Alors, dans votre
mémoire, vous dites que... et dans votre présentation d'ailleurs de ce matin,
que le Conseil devrait maintenir le plafond des minutes horaire à 12 à l'heure,
à 12, de façon à ce qu'il puisse y avoir une répartition équitable d'assiette
publicitaire et, aussi, de façon à maintenir une pression à la hausse sur les
tarifs.
727 Et
on constate qu'au Québec, c'est affirmé depuis de nombreuses années par les
divers intervenants, que les tarifs publicitaires sont sous‑évalués dans
le marché francophone, comparativement au marché anglophone.
728 Or,
particulièrement à la lumière de la décision récente de TVA de réduire ses
tarifs, pouvez‑vous nous expliquer comment le maintien du 12 minutes à
l'heure de disponibilité publicitaire pourrait aider à exercer une pression à
la hausse?
729 M.
GUIMOND: Je vais demander à monsieur
Meunier de répondre à cette question.
730 M.
MEUNIER: Monsieur le président, nous, on
pense que ça va diminuer la valeur du temps d'antenne au Québec si on enlève la
limite de 12 minutes.
731 Avec
votre permission, je voudrais illustrer un peu qu'est‑ce qui se passe
dans les marchés canadiens présentement.
732 Ce
qu'on vend, nous, c'est des unités qu'on appelle des *PEB+ ou en anglais
"GRPs". Ces unités‑là
sont vendues présentement dans le marché de Montréal francophone à 225,00 $ de
l'heure par rapport à un marché environ semblable au point de vue de population
comme Vancouver qui est à 425,00 $ et le marché de Toronto qui est beaucoup
plus grand, mais quand même qui se transige présentement à 850,00 $.
Donc, des prix beaucoup plus élevés.
733 Et
nous on est dans un marché comme la plupart des industries d'offre et de
demande. Quand on regarde l'offre de ces
marchés‑là, c'est là qu'on constate la différence.
734 Dans
le marché de Montréal francophone, les trois généralistes conventionnels
génèrent à toutes les semaines environ 37 000 unités ou PEB. Dans le marché de Vancouver, on parle
d'environ 24 000 PEBs et dans le marché de Toronto, 19 000. Donc, une offre beaucoup plus grande dans le
marché francophone que dans les autres marchés canadiens.
735 Et,
nous, on ne voit pas qu'il y a plus d'annonceurs qui vont vouloir faire ce
qu'on appelle la publicité traditionnelle dans l'avenir au Québec que dans les
autres marchés canadiens, donc une pression à la baisse des tarifs.
736 LE
PRÉSIDENT: Pourtant, il n'y a pas plus
de télédiffuseurs... enfin, il y a moins de télédiffuseurs à Montréal qu'il
peut y en avoir à Toronto parce que si je me réfère... je me réfère à votre
mémoire à la page 14, vous avez un tableau qui s'appelle *Inventaire disponible à l'achat
sélectif+ où effectivement on fait état de
Montréal avec 37 000 PEBs et Toronto avec 10 000 PEBs.
737 Pourtant,
en terme d'inventaire il y a beaucoup... premièrement il y a beaucoup plus de
stations de télévision, donc il y a plus d'inventaire disponible, mais il y a
moins de PEB.
738 M.
MEUNIER: Eh! oui. Il y a deux facteurs...
739 LE
PRÉSIDENT: Et vous arrivez à l'établir
comment? Sur la base des parts de
marché, évidemment la concurrence des stations étrangères à Toronto fait en
sorte qu'il y a moins de PEBs disponibles.
740 M.
MEUNIER: Effectivement, il y a deux
raisons. Vous venez d'en mentionner
une. Ensuite, il y a le fait que les
francophones écoutent beaucoup plus de télévision que les anglophones.
741 La
moyenne au Québec...
742 LE
PRÉSIDENT: Vous êtes pénalisé par votre
succès.
743 M.
MEUNIER: Exact, mais c'est ça, un
peu. Plutôt pas assez d'annonceurs pour
acheter tous les PEBs.
744 M.
GUIMOND: Mais juste en complément de
réponse aussi, je pense qu'il y a un autre élément quand on parle du 12 minutes et il ne faut
pas oublier qu'on a déjà un incitatif au Québec à la dramatique où on peut
aller à 14 minutes à l'heure. Ça existe
déjà ça.
745 Et
juste sur le point maintenant des PEBs, bien il est certain que la dernière
chose que le marché a besoin actuellement, c'est de créer plus de PEBs
premièrement ou plus d'offres... c'est‑à‑dire d'offrir plus
d'inventaire.
746 On
a déjà trop d'offre pour ce qui est de la demande et une telle mesure de
dérèglementer le 12 minutes créerait un nombre supplémentaires de 30 secondes
de disponibles dans les périodes de pointe.
747 Alors,
qu'on me dise, moi, qu'on couperait peut‑être à six minutes en après‑midi,
occasionnellement, puis qu'on mettrait... que le nombre de minutes totales resterait
le même, ce n'est pas ça qui est important.
L'important, c'est le nombre de PEBS que génère chacune de ces émissions‑là.
748 Alors,
s'il y a une émission qui génère deux PEBs l'après‑midi, on passe à six
minutes à l'heure, mais qu'on a rajoute trois minutes de publicité dans une
émission qui en génère 20 ou 25 PEBS le soir, l'impact est dramatique au niveau
de l'offre qui devient encore beaucoup trop grand par rapport à la demande.
749 Et
incidemment, une chose qu'il faut dire aussi, c'est que les prévisions, on voit
les tendances actuelles et les annonceurs demandent de moins en moins ou ont
tendance à vouloir demander... en tout cas, on aura peut‑être une
stagnation. On espère que ça ne sera pas
une décroissance, mais de la demande du 30 secondes.
750 Les
annonceurs ont tendance... auront tendance à aller dans le futur beaucoup plus
vers l'insertion de publicité, d'aller vers les nouvelles plate‑formes,
d'aller vers l'internet. On le sait, les
tendances sont là. Donc, ça serait,
d'après nous, aller à contre‑courant, particulièrement dans le marché du
Québec.
751 LE
PRÉSIDENT: Et vous donc préconisez le
maintien du 12 minutes à l'heure.
Cependant, vous dites que vous demandez de dérèglementer le placement de
produit et l'intégration commerciale en nous disant qu'il ne devrait pas être
compté à l'intérieur du 12 minutes.
752 Première
question qui me vient : ce n'est pas une façon indirecte de diminuer le nombre
de PEBs que de compter les éléments d'intégration commerciale dans... comme
étant du temps... du temps d'antenne inclus dans le 12 minutes?
753 M.
MEUNIER: Bien, c'est plutôt de suivre la
tendance de nos clients ou des clients qui recherchent de plus en plus une
façon de s'afficher à l'intérieur des émissions.
754 Et
une des raisons, c'est évident, c'est l'avènement du ENP ou PVR‑DVR qui
fait que c'est très facile pour les téléspectateurs d'écouter en différé les
émissions et, par conséquent, l'autre caractéristique, évidemment, de sauter
les publicités.
755 Donc,
c'est une pression du marché des annonceurs qui demandent de plus en plus une
façon de s'afficher sur nos télévisions ou sur la télévision conventionnelle.
756 LE
PRÉSIDENT: Si on regarde sur une
échéance à moyen terme, disons 3‑5 ans, ça pourrait représenter quelle
sorte de revenu pour TQS, les revenus d'intégration commerciale?
757 M.
MEUNIER: Bien, les revenus d'intégration
vont ‑‑ comment je pourrais dire ‑‑ diminuer
l'impact de la perte de revenu en publicité traditionnelle.
758 Ce
qu'on sait, c'est que présentement le taux de pénétration des ENP est d'environ
de cinq à dix pour cent et ça, ça va s'accélérer dans les cinq à sept prochaines
années à environ 60 pour cent.
759 Donc,
pour nous, c'est de ralentir l'exode des dollars vers soit d'autres plate‑formes
parce que les annonceurs regardent d'autres façon de s'afficher, pardon, donc
sans intégration, il y a également des budgets publicitaires qui vont
disparaître, en ce sens qu'il y a plusieurs clients que si on ne fait pas
d'intégration, n'achèteront pas de publicité traditionnelle.
760 Alors,
ce qu'on voit, c'est que d'ici les cinq à sept prochaines années, le marché va
diminuer d'environ 18 pour cent pour de la publicité traditionnelle. Donc, encore là, beaucoup plus d'importance
sur le fait de pouvoir avoir la flexibilité au niveau de l'intégration de
produit.
761 LE
PRÉSIDENT: Vendredi dernier j'assistais
à un séminaire à Montréal où il y avait un représentant de l'Association
canadienne des annonceurs qui disait que les annonceurs canadiens vont toujours
demeurer intéressés par des grands agrégats de téléspectateurs et ces grands
agrégats‑là sont toujours... sont présentement fournis par les
télévisions conventionnelles et personne ne présume qu'ils ne le seront pas
dans le futur.
762 Or,
ma question : est‑ce que, effectivement, avez‑vous mesuré l'impact
en terme de revenu de ces autres sources de revenus‑là?
763 Parce
que vous me dites que le PVR va faire probablement diminuer la valeur du
message traditionnel.
764 Ceci
étant dit, les annonceurs disent, non, on a besoin du message traditionnel, on
a besoin des grands agrégats d'auditoire parce qu'on veut encore demeurer dans
le message traditionnel.
765 M.
GUIMOND: Monsieur Arpin, cette dimension‑là
au niveau de l'impact des PVR d'abord, il faudrait dire que lorsque la
pénétration atteindra 60, 65 pour cent puis on disait tantôt, on parle
aujourd'hui pas pour aujourd'hui seulement, mais on parle pour les sept
prochaines années peut‑être et qu'il y aura un impact majeur sur la
valeur réelle des publicités que nous mettrons en onde en temps réel.
766 Ce
qui veut dire que lorsqu'on va vendre à un client, disons, une unité de 100 au
niveau de la valeur, bien, lui, il va sûrement vouloir... il va sûrement
vouloir nous donner les statistiques de pénétration des PVR et il aura sûrement
figuré combien de gens enregistrent et combien de gens parmi ceux qui
enregistrent sautent les pubs.
767 Et
le pourcentage, on a dans notre modèle financier, peut‑être qu'on en
reparlera tantôt, mais il y a un pourcentage assez important donc d'escompte ou
de la valeur de nos PEBs, nos PEBS vont diminuer, ce qui aura un impact majeur
sur nos revenus.
768 Et
bien sûr que les grands ensembles resteront.
On est convaincu, nous, qu'on est là pour rester et on est là pour...
encore aujourd'hui on livre... les conventionnels privés québécois livrent 45
pour cent de parts de marché. C'est
quand même... quand même appréciable. Et
malgré la force des spécialisés, on a espoir de pouvoir garder un niveau
important.
769 Sauf
que cette érosion‑là des revenus qu'on va vivre au niveau de la valeur de
nos spots, il faut absolument dans nos occasions publicitaires, il faut
absolument qu'on la compense si on veut garder nos niveaux de revenus à un
niveau acceptable. Il faut qu'on la
compense par le placement de produits.
770 Incidemment,
le placement de produits, pour nous il est... il va être crucial, il est de
plus en plus crucial, de plus en plus fondamental. Moi, je rencontre des patrons d'agences de
publicité régulièrement, ces gens‑là me disent, écoute, René, on va au
cours des prochaines années, déjà c'est commencé, prendre un pourcentage
important.
771 Certains
parlent de 10 pour cent, d'autres de 20; j'ai entendu jusqu'à 25 pour cent des
budgets qui, normalement, sont dévolus à la télévision, où on va donner le
briefing à l'interne à nos stratèges pour regarder qu'est‑ce qu'ils
peuvent faire d'autre que d'acheter des occasions publicitaires
traditionnelles.
772 Peut‑être
que le score à la fin de la journée, lorsqu'ils viennent présenter des
campagnes à leurs clients, c'est qu'il y a dix pour cent ou cinq pour cent des
argents qui s'en vont ailleurs. Il n'en
demeure pas moins qu'il y a une érosion.
773 Donc,
le placement de produits, nous, on demande une déréglementation parce que pour
nous il va être fondamental. Et on pense
aussi qu'on va devoir s'auto‑règlementer, dans le sens que les diffuseurs
qui vont abuser du placement de produits, qui ne l'utiliseront pas sur une
base, sur des bases j'appellerais de... qui respectent et le concept en onde et
le téléspectateur qui regarde les émissions, est appelé à perdre des parts de
marchés parce qu'il va insulter la population et la population ne regarderont
pas ces émissions.
774 Donc,
on est obligé nous‑mêmes, on va être obligé de s'assurer que le bon goût
est là et que la mesure est toujours respectée et c'est fort de ces deux
éléments‑là qu'on vous recommande bien respectueusement de dérèglementer
le placement de produits.
775 LE
PRÉSIDENT: Maintenant, la majorité de
votre grille d'émissions est produite par les producteurs indépendants. Or, le placement de produits, il va vous
bénéficier comment s'il est intégré dans les émissions des producteurs indépendants?
776 M.
GUIMOND: Moi, si j'étais un producteur
indépendant là, je serais tellement content d'entendre ce que je viens de dire
tantôt parce que ce que ça veut dire finalement c'est que demain, la télévision
de demain, les producteurs indépendants ont un avenir incroyable ou les gens
qui vont contrôler les contenus parce que c'est eux, les producteurs
indépendants ou les gens à l'interne chez nous qui font du contenu, savaient
que ces personnes‑là qu'on va devoir s'asseoir en amont et regarder le
concept et vraiment discuter avec les gens qui font le concept, de voir quelles
sont les opportunités de commercialisation de la production en question.
777 Et
ça fait partie des discussions qu'on va devoir avoir avec des producteurs
indépendants, je souhaite avoir ces discussions‑là... on souhaite les
avoir le plus vite possible, mais pour eux autres, c'est une très bonne
nouvelle.
778 Comparé
au marché anglophone canadien, par exemple, où ils importent énormément d'émissions
du marché américain, ces émissions‑là arrivent déjà montées. Ils ont un défi incroyable au niveau du
placement de produits parce que quand Friends arrive à Toronto, bien Friends il
est monté et ils peuvent difficilement s'introduire dans l'émission au niveau
du placement de produits, alors que nous, du côté francophone...
779 LE
PRÉSIDENT: Ils vont trouver des moyens
de le faire.
780 M.
GUIMOND: Ils vont trouver des moyens de
le faire, c'est des bons défis pour eux, en effet. Mais les possibilités pour nous en français
sont là et ce serait vraiment dommage, compte tenu des difficultés déjà qu'on a
au niveau de la génération, de générer des revenus et qu'on laisse passer cette
possibilité.
781 LE
PRÉSIDENT: Mais si c'est le producteur
indépendant qui a le bénéfice du placement de produits, pour vous, ça va être
de négocier des licences de diffusion à la baisse ou...
782 M.
GUIMOND: On n'a pas dit...
783 LE
PRÉSIDENT: ... d'une règle de partage de
ce revenu‑là?
784 M.
GUIMOND: Monsieur le président, vous me
faites dire des choses que je n'ai pas dites.
785 LE
PRÉSIDENT: Non, non, non. Je pose une question.
786 M.
GUIMOND: Je n'ai pas dit que c'est le
producteur indépendant qui va bénéficier des revenus du placement de
produits. J'ai dit qu'on devait
s'asseoir avec les producteurs indépendants parce que j'ai dit préalablement
aussi que le télédiffuseur sera toujours fondamental à la diffusion et à la
mise en place de production et c'est fort de ces...
787 Vous
savez, on est dans une dynamique de marché.
D'un côté, il y a les idées, de l'autre côté, il y a les moyens de
diffusion qui sont incontournables. À
quelque part, il faut que ces gens‑là se rencontrent.
788 Moi,
j'ai un besoin. Le besoin, c'est de
trouver des façons, nous, notre besoin c'est de trouver des façons de compenser
pour les pertes de revenus qu'on va subir par les tendances actuelles au niveau
des revenus publicitaires, de compenser ça.
789 Si
je veux être capable de continuer, si on veut être capable nous de continuer à
payer des licences de diffusion, bien il faut absolument qu'on garde des
revenus à un certain niveau puis on est ici justement pour en parler.
790 Mais
il faut absolument donc que, reconnaissant tout ça, on puisse s'asseoir, nous,
avec les producteurs indépendants puis voir quel type d'entente on peut prendre
avec eux. Et encore une fois, je vous le
dis, c'est des dynamiques, c'est des forces qui... c'est des forces en présence
qui ne vont pas s'affronter, mais qui vont devoir trouver un terrain d'entente
puis le terrain d'entente va être déterminant dans l'agressivité qu'on aura ou
pas, nous, de vouloir développer nos propres productions.
791 C'est
aussi simple que ça et c'est la vérité.
Ça ne donne rien de jouer à la cachette; c'est ça la vérité.
792 LE
PRÉSIDENT: Vous avez parlé tantôt de
votre modèle financier et vous, qui comprend, effectivement, des notions de...
des revenus de placements publicitaires.
Est‑ce qu'il est supporté par des études, votre modèle financier
ou si c'est effectivement uniquement des exercices comptables qui sont faits à
l'interne?
793 Et
si vous avez des études, est‑ce que vous consentiriez à les déposer au
Conseil?
794 MME
LACHARITÉ : Effectivement, le modèle
financier est supporté par... le modèle financier est supporté par des études
qui sont relativement récentes, la majorité est de 2006. Et pour ce qui est des études, ça nous ferait
plaisir de les déposer.
795 M.
GUIMOND: Pour ce qui est du placement de
produits et des études spécifiques là‑dessus, on a pris, nous, quand même
un certain nombre d'hypothèses qu'on a développé dans notre modèle financier et
peut‑être que tantôt, vous allez vouloir en re‑discuter. Je ne sais pas si j'ai changé votre ordre de
questions‑là.
796 Mais,
oui, on a fait des évaluations qui nous ont amenés à tirer certaines
conclusions sur notre avenir au niveau des revenus, en effet.
797 LE
PRÉSIDENT: Et vous consentiriez à les
déposer au dossier public?
798 M.
GUIMOND: Dans la mesure où... dans la
mesure où on est, à notre connaissance, les seuls à avoir développé un modèle
financier, en tout cas où on vous a informé, il serait, je pense, juste et
équitable qu'on vous dépose notre modèle financier pour déposer au dossier
public si les autres diffuseurs ont des modèles financiers également qu'on
peut, nous, regarder.
799 Dans
la mesure où ça devient impossible, si cette possibilité n'est pas là, on
pourrait, à ce moment‑là, déposer notre modèle financier sur des bases
confidentielles.
800 LE
PRÉSIDENT: D'accord. Vous nous avez proposé dans votre mémoire et
vous avez vous‑même proposé un modèle de tarification d'abonnements et en
suggérant qu'il soit d'un dollar par abonné par mois. Est‑ce que... et alors, on a entendu ce
matin que Radio‑Canada, eux nous dirent que tout ce qu'ils nous
demandaient, c'était une indication en principe de ce que devrait être
l'autorisation d'introduire le tarif d'abonnement et que c'est au moment du
renouvellement que la discussion sur ce tarif‑là se tiendrait.
801 Avez‑vous
une opinion sur ce que nous a proposé Radio‑Canada ce matin?
802 M.
GUIMOND: On a... écoutez, l'opinion que
je peux vous donner, c'est celle de TQS, c'est‑à‑dire que, nous, on
a... on a évalué la situation. On sait
qu'on est dans une situation d'urgence et tout... on pense vraiment qu'au
niveau en tout cas des télédiffuseurs conventionnels privés, parce que, nous,
les études qu'on a faites puis le modèle financier qu'on a développé, c'est
pour les privés, donc dans le milieu francophone pour TVA et TQS, compte tenu
de notre situation financière, compte tenu du fait que nous avons accès... nous
n'avons accès qu'à une seule source de financement, compte tenu du fait
également que, selon nous, l'iniquité a assez duré et qu'on se rencontre aujourd'hui
pour en parler, mais on aurait pu se rencontrer il y a plusieurs années, sauf
que l'occasion elle est aujourd'hui.
803 Alors,
ça fait déjà quelques années que la tendance à la diminution de rentabilité des
diffuseurs conventionnels est là. On
parle... je vous parlais tantôt de 25 pour cent de baillis pour les spécialisés
contre 11 pour cent, moins de 10 pour cent possiblement de baillis pour les
deux diffuseurs conventionnels combinés au Québec en 2005‑2006, il y a
urgence.
804 Et
nous, on pense vraiment que le Conseil devrait utiliser cette instance pour
statuer sur un tarif d'abonnement précis réglementé dans les meilleurs délais.
805 LE
PRÉSIDENT: Pour vous quelle serait la
marge bénéficiaire souhaitée?
806 M.
GUIMOND: La marge bénéficiaire
souhaitée, ce serait de rejoindre, évidemment, les diffuseurs spécialisés. Cependant, nous sommes conscients de certains
documents publics qui établissent... on a lu le chiffre de 20 pour cent de
baillis comme étant un chiffre cible, souhaitable par la Commission pour faire
en sorte que le système de radiodiffusion canadien soit en santé et donc, en
mesure de livrer les attentes en vertu prévues pour chacun des diffuseurs en
vertu de la Loi canadienne sur la radiodiffusion.
807 Donc,
dans le modèle que nous avons développé, on aurait aimé pouvoir
808 M.
GUIMOND (SUITE): ... pour faire en sorte
que le système de radiodiffusion canadien soit en santé, donc en mesure de
livrer les attentes en vertu ‑‑ prévues pour chacun des
diffuseurs, en vertu de la loi canadienne sur la radiodiffusion.
809 Donc
dans le modèle que nous avons développé, on aurait aimé pourvoir atteindre la
cible de vingt pour‑cent. En deçà,
donc, des résultats actuels des spécialisés.
810 Mais
pour atteindre une telle cible, notre modèle nous dit que le montant nécessaire
par diffuseur au Québec, TVA et TQS aurait été de deux dollars au lieu d'un
dollar. Et on a tablé, nous, dans notre
proposition, un dollar. Parce qu'on
convient que n'incombe pas uniquement au secteur réglementaire de régler les
situations d'affaires des entreprises.
811 On
a des problèmes industriels à régler. On
a des problèmes d'affaires à régler, puis on a des problèmes réglementaires, ou
des opportunités réglementaires. On est
ici pour parler des opportunités réglementaires.
812 Le
un dollar nous amènerait à un bailli de l'ordre de ‑‑
industriellement parlant ‑‑ de l'ordre de quatorze pour‑cent
en 2011‑2012. Et nous, on
considère que ce serait un bailli. satisfaisant parce qu'on a voulu prendre en
considération la capacité du grand public de quand même payer pour le tarif
d'abonnement.
813 LE
PRÉSIDENT: Historiquement, TQS a eu ‑‑
quel a été son meilleur bailli historiquement, TQS?
814 M.
GUIMOND:Euh... Bien, écoutez... Moi, j'ai ‑‑ je ne peux pas
vous parler de 1989 à 1997. Après
l'acquisition par Quebecor de TQS, il y avait des situations de... TQS était
dans une situation économique dramatique.
815 On
a réussi, grâce à... je pense en repositionnant l'antenne, à redonner à TQS ses
lettres de noblesse. On a amené
l'entreprise à un niveau de rentabilité qui était acceptable aussi, grâce à une
transaction par laquelle COGECO et Bell GlobeMedia se sont portés acquéreurs.
816 Lorsqu'il
y a eu la mise en forme, si vous voulez, de la nouvelle TQS ‑‑
donc TQS qui était propriétaire de ses stations régionales.
817 Donc,
ça a changé la rentabilité de l'entreprise pour l'amener à un niveau ‑‑
dans le temps, qui était un niveau, appelons ça acceptable, comparé à ce que ça
pouvait être avant.
818 Depuis,
on subit, tout comme notre concurrent conventionnel, les pressions des coûts
d'exploitation qui montent, les pressions des budgets de publicité qui
s'effritent et également les pressions énormes par la croissance des
spécialisés qui prennent de plus en plus une part importante du gâteau au
niveau de la tarte publicitaire, donc plus importante de la tarte publicitaire.
819 Donc,
aujourd'hui, notre rentabilité est en décroissance et atteint des niveaux
vraiment inacceptables pour nos propriétaires.
820 LE
PRÉSIDENT: Si dans ‑‑
Si le conseil vous autorisait à introduire un tarif d'abonnement ‑‑
et je comprends que vous voudriez qu'on prenne la décision immédiatement et
qu'on annonce qu'on vous autorise à ce faire.
821 Donc,
vous ne voulez pas attendre au renouvellement de licence pour pouvoir commencer
à bénéficier de ce tarif‑là... Si
le conseil allait dans la voie que vous préconisez... comme, il y a de
l'intégration avec les distributeurs et TQS et chez TVA... Peut‑être que la question est un petit
peu moins pertinente, mais je vois que chez les autres grands distributeurs
canadiens que sont Rogers et CHA (ph.), les deux disent que si vous bénéficiez
d'un tarif d'abonnement, vous devriez ne pas avoir accès nécessairement à la
distribution à la base, mais que vous soyez un canal discrétionnaire, comme
tous les autres exploitants de canaux spécialisés.
822 Je
pose la question et je pense que vous l'avez réglée avec votre propriétaire et
TVA l'a réglée avec le sien. Mais il
reste quand même Express Vu (ph.) et Star Choice.
823 M.
GUIMOND: Mais nous, on n'a pas réglé du
tout avec...
824 LE
PRÉSIDENT: Bien je ne parle pas du...
825 M.
GUIMOND: ... avec le propriétaire de TVA, ça c'est certain.
826 LE
PRÉSIDENT: Non, non, non, non. Je comprends.
Non, non.
‑‑‑ Rires /
Laughter
827 Avec
le vôtre pour ce qui est de ce qui vous concerne et TVA avec le sien. Là, je comprends que...
828 M.
GUIMOND: Bien, monsieur le Président,
pour nous, la question que vous posez, elle est... c'est crucial, cette
question‑là. Et il faudrait... je
vais expliquer le contexte dans lequel nous on est.
829 Premièrement,
le rôle ‑‑ la raison pour laquelle un conventionnel est sur la
base, c'est parce qu'il est appelé à rendre un service exceptionnel, je dirais,
à la société, dans le sens que son obligation est une obligation d'information,
c'est une obligation d'affaires publiques.
830 C'est
une obligation également de couverture régionale où nos investissements en
région sont majeurs et où le rôle qu'on joue, sur une base globale, soit dans
les grands marchés ou même dans les marchés régionaux, on est les seuls à le
jouer. Et ce rôle‑là, il est très
important.
831 Moi,
je me vois mal demain, au lendemain d'une décision favorable, rendue très
rapidement par le conseil (on le souhaite)...
‑‑‑ Rires /
Laughter
832 ...
et au lendemain de cette décision‑là, me voir assis, en train de négocier
avec une compagnie de câblodistribution qui appartient à un conglomérat, et
dans ce conglomérat‑là, il y a mon principal concurrent, notre principal
concurrent, TVA, pour ne pas le nommer.
833 Moi,
je me vois très mal ‑‑ avec nos gens ici, nous ‑‑
être en réunion avec ces gens‑là pour parler de la position de notre
signal, par exemple, sur leur offre, sur l'offre globale qu'ils ont.
834 De
ne plus être sur la base, peut‑être.
Ils pourraient vraiment, à ce moment‑là, eux, décider de notre
avenir. Eux pourraient décider que TQS,
demain n'est plus sur la base. Eux
pourraient décider demain que TQS devient optionnel ou devient ‑‑
malgré nos quatorze pour‑cent, là.
835 Puis
j'en conviens qu'on pourrait dire :
* Bien non, bien non, bien
non. A quatorze pour‑cent, voyons
donc, vous demeurez un incontournable, c'est trop important. +
836 Mais
moi, je peux dire aujourd'hui on a quatorze, demain on pourrait avoir huit, on
pourrait avoir sept, on pourrait avoir neuf, on pourrait avoir dix... on ne le
sait pas.
837 Et
moi, ce que je dis c'est que dans la mesure où le conseil permet la création de
grands groupes de communication au Canada (et au Québec, nommément)... mais
dans la mesure où ça c'est permis, il faut absolument que chaque diffuseur
conventionnel, en tout cas nous, dans notre cas actuellement, on en est un
exemple frappant.
838 Et
on a besoin de la protection réglementaire du CRTC de façon à ce qu'on puisse,
nous, avoir à continuer à jouer le rôle qui est prévu en fonction de la loi
canadienne sur la radiodiffusion pour un diffuseur conventionnel comme TQS et
de pouvoir jouer ce rôle‑là dans un contexte concurrentiel favorable, à
armes égales non seulement avec les spécialisés mais également avec notre
concurrent numéro un qui est TVA.
839 Et
pour arriver à ça, je le répète, on a besoin absolument... j'utilise le mot
protection, c'est peut‑être fort, là, Mais on a besoin d'une forme de
protection réglementaire sinon on devient beaucoup trop vulnérables.
840 LE
PRÉSIDENT: Vous nous demandez de
déréglementer des secteurs, mais d'en réglementer d'autres?
841 M.
GUIMOND: Absolument, sur ce... à cause
de la nature de notre milieu sur cet aspect‑là spécifiquement, la
déréglementation pourrait être catastrophique pour nous.
842 LE
PRÉSIDENT: Maintenant, votre ‑‑
Quebecor, pour ne pas les nommer... Dans
leur mémoire, eux, disent ‑‑ ils n'ont pas suggéré de tarif,
ils ont plutôt dit de laisser ça aux forces du marché et donc à la
négociation... à la négociation commerciale.
843 Vous
m'avez donné un élément de votre réflexion, il n'y a pas de doute, mais pouvez‑vous
quand même me faire part, effectivement, de votre... des commentaires peut‑être
complémentaires, particulièrement quand Quebecor ajoute que des mécanismes de
préférences indus s'appliqueraient de toute façon, donc pour la négociation
entre les parties.
844 M.
GUIMOND: Force du marché.
845 LE
PRÉSIDENT: Puisque TVA aura aussi à
négocier avec COGECO.
846 M.
GUIMOND: Oui, mais écoutez... On comprend, là. On se comprend très bien, et ça serait
malheureux que... Bien, TVA a une
position tellement dominante dans le marché qu'il est, lui, effectivement, un
incontournable. Et pour un
câblodistributeur... je ne veux pas parler pour notre propriétaire majoritaire
COGECO, mais j'imagine que pour un propriétaire ‑‑ pour un
câblodistributeur, ça devient un incontournable. Et ça c'est clair, clair, clair.
847 Encore
une fois, on parle, ici, pour les sept prochaines années et je pense que pour
moi, des parts de marché existantes, ça peut être circonstanciel et ça peut
évoluer, ça peut changer. Et je pense
que dans le contexte où ‑‑ je ne veux pas répéter ce que j'ai
dit tantôt, mais dans le contexte où on est dans des grands ensembles,
aujourd'hui, je pense que la réglementation est fondamentale.
848 Vous
parliez de force de marché... Écoutez, les forces du marché, on peut, nous,
décider ensemble qu'on a des forces de marché, puis on en parle, etc., puis il
passe ‑‑ je vais paraphraser quelqu'un de bien
connu : il passe un tsunami, là.
849 Mais
les forces du marché, quand le tsunami passe, ça compte plus. Il peut y avoir une décision qui peut être
prise, qui peut être très, très, très pénalisante pour une entité par rapport à
une autre. Et puis, il y a toutes sortes
d'éléments qui vont être pris en considération, qui ne sont pas nécessairement
dans le meilleur intérêt du système de télédiffusion canadien et du rôle que
nous, les diffuseurs conventionnels on a à jouer pour le bien‑être et
pour le mieux de la population canadienne.
850 LE
PRÉSIDENT: Dans... vous nous proposez
que le tarif soit basé ‑‑ soit de un dollar pour chaque... et
qu'il soit de même chez TVA...
851 Certains
ont déposé... certains autres mémoires nous ont déposé des fourchettes qui va
de votre deux dollars jusqu'à dix‑neuf pour... dépendamment ‑‑
bien, c'est dans le marché anglophone.
852 Il
y en a un qui... il y a au moins ‑‑ qui suggère que ça
pourrait aller jusqu'à dix‑neuf dollars et que... à l'abonné. Puisqu'il pourrait y avoir, effectivement des
surcharges par le distributeur pour gérer ces augmentations‑là.
853 Donc,
dans quelle mesure croyez‑vous que le consommateur est prêt à accepter de
payer deux dollars ‑‑ deux dollars de plus ou dix‑neuf
dollars de plus?
854 M.
GUIMOND: Bien, premièrement...
855 LE
PRÉSIDENT: ...une échelle entre les
deux.
856 M.
GUIMOND: Oui, je pense qu'il faut rester
sérieux dans ces discussions‑là.
J'imagine que l'entreprise qui a établi dix‑neuf dollars n'a pas
fait de grandes études d'élasticité...
857 LE
PRÉSIDENT: Non, bien c'est une
entreprise de distribution, qui a dit ça.
858 M.
GUIMOND: Oui. Je pense qu'ils voulaient mettre le feu, ils
voulaient vraiment alerter plus qu'autre chose, là.
859 Mais
lorsqu'on reste ‑‑ lorsqu'on reste raisonnable, et puis qu'on
regarde ça, vraiment sur le marché, nous, ce qu'on a fait, monsieur le
président, c'est qu'on a fait... on a commandé une recherche à la firme CROP
qui a été voir les abonnés des E.D.R. (ph.), tant du câble que satellitaires.
860 On
en a interviewé mille, au cours des semaines qui ont précédé le dépôt de notre
mémoire. On voulait vraiment avoir des
informations récentes. Et les
informations qu'on a obtenues de cette recherche‑là, j'en ai fait part
dans mon énoncé oral, donc je ne veux pas revenir là‑dessus.
861 Ce
que je veux simplement dire, c'est qu'il y a un très fort pourcentage,
actuellement de la population, des abonnées des E.D.R. qui n'ont aucune idée du
fait qu'ils ne paient pas pour le ‑‑ qu'il n'y a aucun montant
d'argent qui va dans leur coût de câble ou de satellite dans leurs frais
d'abonnement, qui ne va pas aux conventionnels privés.
862 Je
parle des conventionnels privés. Et ils
ne savent pas ça, dans un très fort pourcentage. Et nous, on est intéressés à savoir... on
voulait pas jouer à cache‑cache avec eux, là. On a demandé à CROP, qui est une firme très,
très professionnelle.
863 Et
on a demandé à CROP: * Écoutez, bâtissez un
questionnaire qui va faire en sorte que lorsqu'on va poser la question aux gens
sur combien vous êtes prêts à payer, on veut que les gens sachent
qu'actuellement, ils ne payent rien. +
864 Donc
après avoir posé cette question‑là, la question c'était : on les informe, là. On vous dit : * Actuellement, dans les frais d'abonnement que vous avez, de tarif
d'abonnement que vous avez, il n'y a aucun dollar là‑dedans, il y a pas
un sou qui va pour les deux conventionnels privés. +
On leur dit. Et ensuite on leur
pose la question : * Maintenant, si vous aviez à
payer pour ce service‑là, combien seriez‑vous prêt à payer? +
865 Bien,
il y en a soixante ‑‑ il y en a cinquante‑huit pour‑cent
(ça fait qu'il faut le faire, là)... Il
y en a cinquante‑huit pour‑cent des gens qui ont dit qu'ils
seraient prêts à payer. Et quand on
pense que ces gens‑là viennent de se faire dire : * Aye, tu l'as gratuitement, là. +
866 Normalement
on serait ‑‑ on aurait été porté à penser qu'il y aurait eu un
pourcentage incroyable de gens qui auraient dit : * Non, non. Moi je l'ai
gratuitement, je veux continuer à l'avoir gratuitement. +
Mais cinquante‑huit pour‑cent ont dit : * On serait prêts à payer. +
867 Et
le montant moyen qui a été donné dans la recherche c'est 2,70 $. Nous, on n'a pas pris ce 2,70 $ là dans notre
modèle, nécessairement, parce qu'on voulait voir quelle était la situation du
marché et on a modélisé, évidemment.
868 Puis,
on est arrivé à notre dollar, puis vous parlez de la hauteur... On est arrivé à notre dollar parce que nous
on pense que le grand public devrait payer pour le service ‑‑
les services qu'ils reçoivent. Nous, on
pense, là, que trois dollars par jour, euh! ... que trois sous par jour par
foyer pour recevoir le signal de TQS, puis trois sous par jour par foyer pour
recevoir le signal de TVA, que c'est pas exagéré.
869 Et
il est temps que les diffuseurs conventionnels soient rémunérés pour le service
qu'ils rendent également et pour les signaux qu'ils envoient. Il y a ‑‑ je vous
rappellerai qu'il y a 45 pour cent au Québec, dans le marché francophone, les
parts de marché conjointes des diffuseurs conventionnels privés sont de 45 pour
cent.
870 Ce
qui veut dire que 45 pour cent d'utilisation des services du câble et des
satellites sont faits en regardant ou TVA ou TQS
871 Nous
pensons qu'il est grand temps aujourd'hui qu'il y ait l'équité qui soit faite
et que chacun des diffuseurs aient une rémunération pour, justement, l'utilisation.
872 C'est
comme si un producteur de matières premières fournit 45 pour cent aux
revendeurs et eux revendent, ils font une business avec la câblodistribution et
les services satellitaires et c'est leur droit, mais que le grand public, en
bout de ligne, ne paie rien pour 45 pour cent de l'inventaire qu'il reçoit et
ça, pour nous, on considère que c'est devenu, aujourd'hui, dans le contexte
actuel avec ce que j'ai décrit au début, ce qu'on a décrit au début, que c'est
devenu totalement invivable pour nous.
873 Ce
qui explique, d'ailleurs, la décrépitude vers laquelle on se dirige
actuellement au niveau de nos résultats financiers.
874 LE
PRÉSIDENT: Qui percevrait ce 1 dollars
là, la tête de réseau ou chacune des stations dans leurs marchés réciproques ?
875 M.
GUIMOND: Nous avons tablé que la tête de
réseau devrait percevoir le 1 dollar et que ce serait à chacun des réseaux de
s'asseoir ensuite, parce qu'on est propriétaire de certaines de nos stations
régionales, on a des affiliés dans d'autres marchés, donc de s'asseoir avec nos
affiliés et de regarder des formules sur lesquelles formules eux et nous, on
pourrait s'entendre pour une distribution des argents perçus dans leur marché
en prenant en considération, évidemment, que le gros des obligations, c'est la
tête de réseau qui les a, de fait on l'a déjà cette relation‑là avec eux,
on les connaît, et il y a des quotes‑parts de marché sur lesquelles on a
déjà des ententes par rapport à la redistribution des revenus‑réseau, il
faudrait s'entendre pour voir maintenant à l'intérieur de cette nouvelle source
de revenu quelle est la quote‑part raisonnable pour chacun des deux
joueurs. Donc tête de réseau versus
affiliés.
876 LE
PRÉSIDENT: Vous avez parlé plus tôt de
votre modèle financier, est‑ce que dans votre modèle financier vous avez
mesuré l'impact sur les distributeurs d'une augmentation de tarif que celui que
vous proposez de 2 dollars ?
877 Est‑ce
que pour vous ça a une incidence sur les niveaux d'abonnement et également sur
l'offre de services des divers bouquets qui sont offerts ? Par rapport à créer du désabonnement ou le
churn, pour parler la langue du milieu ?
878 M.
GUIMOND: On n'a pas fait d'étude pour évaluer l'impact qu'aurait un tarif
d'abonnement de 2 dollars dans le marché francophone québécois.
879 On
a cependant analysé les taux d'augmentation que les consommateurs ont eu à
payer au fil des ans pour les différents services de EDR.
880 On
n'a pas les chiffres précis, cependant on sait très bien qu'année après année,
pour des raisons valables d'augmentation de coûts, ce sont des gens qui
investissent énormément en technologie, donc c'est certain qu'il faut qu'ils
amortissent leurs coûts sur les tarifs d'abonnement, mais on pense, nous, que
d'augmenter de 2 dollars...
881 Nous,
notre recommandation, c'est de la faire sur deux ans, de ne pas arriver avec
une augmentation de 2 dollars d'un
coup. Ce que nous pensons, c'est que ça
pourrait se faire d'abord 1,40 dollar la première année, 2 dollars la deuxième
année pour passer à 2 dollars la deuxième année c'est‑à‑dire.
882 Donc,
on pense qu'en le faisant de cette façon‑là, que l'impact serait minime sur
les abonnés DEDR.
883 LE
PRÉSIDENT: Évidemment, dans votre
modèle, il n'y a pas de tarif d'abonnement pour les diffuseurs publics, que ce
soit Radio‑Canada ou Télé‑Québec.
884 M.
GUIMOND: Non. Nous ne nous sommes honnêtement pas penchés
sur la problématique des diffuseurs publics.
Nous considérons simplement qu'eux, ils ont déjà deux sources de revenus
et nous n'en avons seulement qu'une.
885 Alors
nous sommes très préoccupés par régler notre problème qui est criant et on
pense que les diffuseurs privés conventionnels ont actuellement des défis qui
nécessitent l'intervention réglementaire et on n'a pas voulu entrer dans le
débat concernant les tarifs d'abonnement pour les publics.
886 Une
chose peut‑être qu'on craignait et qu'on craint, c'est que s'il y a des
considérations qui sont faites, il y en aura peut‑être sur le fait
d'autoriser un tarif d'abonnement pour les diffuseurs publics, on a une
crainte, évidemment, que tout ça s'inscrive dans une démarche dès que les
diffuseurs publics embarquent, c'est plus complexe, ce sont des gens qui
reçoivent énormément d'argent déjà, de subsides gouvernementaux, la population
paie déjà un montant important pour nos diffuseurs publics.
887 On
a un comité parlementaire, un comité de la Chambre des Communes sur le
patrimoine, je pense, qui vient d'annoncer qu'il va entreprendre des travaux
d'évaluation du mandat de la SRC, je pense, en février prochain, il va faire
rapport, la ministre va prendre ça en délibéré, elle va peut‑être
enclencher elle‑même une révision du mandat, il y a le renouvellement de
licence de la SRC et de CBC qui s'en vient.
888 Donc,
tout ça risque de prendre un temps, beaucoup trop longtemps, et nous,
honnêtement, je vous le réitère, il y a urgence dans la maison.
889 LE
PRÉSIDENT: Le ministère de la Culture et
des Communications du Québec s'objecte à ce que le Conseil autorise un tarif
d'abonnement.
890 Mais
en contrepartie, il propose de rehausser le pourcentage de contribution des
entreprises de distribution au Fonds canadien de télévision.
891 Que
pensez‑vous de cette option ?
892 M.
GUIMOND: Pouvez‑vous répéter votre
question, s'il vous plaît ?
893 LE
PRÉSIDENT: Dans son mémoire, le
ministère de la Culture et des communications du Québec propose que plutôt que
d'autoriser un tarif d'abonnement aux télévisions hertziennes, le Conseil
rehausse le pourcentage de contribution exigé des distributeurs au Fonds
canadien de télévision.
894 Actuellement,
les distributeurs contribuent cinq pour cent de leurs revenus totaux, ils
peuvent en conserver une partie pour l'exploitation du canal communautaire,
mais le reste est remis au Fonds canadien de télévision.
895 Or,
le ministère, le MCCQ lui propose que ce pourcentage‑là soit accru.
896 M.
GUIMOND: Monsieur le Président, voulez‑vous
que je vous donne le pourcentage d'argent que nous tirons du Fonds canadien de
télévision ?
897 C'est
un pourcentage qui, actuellement, est très faible, quelques millions de dollars
par année pour 14 pour cent de parts de marché.
On nous donne comme raison que ce sont des raisons historiques.
898 Ça
c'est un dossier que nous allons devoir débattre en d'autres instances avec le
Fonds canadien de télévision.
899 Pour
nous, ça n'a aucune commune mesure que d'aller chercher, disons, si nous
actuellement nous avons, par rapport au Fonds canadien de télévision, je ne
sais pas, un pour cent des argents qui sont dans le fonds viennent à TQS,
actuellement qui sont accordés à TQS, un ou peut‑être un et demi pour
cent, c'est dans ces eaux‑là, par rapport à un tarif d'abonnement.
900 Si
on faisait notre modèle et qu'on remplace les argents qui viennent d'un tarif
d'abonnement, qu'on remplace ça par un et demi pour cent, donc, trois millions
par année à peu près, on augmente ça peut‑être de 300 000 dollars, de dix
pour cent, donc on augmente de 300 000 dollars, écoutez, pour nous ça devient
une goutte d'eau dans l'océan et ça n'a aucune commune mesure.
901 Donc,
la proposition faite par le Gouvernement du Québec sur ce point‑là est
totalement irréaliste pour régler la situation des conventionnels privés
actuellement.
902 LE
PRÉSIDENT: En tout cas, plus spécifique
la vôtre.
903 M.
GUIMOND: J'ai l'impression que si mon
ami...
904 LE
PRÉSIDENT: On leur posera la même
question.
905 M.
GUIMOND: Si mon ami Dion était à côté de
moi, il répondrait possiblement la même chose.
906 LE
PRÉSIDENT: Il est dans la salle, alors
il a pris bonne note, la question lui sera posée.
907 Si
le Conseil décidait qu'une portion des revenus découlant de l'obtention d'un
tarif devait apporter des retombées au système de radiodiffusion et que ces
retombées prenaient la forme d'exigences en matière de dépenses de
programmation, quelle méthode de calcul le Conseil pourrait‑il employer
pour établir le pourcentage des revenus supplémentaires qui irait aux dépenses
de programmation canadienne ?
908 Avez‑vous
réfléchi à cette question ?
909 M.
GUIMOND: Énormément.
910 LE
PRÉSIDENT: Vous avez dit que vous étiez
d'accord avec les pourcentages.
911 M.
GUIMOND: Nous avons énormément réfléchi
et dans l'éventualité qu'on ait un tarif d'abonnement et dans l'éventualité
qu'on ait un assouplissement des règles concernant le contenu prioritaire,
temps prioritaire, il est certain qu'on sait très bien qu'on va devoir se
commettre à un pourcentage important pour nous en contenu canadien.
912 La
formule qu'on a proposée dans notre mémoire est qu'on voudrait aller pour un
pourcentage de nos revenus totaux qui serait accordé, qui serait dévolu à la
production canadienne.
1300
913 LE
PRÉSIDENT: Vous êtes prêts à prendre le
tarif tout de suite, mais ce pourcentage‑là vous êtes prêts à le
divulguer quand ?
‑‑‑ Laughters /
Rires
914 M.
GUIMOND: Le plus vite possible. On peut en parler cet après‑midi, si
vous voulez, mais vous êtes occupés.
‑‑‑ Laughters /
Rires
915 M.
GUIMOND: Ce que j'allais dire, c'est que
nous avons une situation, actuellement, où la moyenne des diffuseurs accordent
environ 37 pour cent, d'après les recherches du CRTC, de leur budget total au
contenu canadien.
916 On
convient que le 37 pour cent actuel, en tout cas pour les diffuseurs
francophones, nous sommes deux, alors on a donc une situation où le taux de
rentabilité suite à une donnée comme celle‑là fait en sorte que notre
rentabilité n'est pas ce qu'elle devrait être.
917 Dans
la modélisation que nous avons faite, nous, que nous avons utilisée, nous nous
sommes situés sous le 37 pour cent et nous avons fait une modélisation à 35
pour cent.
918 A
35 pour cent pour l'industrie, notre modèle, je vous l'ai dit tantôt, nous
donne un bailli de 14 pour cent, donc qui est inférieur à l'objectif de 20 pour
cent qu'on souhaiterait atteindre. Ça
c'est la première considération.
919 La
deuxième, c'est que nous sommes conscients qu'il existe des formules avec les
canaux spécialisés, une formule qui est basée sur la rentabilité des canaux
spécialisés.
920 Nous
trouvons que c'est une bonne idée et que peut‑être nous pourrions nous
inspirer de telle formule dans l'établissement du pourcentage, donc des revenus
totaux de l'entreprise qui seraient dévolus au contenu canadien.
921 Vous
comprendrez qu'à ce moment‑là il faudrait que nous nous assoyions avec
les instances et, lors du renouvellement de licence, établir ce pourcentage.
922 LE
PRÉSIDENT: Nous allons parler maintenant
de télédiffusion numérique en direct, si vous voulez.
923 Évidemment
vous nous avez dit que dans votre scénario privilégié il n'y aurait pas
d'obligation d'implantation d'émetteur numérique et d'émetteur numérique HD, si
j'ai bien compris, et que donc, toute la diffusion devrait se faire par le
biais de la distribution.
924 Ce
matin on a entendu Radio‑Canada proposer plutôt un modèle hybride dans
lequel ils maintenaient la diffusion en mode HD dans certains marchés,
particulièrement les grands marchés, compte tenu du fait qu'il y a une plus
forte proportion de téléspectateurs qui ne sont pas abonnés aux entreprises de
distribution.
925 Tenant
compte, donc, de cette réalité‑là,
avez‑vous des commentaires ?
926 M.
GUIMOND: Oui.
927 Au
Québec, la situation de la pénétration des EDR à ce moment‑ci est de
l'ordre de 86 pour cent pour l'ensemble du marché. On s'attend, évidemment, à ce que ça
s'améliore, encore une fois, donc que la pénétration augmente au fil des
ans. On sera bientôt sûrement à 90 pour
cent. Ceci malgré le 2 dollars que vous
allez consentir.
928 Les
gens vont continuer à s'abonner, on en est convaincus, parce que l'offre
télévisuelle va devenir de plus en plus intéressante à cause de la haute
définition, entre autres, et évidemment la diffusion numérique et de tous les
autres services qui vont être disponibles.
929 La
logique derrière le fait qu'on pense que c'est inefficace d'exiger la diffusion
hertzienne du signal numérique haute définition, on vous l'a dit, on pense que
les foyers qui vont être équipés de récepteurs plasma 16/9 numériques avec tous
les périphériques, que quelqu'un qui fait cet investissement‑là va
sûrement vouloir être abonné d'un EDR et ce principe‑là en théorie vaut
pour un marché où il y a 95 pour cent de pénétration, comme pour un marché où
il y a 80 pour cent de pénétration.
930 Le
principe fondamental, si on prend vraiment en théorie, un principe théorique
qui s'applique aussi bien à 2 000 personnes qui peut s'appliquer à 50 000
personnes. Donc, si on prend cette
logique‑là, on pourrait dire que la logique voudrait qu'il n'est vraiment
pas nécessaire, pas plus dans un marché comme Montréal que dans des marchés
plus petits d'exiger la diffusion hertzienne numérique comme définition de
notre signal.
931 Maintenant,
nous, dans notre marché au Québec, la pénétration hors Montréal est en haut de
90 pour cent dans la grande majorité. Il
y a des marchés comme Saguenay, comme vous avez vu dans notre mémoire, qui sont
déjà à 95 pour cent et des marchés à 96 pour cent. Alors, dans quelques années ces marchés‑là
seront à toutes fins pratiques totalement couverts par cette industrie.
932 Est‑ce
qu'on serait prêt, nous, au nom beaucoup plus, je dirais, d'une décision si on
suit notre logique, qui serait beaucoup plus une décision d'ordre... pour se
donner bonne conscience, que d'un besoin réel qu'ont les consommateurs d'un
signal haute définition sur une base hertzienne?
933 Nous,
on serait prêt à regarder la possibilité de le faire dans le marché de
Montréal, ce qui est, d'après nous, le seul marché qui se situera sous la
barre... en dessous... c'est‑à‑dire que la pénétration ne sera pas
en haut de 90 pour cent d'ici deux à trois ans.
934 Alors,
peut‑être qu'on pourra le considérer là, mais encore une fois, on le
ferait vraiment sur une base de se donner bonne conscience beaucoup plus que
sur une base purement d'affaires.
935 LE
PRÉSIDENT: Mais sur une base purement
d'affaires, est‑ce que sur le marché francophone on peut dire qu'il y
aurait, quoi, 300 000 foyers qui ne seraient pas abonnés à des entreprises
de distribution?
936 M.
GUIMOND: Oui, 10 pour cent environ.
937 LE
PRÉSIDENT: Bien, vous avez parlé de 14
tantôt là.
938 M.
GUIMOND: Exact, mais dans deux, trois
ans.
939 LE
PRÉSIDENT: Dix pour cent donc, on parle de 300 000 foyers?
940 M.
GUIMOND: Oui.
941 LE
PRÉSIDENT: Ce 300 000 foyers‑là
qui seraient donc forcés par une décision d'affaires, à s'abonner à des
entreprises de distribution.
942 En
tout cas, pour avoir... s'ils veulent continuer à avoir des services
télévisuels, ils seraient bien obligés de s'abonner.
943 M.
GUIMOND: Nous, monsieur...
944 LE
PRÉSIDENT: Ça veut dire que ces abonnés‑là,
en plus de prendre un abonnement, prendre... enfin, ils seraient forcés à
prendre un abonnement qui comprendrait un tarif de 2,00 $ qui irait au bénéfice
des entreprises qui sont actuellement gratuites?
945 M.
GUIMOND: Il y a deux choses qu'on
ferait. Premièrement, pour ce qu'on a
proposé dans notre mémoire, c'est qu'on continuerait à diffuser sur une base
analogique, sur une base hertzienne, le signal analogique pour une période à
être déterminée avec le CRTC et, bien sûr, Industries Canada qui, lui, est
responsable des spectres et jusqu'à ce que Industries Canada décide qu'il veut
conserver les spectres analogiques et faire le passage définitif aux signaux
numériques haute définition.
946 Donc,
l'ensemble de la population continuerait à recevoir les signaux quand même
pendant cette période, appelons‑la de transition qui peut être une
période encore une fois théorique, là, de, je ne sais pas, de trois, quatre,
cinq ans, de quatre à cinq ans.
947 LE
PRÉSIDENT: Mais, éventuellement, le
téléspectateur qui jouit actuellement de la télévision gratuite serait obligé
de s'abonner à une entreprise de distribution qui lui refilerait un 2,00 $ au
bénéfice des télévisions hertziennes?
948 M.
GUIMOND: Ultimement, il y a un rendez‑vous...
949 LE
PRÉSIDENT: Au bénéfice des nouvelles
télévisions HD virtuelles?
950 M.
GUIMOND: Oui. Sûrement qu'il y aurait, dans la mesure où la
personne devient un abonné d'une EDR, elle a l'obligation comme tous les
abonnés de EDR de payer le tarif de base et si ceux‑ci, les diffuseurs
conventionnels sur la base à ce moment‑là, ils paieraient le tarif
d'abonnement qui est requis.
951 Mais
je pense qu'on a un rendez‑vous‑là en quelque part dans... quand ce
rendez‑vous aura lieu, je l'ignore pour le moment, mais il y a
certainement... il aura certainement lieu dans quelques années de s'asseoir
avec les gens de l'industrie, les gens d'Industries Canada et le CRTC du milieu
de la diffusion canadienne pour... et DEDR pour faire surtout avec l'EDR plutôt
qu'avec les diffuseurs, mais pour voir comment peut être réglée cette situation‑là
où, à un certain moment donné, il y aura un besoin de généraliser les services.
952 LE
PRÉSIDENT: Dans le modèle que vous nous
proposez... parce que le modèle actuel, c'est qu'on a le rayonnement central,
le rayonnement total, vous avez... et puis même du rayonnement extra régional
qui vous est... qui émane de la distribution par satellite ou la captation de
signaux plus éloignés par même à l'extérieur de votre rayonnement... de votre
rayonnement total là et les équipementiers ont trouvé des moyens d'aller
chercher des signaux relativement éloignés malgré... même si, de manière
hertzienne on n'est plus capable de les capter, avec des infrastructures ils
réussissent des fois à capter du signal sur de longues distances.
953 Comment
proposez‑vous de faire la distinction entre chacune des unités d'affaires
du Groupe TQS entre ce qui est local et puis ce qui est, finalement, la
couverture totale?
954 M.
GUIMOND: Bien, il est certain que les
anciennes définitions de territoires basées sur le rayonnement pur et simple va
devoir changer, va devenir obsolète et il va avoir... on va avoir une nécessité
de redéfinir les territoires de chacune des entités.
955 Quelle
sera la méthode à retenir; ça sera à être encore une fois défini. Il va falloir qu'il y ait des rencontres
industrielles certainement pour la re‑définition des territoires
régionaux qui sera basée sur quel critère; peut‑être les codes postaux
régionaux, je n'ai aucune idée, ça va être à redéfinir et certainement que
l'ancien rayonnement hertzien va être également une des base pour quand même
délimiter de façon beaucoup plus sommaire le marché puis c'est à partir de ça
qu'on déterminera de façon plus précise.
956 Mais
je pense que ça, ça ne peut pas se faire sans l'intervention et l'application,
évidemment, des EDR qui sont, eux... c'est finalement eux qui sont en contact
avec les consommateurs de ces marchés‑là.
Ils ont certainement des choses très importantes et peut‑être des
bonnes suggestions. Ils auront
certainement des bonnes suggestions à faire, le cas échéant.
957 M.
GUÉRIN : Si je peux me permettre, il y a
aussi les zones BBM qui ont été mentionnées ce matin, qui pourraient être
utilisées comme point de référence, là, pour essayer de définir des nouvelles
zones.
958 LE
PRÉSIDENT: Évidemment, mais comment...
la question qui était... si on part, effectivement, des stations qui sont
actuellement... des entreprises qui sont actuellement en opération, on peut évidemment
les modeler à partir des contours de rayonnement existant, mais qu'est‑ce
qu'on fait avec les nouveaux entrants?
959 Comment
est‑ce qu'on déterminer pour eux la nouvelle ère de rayonnement?
960 M.
GUIMOND: Les nouveaux?
961 LE
PRÉSIDENT: Les nouvelles... on est dans
un processus évolutif. Il n'y a rien qui
nous dit qu'un jour quelqu'un ne demandera pas une nouvelle station de
télévision pour desservir Montréal.
Alors, comment est‑ce qu'on va déterminer de son territoire local
et son rayonnement total?
962 M.
GUIMOND: Vous parlez d'un diffuseur
conventionnel éventuellement?
963 LE
PRÉSIDENT: Eh oui! C'est une question hypothétique.
964 M.
GUIMOND: Mon Dieu Seigneur!
965 LE
PRÉSIDENT: Non, non, non, mais,
écoutez...
966 M.
GUIMOND: Protégez‑nous. Écoutez, je ne suis pas... malheureusement,
on pourra peut‑être prendre cette question‑là en délibéré et vous
répondre dans le document écrit qu'on vous soumettra pour... j'ai entendu pour
le 20 décembre?
967 LE
PRÉSIDENT: Oui.
968 M.
GUIMOND: On pourra peut‑être
prendre cette question‑là en délibéré, s'il vous plaît.
969 LE
PRÉSIDENT: Parce qu'on l'a posée ce
matin à Radio‑Canada, là.
Évidemment qu'il nous a donné un élément de réponse.
970 M.
GUIMOND: Vous ont‑ils donné une
bonne réponse?
971 LE
PRÉSIDENT: Il nous a donné... il nous a
donné *sa+ réponse et puis...
972 M.
GUIMOND: Bon.
973 LE
PRÉSIDENT: ... qui est basée sur les
modèles existants. Je veux dire, il
n'est pas...
974 Alors,
plusieurs groupes ont suggéré que la distribution des stations locales par les
entreprises de distribution par satellite soient obligatoires. Alors, du fait qu'il y a environ au Canada
124 stations locales avec de la programmation originale, combien de capacité de
transmission par satellite additionnelle serait nécessaire pour distribuer...
pour distribuer tout l'ensemble de ces signaux et quel serait le coût, à tout
le moins, si je peux la ramener uniquement à la taille de TQS, vous avez un
certain nombre de vos stations ou de vos affiliés qui ne sont pas
nécessairement distribuées par satellite.
975 Alors,
combien, un, dans le cas spécifique de TQS, ça prendrait combien de canaux
supplémentaires?
976 M.
GUIMOND: Dans le cas spécifique de TQS,
nous, avec Star Choice, nos propres stations, on a une station qui n'est pas
distribuée dans le cas de Star Choice et dans le cas de Bell ExpressVu on a
également une station qui n'est pas distribuée.
977 Cependant,
au niveau de nos affiliées, je pourrais dire sans crainte de me tromper que je
pense qu'il y a au moins deux ou peut‑être même stations par EDR,
satellite R qui ne sont pas distribuées.
978 LE
PRÉSIDENT: Donc, on parle de trois à
quatre stations.
979 M.
GUIMOND: Bien, là, encore une fois,
je...
980 LE
PRÉSIDENT: Non, non, mais, je veux
dire...
981 M.
GUIMOND: Oui, exact.
982 LE
PRÉSIDENT: ... ce n'est pas une réponse
précise là.
983 M.
GUIMOND: Maximum cinq, disons, aux fins
de.
984 LE
PRÉSIDENT: Donc, maximum de discussion
et puis... évidemment, ça se répercute aussi chez TVA, la même question se
pose. La même question se pose chez
Global, chez CTV, chez Radio‑Canada.
Donc, si on met ça dans l'ensemble, est‑ce que vous croyez que
c'est une solution logique, commercialement logique, que d'offrir pour un
distributeur ‑‑ je ne parle pas pour le diffuseur qui,
effectivement, voudrait bien et qui veut absolument que ses stations soient
offertes ‑‑ mais pour le distributeur satellitère, que ce soit
une solution qu'il est commercialement logique?
985 M.
GUIMOND: Écoutez, on n'a pas fait, nous,
d'étude, là, sur l'impact économique d'une demande comme celle‑là chez
les EDR satellitère. On peut très bien
comprendre, à la lumière des chiffres qui sont mentionnés que c'est
certainement des dépenses qui sont importantes.
986 Moi,
je suis obligé de nous ramener, nous, sur notre réalité. Notre réalité, elle est... elle est
réglementaire, elle est à l'effet qu'on a un rôle à jouer dans chacune des
régions et que, actuellement, dans les régions où les signaux satellitères ne
sont pas distribués, ce sont étrangement ‑‑ pas
étrangement ‑‑ mais particulièrement des régions où ils sont
particulièrement efficaces.
987 Ils
ont des bonnes parts de marché de par la composition des marchés où ils vont
chercher des abonnés dans les coins les plus éloignés des centres, des grands
centres et ça nous empêche évidemment, le fait qu'on n'a pas ‑‑
exemple, Trois‑Rivières, TQS Trois‑Rivières n'est pas ni sur Star
Choice ni sur Bell ExpressVu ‑‑ bien, TQS Trois‑Rivières,
lorsque nos représentants vont pour vendre la station TQS à Trois‑Rivières,
bien eux, ils ne peuvent pas parler de 100 pour cent du marché qu'on couvre,
malgré nos parts de marché dans ce marché‑là, d'une part.
988 D'autre
part, les gens ‑‑ et ça c'est peut‑être encore... là, je
vais mettre mon chapeau plus social ‑‑ c'est que le rôle qu'on
a à jouer dans le marché est important et ça veut dire qu'il y a des gens dans
ce secteur‑là qui n'ont pas accès à toutes les caractéristiques qu'une
station régionale apporte.
989 Exemple
: même la publicité locale pour nous c'est important que les gens la voient
parce que ça leur parle de ce qui se passe dans le marché, ça leur parle du
commerçant du coin, ça leur parle de tel événement qui s'en vient, de tel
spectacle qui s'en vient et ces gens‑là n'ont pas accès à ça et nous
sommes les seuls et les conventionnels à pouvoir jouer ce rôle‑là. Ça fait partie de notre mandat.
990 Donc,
il en va du mandat qu'on a à remplir et c'est pour ça que, nous, on arrive avec
cette demande‑là et bien qu'on doive prendre en considération, j'en ai
aucun doute, les coûts que ça peut entraîner, mais, nous, on voulait... on veut
le tabler parce que c'est important pour nous.
Je sais que c'est important pour nos affiliés également dans les régions
de pouvoir bénéficier du même service et de pouvoir offrir ces services‑là
à leur population.
991 LE
PRÉSIDENT: Je regarde mes questions,
parce qu'on a couvert, quand même, beaucoup de terrain.
992 Une
des questions qui est posée dans l'avis public a trait à la date butoir ou
auxquelle le Canada devrait considérer, effectivement, la transition
numérique. Quelle est votre position par
rapport à cette date butoir‑là?
993 M.
GUIMOND: On a discuté, évidemment, à
l'interne, de ce dossier‑là.
Écoutez... Nous, le passage à la
haute définition va être qu'on va prendre, la majorité des intervenants, trois
à quatre ans pour la compléter. Puis je
parle de ‑‑ en incluant les régions.
994 Donc
la date butoir, on a parlé, nous, peut être vers 2011, fin de l'année 2001 ou
quelque chose comme ça. Mais encore une
fois... écoutez... on manque énormément
d'information. On n'est pas
suffisamment, je pense, informés sur les défis de nos confrères dans le Canada
anglais, nommément et de même nos confrères dans le Canada français, pour être
capables de porter un jugement précis sur cette question.
995 LE
PRÉSIDENT: Plusieurs groupes ont suggéré
qu'il devrait y avoir une date obligatoire.
Vous parlez vous‑même de la fin de 2011. Vous êtes d'avis qu'il convient au conseil
d'en décider et vous dites... et vous dites que le conseil pourrait adopter la
même politique que celle énoncée dans la décision 2361 qui détermine que les
EDR peuvent demander à ne pas distribuer de services analogiques des services
si quatre‑vingt pour‑cent des abonnés d'une EDR sont en mesure de
recevoir les services dans leur version numérique.
996 Or,
d'autres groupes ont suggéré qu'une date précise... vous avez mentionné cette
date‑là. Laquelle des deux
méthodes privilégiez‑vous, maintenant?
997 M.
GUIMOND: Honnêtement...
998 LE
PRÉSIDENT: Vous laissez ça à notre
discrétion?
999 M.
GUIMOND: On va laisser ça à votre
discrétion. Puis, je pense qu'il y a
Industrie Canada aussi qui a un rôle important à jouer.
1000 LE
PRÉSIDENT: Bien c'est... oui, effect‑.
1001 M.
GUIMOND: Alors...
1002 LE
PRÉSIDENT: En fait, ça sera sa décision.
1003 M.
GUIMOND: Je pense que c'est ça. C'est une question de coûts, de maintenir les
spectres. Et je pense que... on va
s'abstenir de répondre.
1004 LE
PRÉSIDENT: On va parler maintenant un
petit peu des petits marchés.
1005 Afin
d'aider les stations indépendantes et affiliées des petits marchés, Quebecor
suggère que dans ce cas, le conseil permettrait un tarif de ‑‑ qu'il... dans le cas où il permettrait un
tarif d'abonnement, mais n'acceptait pas de mettre en place des mesures
permettant aux réseaux de négocier leurs tarifs avec les distributeurs.
Quebecor Média suggère que les entreprises de distribution devraient payer une
compensation. C'est‑à‑dire
de payer directement la station autorisée du marché plutôt que de payer à la
tête de réseau. Qu'est‑ce que
c'est que vous pensez de la proposition de Quebecor?
1006 M.
GUIMOND: On n'est pas d'accord avec la
proposition de Quebecor. On pense
vraiment qu'il serait beaucoup plus simple de centraliser à la tête de réseau
la collection des argents et qu'une négociation s'ensuivrait avec chacune des
régions, chacun des affiliés, de façon à ce qu'on puisse négocier un * fair + ‑‑ euh... * fair +, un retour adéquat ou une quote‑part
adéquate pour chacun des affiliés en fonction de leur situation spécifique.
1007 LE
PRÉSIDENT: Le ministère de la Culture et
des Communications du Québec nous recommande de réintroduire des exigences en
matière de programmation locale. Alors
que pensez‑vous de cette proposition?
1008 M.
GUIMOND: Bien, on considère que la
programmation locale, au moment où on se parle joue bien son rôle. On pense qu'au niveau des petits... des
petits diffuseurs (puis corrige‑moi, si je me trompe, Bernard, là) ce
n'est pas réglementé et on considère que le statu quo est vraiment la meilleure
solution, enfin, pour les stations que nous contrôlons.
1009 LE
PRÉSIDENT: On va parler maintenant de
sous‑titrage pour malentendants.
Et je vois que l'expert se prépare.
1010 Dans
leur mémoire, la majorité des télédiffuseurs s'opposent au sous‑titrage
de publicité et de contenu promotionnel.
Alors pouvez‑vous...?
Quelle est votre position et pouvez‑vous élaborer sur cette
question?
1011 M.
GUIMOND: Je vais répondre, puis peut‑être
passer la parole à mon... à notre champion s'il veut s'essayer. Sur ce point‑là, nous... sur la
publicité, je pense que le dilemme, il est le suivant.
1012 C'est
sûr que les agences de publicité, eux autres, ils payent des ‑‑
leurs clients payent des montants importants pour avoir des * pub + qui sont les plus percutantes
possibles et des * pub + qui sont les plus créatives
possibles. Alors, c'est certain que pour
eux autres, que de voir une traduction venir s'installer au bas de la * pub +, ça devient... ça devient peut‑être
pas nécessairement quelque chose de très attrayant.
1013 Cependant,
ce sont des bons citoyens, et moi je pense... nous pensons qu'on pourrait
arriver avec une exigence vraiment, d'offrir le service aux malentendants en y
allant de façon systématique, particulièrement au niveau des annonceurs
nationaux, dans un avenir assez rapproché.
1014 Pour
ce qui est des annonceurs locaux, c'est peut‑être une autre problématique
parce qu'eux... Bon, eux, produisent des
* pub + à beaucoup moins de coûts, quelques
milliers de dollars. Alors il faudrait
tout faire une question, évidemment, de comment, technologiquement on peut
arriver à le faire au meilleur coût possible.
1015 Mais
honnêtement, le coût de sous‑titrage d'une unité de trente secondes ne
peut pas être astronomique et on considère qu'au même titre que les diffuseurs
vont devoir se ‑‑ vont devoir livrer... dans notre cas c'est
soixante‑quinze pour‑cent pour la fin de notre licence avec une
expectative de quatre‑vingt‑dix
pour‑cent.
1016 Alors,
dans la mesure où nous, on a une exigence à remplir puis on y travaille avec
beaucoup d'énergie par les temps qui courent, on considère que l'ensemble des
éléments du milieu devrait également y être soumis dans la même mesure.
1017 LE
PRÉSIDENT: Alors on a parlé de la
publicité et aussi la même question est soulevée par divers intervenants quant
aux promotions d'émissions où on ...
Est‑ce que votre commentaire...?
Quelles sont vos observations sur les promotions d'émissions?
1018 M.
GUIMOND: Oui. Là, vous parlez d'un volume important de production. En * auto‑pub + on produit sur une base quotidienne des dizaines et des dizaines de
pièces qui sont mises en ondes et puis leur durée de vie est très très limitée
(souvent c'est une journée).
1019 Donc,
encore une fois, c'est une question de coût par rapport à ‑‑
et la technologie, à ce moment‑là devient très très importante. Mais il va de soit que dans la mesure où
on... il faut être conséquent avec nous‑mêmes.
1020 Et
puis, dans la mesure où on va devoir un jour rencontrer des normes... lorsque
la technologie nous permettra de le faire de façon très efficace, rencontrer
des normes et des pourcentages de plus en plus importants, bien ça sera à ce
moment‑là très naturel que les autres * pub + également y soient soumises. Mais, encore une fois, c'est une question de
coût, pour le moment, et c'est une question de technologie.
1021 LE
PRÉSIDENT: Vous avez fait allusion,
tantôt, que votre programmation doit croître jusqu'à ‑‑ le
sous‑titrage de votre programmation doit croître jusqu'à quatre‑vingt‑dix
pour‑cent de cette ‑‑ de l'ensemble de sa programmation
d'ici le terme de votre licence.
1022 Quel
sera l'effort nécessaire, requis, pour passer de ce quatre‑vingt‑dix
à cent pour‑cent de la programmation (et j'exclus la publicité et les
auto‑promotions)? Je parle de
programmation pure et simple.
1023 M.
GUIMOND: Veux‑tu y aller?
1024 M.
TRÉPANIER: En ce moment, monsieur le
Président, nous sommes à embaucher quatre personnes, quatre locuteurs qui vont
travailler à compter de la fin janvier
et qui, selon nos prévisions, seraient en mesure de nous livrer, avec le sous‑titrage
qui est déjà fait selon les différentes productions, les productions
indépendantes ou certaines productions maison qu'on fait sous‑titrer, ou
les bulletins d'information, atteindre l'objectif de soixante‑quinze pour‑cent
au renouvellement de notre licence l'an prochain et étendre vers un meilleur
pourcentage par la suite.
1025 Nos
collègues de Radio‑Canada le soulignaient ce matin, la problématique que
nous on rencontre c'est les émissions en direct. En ce moment la technologie répond plus ou
moins bien à la demande. Ce qui fait que
nous, on est un peu pénalisés par ça parce qu'on a à peu près cinquante‑cinq
pour‑cent de notre programmation quotidienne qui est en direct.
1026 On
a des émissions de débats, d'échanges un peu costauds parfois, quand on parle,
entre autres de sports. Dans le cas de * 110 pour‑cent, ce
serait ‑‑ et c'est tout un défi que d'essayer de faire le sous‑titrage
en direct de ces émissions‑là.
1027 LE
PRÉSIDENT: Ça va prendre tout l'écran.
‑‑‑ Rires /
Laughter
1028 Quand
les cinq parlent en même temps.
1029 M.
TRÉPANIER: Je suis bien heureux de
constater que vous êtes téléspectateur de cette émission, monsieur le
Président.
‑‑‑ Rires /
Laughter
1030 M.
TRÉPANIER: Mais, je veux vous dire qu'on
travaille très sérieusement à l'atteinte de l'objectif de soixante‑quinze
pour‑cent, et on travaille de pair avec le CRIM, d'ailleurs, depuis
plusieurs mois pour atteindre cet objectif‑là.
1031 LE
PRÉSIDENT: On a parlé avec Radio‑Canada
de normalisation du sous‑titrage en français. J'ai comme un peu l'impression que les
différents intervenants travaillent tous avec le RQST jusqu'à un certain point,
mais tous de manière indépendante.
1032 Est‑ce
qu'il n'y aurait pas... Il ne serait pas
pertinent de travailler... de travailler ensemble?
1033 M.
GUÉRIN: Oui, nous sommes tout à fait
d'accord que ce serait pertinent. Il y
avait déjà eu des démarches préliminaires auprès de différents télédiffuseurs
pour établir...
1034 LE
PRÉSIDENT: J'ai déjà entendu parler de
ça...
1035 M.
GUÉRIN: Alors, nous entrevoyons de façon
très positive de telles discussions pour établir des normes. On croit cependant qu'il est encore tôt pour
établir des taux d'erreur spécifiques.
1036 On
doit vivre encore un peu plus les nouveaux systèmes de sous‑titrage en
direct pour mieux le comprendre puis ensuite, pouvoir établir des normes
industrielles. Donc, ces choses‑là
vont être faites, mais je pense qu'on doit quand même se donner du temps pour
mieux comprendre qu'est‑ce qu'une erreur, quels seraient les taux
d'erreur acceptables avant de pouvoir vraiment établir un code et des normes
précises.
1037 LE
PRÉSIDENT: Certains ont suggéré de
référer au CCNR les plaintes qui concernent le sous‑titrage pour
malentendants. Quelle est votre position
par rapport au rôle potentiel du CCNR dans ce dossier‑là? (Alors CCNR c'est le Conseil canadien des
normes de la radiotélévision, pour...)
1038 M.
GUÉRIN: Je le connais très bien.
1039 LE
PRÉSIDENT: Non, mais pour les fins des
gens qui sont dans la salle et tout ça.
On a des étudiants, ce matin.
Donc peut‑être que...
1040 M.
GUÉRIN: Mais comme je vous disais
tantôt...
1041 LE
PRÉSIDENT: ... le CCNR, comme acronyme, ils ne sont pas encore familiers.
1042 M.
GUÉRIN: Comme je le disais tantôt, oui,
je pense qu'éventuellement, cet organisme pourrait être appelé à juger de
plaintes concernant le sous‑titrage, mais qu'on est encore loin d'être
prêts à aller de ce côté‑là. Parce
qu'on va devoir, comme je vous disais établir des protocoles, s'entendre sur
qu'est‑ce que... une erreur, quels seraient les taux d'erreur
acceptables, établir des normes.
1043 Mais
je pense qu'une fois que ce travail‑là aura été fait et qu'il y aura un
cahier de normes acceptées par l'industrie, que oui ça pourrait certainement
être envisagé de façon positive que le CCNR puisse avoir ces fonctions‑là. Merci.
1044 LE
PRÉSIDENT: Alors madame Cugini aurait
quelques questions.
1045 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: Thank you, Mr. Chairman. If there was a hint of surprise in his voice,
it is because he thought he would hear me speak French for the first time, but
that is not going to happen. So my
apologies if I ask you a couple of questions in English.
1046 And
it has to do with your survey. If I am
reading this correctly, the sample size was five hundred?
1047 M.
GUIMOND: That is correct.
1048 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: And of those five hundred, do
you have a breakdown of how many are subscribers to just basic cable as oppose
to subscribers to ‑‑ satellite, as well ‑‑
but to basic cable plus extended tier?
1049 M.
GAUTHIER: Twenty‑five percent
cable, twenty‑five and ‑‑ seventy‑five percent
cable, twenty‑five satellite.
1050 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: And how many are just
subscribers to the basic tier? In other
words, they don't subscribe to any of the special services.
1051 M.
GUIMOND: We didn't ask that.
1052 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: You didn't ask that?
1053 M.
GUIMOND: No.
1054 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: Did you see any difference
between the cable and the satellite subscribers in their responses?
1055 M.
GAUTHIER: No difference... no
difference.
1056 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: The additional amount that they
said they would be willing to pay for the conventional services, was that in
addition to their total bill?
1057 M.
GAUTHIER: Yes.
1058 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: So there was not any indication
that they would reduce any of the services that they are currently receiving in
order to pay this additional money for ‑‑
1059 M.
GAUTHIER: We don't know that. We don't
know that.
1060 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: You did not ask that?
1061 MR.
GAUTHIER: No.
1062 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: Okay. Thank you very much. Thank you.
1063 MR.
GAUTHIER: You are welcome.
1064 LE
PRÉSIDENT: Madame la conseillère
juridique?
1065 Me
LAGACÉ: Merci. Alors, simplement pour vérifier, préciser la
nature de votre engagement au point de vue du modèle financier que vous êtes
sensé fournir, je pense que vous avez indiqué un intérêt à garder cette
information‑là confidentielle, à moins que d'autres de vos homologues en
déposent une copie?
1066 M.
GUIMOND: Pas que * d'autres +.
Il faudrait que * les autres + homologues déposent les copies
parce que ‑‑ en tout cas, on a bien exprimé notre idée là‑dessus
et il faudrait que ça demeure confidentiel sinon.
1067 LE
PRÉSIDENT: Donc c'est l'ensemble de tous
les intervenants...
1068 M.
GUIMOND: Qui demande.
1069 LE
PRÉSIDENT: ... qui demande des revenus d'abonnements. Évidemment, on n'a pas posé la question à
Radio‑Canada.
1070 M.
GUÉRIN: Si je peux me permettre une
précision?
1071 On
avait ‑‑ on a donné la liste des études sur lesquelles on
s'est fondés dans notre mémoire et on était ouverts, ça, à donner... aller
déposer les études sur lesquelles on s'est fondés.
1072 Me
LAGACÉ : Si vous désirez quand même
déposer le modèle financier d'une manière confidentielle ‑‑ et
en attendant de voir, évidemment, je comprends que Radio‑Canada n'a ‑‑
on n'a ‑‑ n'a pas pu leur poser la question.
1073 Seriez‑vous,
à tout le moins disposé à déposer une version abrégée pour le moment, et
éventuellement... qui pourrait être déposée au dossier public? Dans la mesure où cette information‑là
peut quand même être utile, évidemment.
1074 M.
GUIMOND: Écoutez, je pense
qu'honnêtement, on a un problème à déposer un modèle comme celui‑là pour
commentaire public, parce qu'il est très facile pour n'importe qui de commencer
à ‑‑ particulièrement les opposants ‑‑ à
détruire. Moi, je pourrais prendre
n'importe quel modèle, même s'il est très justifié, puis bon...
1075 Nous
on est convaincus que notre modèle se tient.
C'est pour ça qu'on l'a ‑‑ on vous offre de le déposer
vraiment sur une base confidentielle. Si
vous avez des questions à nous poser pour des précisions sur la façon que notre
modèle est bâti on se mettrait à votre disposition, vraiment, pour vous donner
les meilleures réponses possibles.
1076 On
est prêts à déposer les études, toutes les études qui ont servi à
l'établissement du modèle (on est prêts à le faire). Mais vraiment, pour aujourd'hui, tout ce
qu'on peut vous dire, c'est que c'est vraiment sur des bases confidentielles
qu'on voudrait le faire.
1077 Me
LAGACÉ: Merci.
1078 LE
PRÉSIDENT : Madame, messieurs,
merci.
1079 We
will break for lunch. We will be back at
14: 45.
‑‑‑ Upon recessing
at 1338 / Suspension à 1338
‑‑‑ Upon resuming
at 1446 / Reprise à 1446
1080 THE
CHAIRPERSON: Order please. A l'ordre,
s'il vous plait.
1081 Madame
la secrétaire, Ms Secretary.
1082 LA
SECRÉTAIRE: Merci Monsieur le Président.
1083 J'aimerais
faire deux annonces pour les fins du dossier.
1084 Les
neuf études qui étaient référées dans le mémoire de TQS à l'Annexe 3 ont été
déposées au dossier public, alors ils seront disponibles à la salle d'examen.
1085 Vu
l'ampleur des documents, il n'y a pas de copies de disponibles, mais ils
peuvent sûrement être consultés durant l'audience pour les personnes qui le
désirent.
1086 Sign
language interpretation is available, as I mentioned this morning, during the
hearing. However, until we have a
request of someone, a party or a participant in the hearing, the sign language
interpreter will standby and we will offer the services if someone comes
forward.
1087 We
are now at the next participant on our order of presentation, which is CanWest
Global Communications. I will call Mr.
Leonard Asper to introduce his colleagues, and you will have 15 minutes for
your presentation. Please go ahead.
PRESENTATION / PRÉSENTATION
1088 MR.
ASPER: Thank you. Bonjour, Monsieur le
Président, commissioners and Commission staff.
My name is Leonard Asper and I am the President and CEO of CanWest
Global Communications.
1089 We
are pleased to appear before you today in this important and timely proceeding
and we commend you for having the fortitude to undertake this review at a time
when issues are complex and numerous.
1090 I
would like to begin our presentation by introducing the members of our
panel. Starting from your far right in
the front row is Eric Heidendahl, a Director of Engineering for Eastern
Operations, next to him is Chris Pang, Director of Legal Affairs. Next to Chris is Barbara Williams, Senior
Vice‑President of Programming and Production. Then Kathleen Dore, President of Television
and Radio for CanWest MediaWorks, and next to Kathy is Charlotte Bell, Director
of Regulatory Affairs, next to her is Jonathan Medline, Director of Regulatory
Affairs.
1091 Next
to Jonathan is Kathy Gardener, Senior Vice‑President of Research and
Promotions, and Brett Manlove, Senior Vice‑President of Broadcast Sales
and Marketing. Finally, next to Brett is
Chris McGinley, our Senior Vice‑President of Station Operations. At the kids' table in the back here is,
sitting to my left, is Peter Viner, the President and CEO of CanWest
MediaWorks, which encompasses all of our Canadian operations, including our
newspapers and online operations.
1092 To
my right is Ken Goldstein, the President of Communications Management Inc., who
prepared our economic study which is appended to our submission, and next to
him is Angela Marselini, Vice‑Chair of POLLARA Research who prepared the
two consumer surveys, also appended to our submission.
1093 We
admittedly do have a full cast here, but we want to ensure that we provided you
with the full range of expertise with which to answer your questions. And I am assured by Mr. Viner that we used
aeroplan points to get everybody here and it wasn't that expensive.
1094 We
appreciate the opportunities to share our views on reshaping the regulatory
landscape to respond to the massive changes that have occurred in our business
over the past decade. While technology
and fragmentation have been factors that we have always had to respond and
adjust to, the difference now is that the pace of change is accelerated in
unprecedented and unexpected ways and these changes are severely impacting our
business.
1095 The
concept of maximizing the contributions that we make takes on a whole new
meaning in a world where we now compete with hundreds of regulated and
unregulated platforms that provide consumers and advertisers with a sea of
options from which to choose. It is fair
to say that the regulatory framework that was developed at a different time and
under vastly different circumstances and conditions is now out of step with
today's reality.
1096 Today
conventional over‑the‑air television is a mature industry and new
and established competitors are fragmenting audiences and revenues like never
before. Some of those competitors have
names like TSN and MTV and they have the added advantage of lower
infrastructure costs and dual revenue streams.
Some of those new competitors have very different names; YouTube,
Google, Wal‑Mart and they operate with no regulations at all. In the meantime, there has been a significant
shift in advertising toward more niche and targeted channels.
1097 So
conventional over‑the‑air television now faces a triple whammy as
they say. Its growth would have slowed
in any event as the industry matured, but what would have been slow growth is
rapidly turning into no growth, even decline as additional competitors, many of
them unregulated, each take another slice of our audience and revenues and
advertising dollars are leaving conventional television.
1098 Just
look at the facts. If we divide the next
28 years into four seven‑year periods, we see that from 1997 to 1984
conventional TV advertising in Canada grew at 14.5 per cent per year. Then from 1984 to 1991 the average annual
growth rate was 7 percent. From 1991 to
1998 it was 4.3 per cent. But in the
last seven years, 1998 to 2005, the average annual growth rate drops to 1 per
cent per year, less than the rate of inflation.
So we moved from 14.5 to 7 to 4.3 and now 1 per cent growth. Like a series of steps, the progression is
heading in one direction, down. Not
surprisingly, profitability is also down.
1099 Private
conventional television in Canada had profit before interest and taxes, or
PBIT, as a percentage of total revenues of 22.9 per cent in 1982 and last year
that number was 11 per cent. Advertising
is no longer the largest revenue stream in the Canadian television system. In 1990 advertising and subscriptions each accounted
for about the same amount of revenue in the system. By 2005 subscription revenues exceeded
advertising revenues by more than $2 billion, conventional television's share
of that is zero.
1100 Yet
conventional television is still carries a significant portion or regulatory
obligations to support social and cultural policy objectives. So together the impact of digital cable,
direct‑to‑home satellite, the internet, fragmentation from other
programming services and declining advertising revenue growth are serious
threats to the sustainability of the conventional television sector. Adding to this is also the fact that we will
have to make significant investments in converting to digital and high definition,
whether that involves putting up transmitters in certain markets or simply
upgrading our facilities.
1101 These
investments will have little or no return and will not help us address the
declining financial health of conventional television. Finally, our main cost, our programming is
going up, not down.
1102 We
made a number of proposals here in our submission to address these issues and
it is our hope that the Commission will use this opportunity to restore a
healthy business model for conventional television that will reflect this new
environment.
1103 Peter
Viner.
1104 MR.
VINER: For most of us, conventional over‑the‑air local television
has been an important part of our lives.
For many years conventional television was the only place to turn for
children's programming, news and sports.
In primetime, we all remember picking our favourite comedies and dramas
and making sure we were in front of the television set on Tuesdays at 8:00 or
Thursdays at 9:00 because, if we missed them, our only chance to catch these
shows were summer reruns.
1105 That
is the model we grew up with. It was a
model in which many genres of programming were bungled by a local station, a
model in which stations set the viewing schedule and it was the model that
defined the economics and the regulation of television in Canada for many
decades.
1106 Having
grown up with the old model, our first response is often to discount the
changes that are now occurring and to assume that the old familiar view of
television will simply go on forever.
Unfortunately, the reality is something quite different from the old and
the familiar. The reality in 2006 is
that both viewers and advertisers have unlimited choice in meeting their
needs. Views no longer have to watch
their favourite shows at specific times on their local stations. Distant signals now allow viewers to time
shift and to watch almost any show they want at different times of the day.
1107 Certain
program types have migrated to the specialty sector, like children's
programming, sports and, to some extent, news.
While new platforms of all kinds including various versions of mobile
television and internet now provide viewers with the added benefit of watching
what they want, when they want, where they want.
1108 Today
in 2006 the old model for conventional television is gone and simply tweaking
the regulatory system will not bring it back.
1109 MS
DORE: Unfortunately, all economic indicators are pointing to a profound
structural change in Canadian television.
While this has been underway for sometime, we can now see not only the
serious negative implications for conventional television, but also the fact
that the change is not merely cyclical, but deeply structural in nature.
1110 It
is imperative that this policy review deal with the new structural reality for
conventional over‑the‑air television. This is not about tweaking a regulation here
or there to see if another percentage point can be diverted into Canadian
production. This is about whether or not
private conventional broadcasters will even be able to maintain their current
levels on local programming or drama.
1111 Conventional
television has been referred to as the foundation of the system. Cracks are starting to appear in that
foundation. This proceeding is an
opportunity to do more than paper over those cracks, it's an opportunity to
start rebuilding.
1112 In
1999 the CRTC put in place a new television policy. While that policy could not have anticipated
the speed with which the television environment would change, we believe that
policy represented a step in the right direction. We also believe that the Commission's 2004 incentive
scheme for drama is consistent with its 1999 policy and is also a step in the
right direction.
1113 Conventional
television still has an important role to play in delivering programming that
can reach large audiences and contribute to our shared experience as
Canadians. This is evident by the fact
that 41 per cent of all viewing is to Canadian conventional television.
1114 Local
programming remains one of the best ways in which conventional broadcasters
ensure that Canadians see themselves reflected within their own communities,
but this too is at risk. The financial
health of all of our stations is critical in ensuring that we can continue to
provide a local presence in markets across the country, especially in smaller
markets where the economics are most challenged.
1115 Although
it is true that the majority of our revenue comes from our foreign primetime
schedule, nonetheless 50 per cent of our primetime is devoted to Canadian
content and we must be more committed than ever to maximizing those hours and
finding ways to generate the larges audiences possible for those Canadian
shows.
1116 Over
the past two years one of my priorities has been to create Canadian primetime
programming that resonates with audiences and meets their evolving needs. As programmers, we know we must follow the
lead of our audiences, they tell us what they want to watch. And so the challenge is to create those
popular programs within the parameters of our priority programming
specification.
1117 In
the case of CanWest, those specifications extend to 16 hours per week when we
add our CH requirement to Global's eight hours.
To that end, we are committed to Canadian programming and specifically
drama. We have seven dramatic series,
that is full 13‑part series in production across the country as we speak,
a full slate by any standard.
1118 But
we need to also be in the business of documentaries, of reality shows, game
shows, entertainment magazine shows, any and all genres of programming that audiences
want to watch and advertisers want to be a part of because, frankly, if we
don't give them what they want, they will go elsewhere.
1119 Specific
drama expenditures of 7 per cent, 12 per cent or 15 per cent of our revenue
would do little to help us achieve this goal and actually would significantly
reduce and even potentially wipeout our entire profitability. We are therefore asking the Commission not to
add another layer of regulation by imposing spending requirements in addition
to content quotas.
1120 Equally
detrimental would be to increase primetime priority hours from eight hours to
10, 12 or 15 hours per week, because the practical reality of that strategy
would be that something else would have to go.
We don't want to significantly reduce our news in the evening period,
that is when most Canadians turn to conventional television, to catch‑up
on they day's events in the world and in their local communities.
1121 That
leaves replacing foreign programs that not only generate revenues that largely
subsidize Canadian programs, but also attract the large audiences which smart
programmers then use to effectively push viewers to the rest of the
schedule. And to be candid, CanWest has
an additional challenge. Because of new
funding drama envelopes established last year by the CTF, based on historical
use of the fund, as opposed to the equitable distribution of those funds, CTV
has access to over $22 million from the fund to help subsidize its drama, not
to mention the use of benefit moneys flowing from the BCE transaction; whereas
CanWest has access to only $7 million of that fund, which represents less than
one‑third of CTV's portion.
1122 The
net result is that, in addition to having a competitive disadvantage in
accessing the CTF, our ability to fund and recoup a portion of the high cost of
drama programming is largely dependent on the continuation of incentives.
1123 We
applaud the Commission's drama incentives, because we think they are the right
way to go. We think they have worked,
and, in fact, have allowed us to produce an entire series, "The Jane
Show", which is back in production for a second season this year.
1124 It
has also allowed us to recoup a portion of the costs associated with another
one of our drama series, "Falcon Beach".
1125 The
economic challenges of producing Canadian drama are not new. As an industry, we have debated this issue
for decades. And following very
extensive consultations, the Trina McQueen Report, which was commissioned by
the CRTC in 2003, concluded that while Canadian drama deserves a place on our
screens, it requires financial incentives and subsidies to ensure its presence
on Canadian television.
1126 We
are facing increasing competition from regulated and unregulated
platforms. Even the large U.S. networks
are cutting back on drama production, in the face of many of the same
pressures.
1127 As
a programmer, I also know, especially in these fast‑changing times, that
we must be nimble and flexible, and we must be given the opportunity to provide
a mix of programming that complements that drama.
1128 The
goals and incentives that the Commission have given us are working. We are finding ways to achieve good
product. It is just starting to pay off,
so let's keep going.
1129 In
fact, we believe that the cap should be removed on the drama incentives to
allow us even more flexibility in maximizing their use.
1130 MR.
ASPER: Commissioners, we filed an
extensive brief, outlining a number of proposals that, we believe, would go a
long way in addressing many of the challenges faced by conventional
broadcasters in the current and evolving media landscape.
1131 We
believe that this proceeding presents an important and timely opportunity to
address many fundamental structural issues and imbalances within the system
that are fully within your authority to implement.
1132 We
have carefully thought through these issues, and we have suggested a number of
initiatives, with a view to minimizing and defusing any impact on other
stakeholders within the system.
1133 Our
priorities are as follows.
1134 Number
one, we believe that private conventional television stations should receive
subscriber fees to help ensure that we have access to a steady stream of
funding, so that we can continue to meet our obligations and serve Canadian
consumers in this rapidly changing environment.
1135 Number
two, we seek maximum flexibility in non‑traditional advertising, and to
exclude U.S. program promotions as part of the 12‑minute cap on
advertising, in order to provide additional flexibility for broadcasters to
generate revenues.
1136 Number
three, we have asked that the cap be removed on the drama incentives to allow
us more flexibility in maximizing their use.
1137 Number
four, we seek to address the detrimental impact of distant signals by asking
the Commission to enforce existing simulcast rules to address station shifting
and to mandate broadcasters and distributors to work together to find technical
and other adequate means to deal with the impact of time shifting and the
second set of U.S. signals being brought into Canada.
1138 Number
five, we have also asked that broadcasters not be forced to collectively spend
hundreds of millions of dollars to build HD/high definition transmitters that
would serve less than 10 percent of the population. Instead, we propose to come back at our
licence renewal time and present our plans for the rollout of high definition,
according to the most efficient technical means possible.
1139 Number
six, we have asked the Commission not to add another layer of regulation by
imposing spending requirements in addition to the content quotas.
1140 Finally,
number seven, we believe that all local stations should be carried on direct‑to‑home
satellite, as this would be consistent with the Broadcasting Act itself.
1141 In
the absence of such requirements, local programming requirements should reflect
diminished local audiences as a result of non‑carriage.
1142 Commissioners,
before I wrap‑up, I would like to add that Canadians want to be Canadians. They want to be different from the U.S. That is why we have regulation in different
areas of our country.
1143 We
have banking regulation, we have transport regulation, we have lumber
regulation and mining regulation. That
is because we want to be different. We
want to preserve our differentness while accessing many of the benefits of
being next to the United States.
1144 What
we are asking for here is a regulated industry that is regulated with a view to
increasing consumer choice, and keeping the choice that we have, while keeping
strong Canadian companies.
1145 The
prescription we are proposing today, we think, provides for no deleterious side
effects to anybody else, while it supports the Canadian companies that provide
and support the system.
1146 We
thank you for your attention. I would
now like to ask Charlotte Bell to lead us in the question‑and‑answer
portion of the hearing.
1147 THE
CHAIRPERSON: Thank you, Mr. Asper.
1148 My
first question will be to Ms Williams.
1149 In
reading the presentation, on page 12 ‑‑ and I am only checking
if you misread it or you changed the number.
Here you say, at the bottom of the page, "CTV has access to over
$25 million." That is the number
that is printed. You said $22 million
when reading it.
1150 MS
WILLIAMS: The number that you are
reading is the full envelope that CTV has access to, and the larger number that
you are reading is the full envelope that Global has access to. The number I quoted you is, more
specifically, the drama portion of that envelope.
1151 THE
CHAIRPERSON: All right. And it is $22 million.
1152 MS
WILLIAMS: Yes.
1153 THE
CHAIRPERSON: Thank you.
1154 For
the questioning, we will start with Commissioner Williams.
1155 COMMISSIONER
WILLIAMS: Good afternoon. Thank you, Mr. Asper.
1156 I
will direct questions through Ms Bell.
Welcome.
1157 In
spite of your very thorough presentation and brief, we have almost 50
questions. I will share them with
Commissioner Cugini, so at some point, when we switch over, you will know what
is going on.
1158 In
the area of expenditure requirements, according to Commission data since the
1999 TV Policy Review, expenditures on non‑Canadian programming have been
increasing at a faster rate than expenditures on Canadian programming.
1159 Furthermore,
while expenditure requirements were removed for most conventional broadcasters,
expenditure requirements still exist for specialty services, and appear to be
working well.
1160 In
that context, please explain why you believe that expenditure requirements for
Canadian programming are unnecessary for conventional television stations.
1161 MS
BELL: Thank you, Commissioner
Williams. I will begin, and then I will
turn to Barb Williams to answer this question.
1162 One
of the first things is, conventional television did have spending requirements
for a number of years. The Commission
dropped those requirements as a result of the last Policy, following a very
extensive process, where it was concluded that, in fact, those requirements
were becoming a little complex to administer.
1163 Conventional
television, still, is quite different from a specialty service. We have different needs. We are structured differently. We have different regulatory
requirements. We also have more
detailed, I would say, programming requirements, in terms of local reflection
and priority requirements in prime time.
1164 For
the most part, specialty services, by a condition of licence, have Canadian
content quotas, and a nature of service.
They may have other requirements or commitments to do certain types of
programming, but it is certainly not as detailed and as focused as the
requirements placed on conventional.
1165 We
don't feel that this is the appropriate way to do it, and we believe that it
would add an extra layer of regulatory oversight, which we don't think is
justified at this point.
1166 I
would ask Barb Williams to add to that.
1167 MS
WILLIAMS: I would add that, from the
programming side of things, we are committed to the priority hours that are in
the current regulation, and we are committed to the overall commitment to
Canadian programming, so that there is always an active, strong and important
presence of Canadian programming on the schedule.
1168 The
flexibility that we are looking for as programmers ‑‑ to
ensure that we have the right mix of programs on prime time at any time is what
we are looking for, and what a spending requirement doesn't necessarily help
you at.
1169 The
challenge is that some years some genres may be more in demand than
others. Some great ideas may come to you
faster or more furiously than others.
Some years the financing comes together on things more easily than in
others. We can't force‑fit that
creative process into a spending requirement.
1170 What
we can do is ensure that we are out there aggressively looking for the best
ideas across all types of Canadian programming, in every single year, and being
sure that we fulfil that requirement in an active and steady allotment of hours
on the schedule.
1171 We
believe that that gives us the best flexibility possible to be sure we put the
best assortment of shows on the air in any one year.
1172 COMMISSIONER
WILLIAMS: Thank you, Ms Williams.
1173 Ms
Bell, if an expenditure requirement were to be reimposed, what formula should
be used to determine the level of expenditures, or what level of expenditures
should be required?
1174 I
will give you three scenarios.
1175 The
expenditure formula that was imposed on conventional television services prior
to the 1999 TV Policy.
1176 The
Canadian programming expenditure formula for the specialty services.
1177 Or,
one of the formulas proposed by other intervenors, such as CCAU, which is that
a minimum of 7 percent of revenues should be spent on Canadian programs.
1178 If
we were to reimpose, which formula should we consider?
1179 MS
BELL: Actually, I would reiterate that
we would not support the reimposition of any spending requirements; but, since
you are asking how we feel about each one of these...
1180 I
think your first point was the formula that was in place prior to the 1999
Policy, the same thing, which was a flat or a specific number, I believe, that
was based on revenues.
1181 Again,
I think the Commission dropped that spending requirement, in fact, because it
wasn't the most effective tool to achieve its objectives.
1182 I
would point out that, in the 1999 Policy, in fact, the Commission replaced
spending by increasing the hours of priority programming that we had to do by
double.
1183 At
the time, Global, in particular, had a spending requirement, and of the four
hours per week of drama, two hours had to be original.
1184 The
Commission actually changed that requirement, dropped the spending requirement,
and gave us eight hours of priority programming during peak prime time.
1185 That
would be my answer to the first one.
1186 In
terms of specialty services, as I explained in the first response, we are not a
specialty service. Conventional is very
different.
1187 If
we had to take on a level of spending that even came close to the level that
specialty services have to meet, I think we would be very challenged in terms
of being able to compete for foreign programming, for example, and in terms of
meeting our requirements for infrastructure to do local programming.
1188 It
is a very different animal, and we don't believe that a formula that applies to
specialty services can easily be transposed to conventional.
1189 Then,
the 7 percent proposal from the CCAU, in fact, would cost CanWest, at this
point, based on our latest revenue numbers, about $20 million, which is a very
significant amount of money. We just
don't believe that it is appropriate, and we still have to do a number of other
things.
1190 Part
of the issue with having a spending requirement, and a specialty spending
requirement that is targeted to one specific type of programming, is that, if
it is going to cost you significantly more than what you are spending now, you
are going to have to find something to take off the table.
1191 It
is going to have to come from somewhere, because revenues aren't really
growing.
1192 For
all of those reasons, we would not agree with any of those spending formulas.
1193 Perhaps
Kathy Dore would want to add something.
1194 MS
DORE: I would reiterate what Charlotte
said. We feel that a spending
requirement would, basically, add strain to an already strained system here,
and that, in fact, conventional television has two requirements which I don't
think are comparable in terms of the specialty world.
1195 One
is that, as long as U.S. stations come into Canada, we need to compete with
those stations and that programming, or we are just putting ‑‑
basically putting dollars in the hands of those U.S. stations and those U.S.
advertisers.
1196 Just
as Barb was saying that we can't force‑fit our Canadian spending, we also
can't force‑fit our U.S. spending.
And sometimes it is higher, and sometimes it is not as high.
1197 The
other thing is we spend a great deal of money in terms of the infrastructure
costs and the requirements that we have to produce local reflection programming
and in fact to the degree that we need to continue to do that, that is in a way
certainly a requirement, that we spend significant amounts of money on Canadian
programming.
1198 Barb,
would you like to add something?
1199 MS
WILLIAMS: I would just add that as we
worked our way through all the various scenarios that have been presented, all
of which were presented with genuine good intentions, that what we really tried
to do was stop and do the math on a number of them and think about what some of
those unintended perhaps negative consequences might be to some of those best
of intentioned proposals.
1200 I
think we need to think through what has always been the most challenging piece
of Canadian drama in particular but any high‑priced Canadian programming
and that is financing. And simply
demanding an increase of a percentage point or two from the conventional
broadcasters does not complete the financing on another whole set of drama
series or a full series or even limited series.
The rest of the system would have to step in and step up to be sure that
it could be supported across the board and we need to think about where that
money is going to come from.
1201 The
CTF has been oversubscribed terribly for years now and unless there is some
answer out there with the CTF that is not currently being proposed, I think we
have to question whether the CTF could be there to support the other half of
these increased spends that are being thought about for the conventional
broadcasters.
1202 Likewise
if we are looking for find financing from foreign markets or from the United
States, we need to be cognizant that we can't control those markets and we have
all seen what happens when the foreign market falls out when there is a good
year or a bad year with international sales and we aren't in control of that.
1203 The
spending requirement is only one part of the puzzle of financing a Canadian
drama and I think we need to be very cautious of stepping forward on one‑half
when we don't have a clear view of where the rest of it is going to come from.
1204 COMMISSIONER
WILLIAMS: Thank you, Ms Bell, Dore and
Williams.
1205 Ms
Bell, could you please comment on the possibility of implementing an approach
that would link expenditures on Canadian programming to expenditures on non‑Canadian
programming? What would be the pros and
cons of such an approach?
1206 MS
BELL: I am going to ask Barbara Williams
to answer that question.
1207 MS
WILLIAMS: That is apples and oranges, to
be honest. I think I can say very, very
confidently that no Canadian buyer goes into the foreign acquisition game
hoping to spend a penny more than you absolutely have to, that it has become a
very competitive game, it is a very aggressive game, it is one that we absolutely
depend on for the bulk of our revenue and ultimately that revenue supports
Canadian programming. So we go into it
to play the best we can and we spend as little as we possibly can and then we
come back with as great a slate as we can have bought to support the other
half, the other 50 percent or the schedule that ultimately speaks to the
success of the whole schedule because it supports it financially and it
supports it promotionally.
1208 Completely
separate from that effort to go and buy the best program we can as cheaply as
possible, we leap in with all of our confidence and all of our best effort to
make the best Canadian slate we can and we look for the best ideas and we reach
out to the best writing teams and the best creators, the best producers, the
best directors, and we try to finance the best Canadian we can and put it on
the schedule so that at the end of the day we have a mix of strong Canadian and
strong foreign, and if all goes well, they support each other and they both
win.
1209 But
to suggest that there is any equation, any relationship, any cause and effect,
any association between the cost of the foreign and the cost of the Canadian,
frankly, is to not understand how the game works.
1210 COMMISSIONER
WILLIAMS: Okay. So to help me with my understanding, you go
and you buy foreign programming until you have reached your goal, and your
funds that are left over, you then do the same with Canadian programming?
1211 MS
WILLIAMS: Someone may want to jump in
here. My view would be that it is not
that black and white actually. When you
go ‑‑ you are building both budgets at the same time and you
are aware of your commitments to Canadian and you are aware of the number of
hours of a schedule that need to be filled because you have to fill them
all. You are not allowed to sort of
decide one year that we won't fill quite so many because we haven't found the
shows that we want.
1212 So
you know how many hours you need and you know where your commitments are and
you know where your best ideas are coming from and you are trying as in any
business to figure out the best places to put your money most wisely, most
efficiently, most effectively so that at the end of the day you have the best schedule
possible that will grow audiences most successfully and attract advertisers
most successfully.
1213 That
is a juggling act and that is a balancing act that you are in the middle of all
the time and one always influences the other because there is only so much at
the end of the day.
1214 But
it is not like you go and buy all your American in one shot and then there that
is done and now whatever is left over goes to Canadian. It is not that simple at all and in fact the
Canadian is working away and fighting for its piece of the budget all the time
in relation to what is going on in the American acquisition game and both are
going 12 months a year and both are in constant evolution, frankly.
1215 COMMISSIONER
WILLIAMS: How do you allocate your
percentage of spending to each type of programming in that case then?
1216 MS
WILLIAMS: That is the business we are
in, I suppose. I think we work very hard
to understand where our best opportunities are with our Canadian, how we can
best take advantage of the ideas that are out there, of the interests that the
audiences have, of which genres of programming we think are most likely to be
successful with our Canadian audiences.
1217 We
look at what money is required to make those shows successfully and some years
that is more than others because some years the best ideas that are out there
that you are really trying to make happen are more easily financeable, you have
got an American partner who is interested or an international partner that is
interested or whatever. The pieces are
constantly moving on you.
1218 But
we are really committed to making that Canadian programming work. There is very little value in us using up 50
percent of our prime time schedule on shows that people don't watch.
1219 So
there is a constant effort to be sure that we have got the right amount of
money to support the right ideas on the Canadian side and at the same time we
are working all the time at understanding what the demand is on the American
programming and how we can best do the best deals possible to get the best
shows at the best price.
1220 And
those two things, as I say, you are working at them in balance all the time and
trying to find the best balance for the overall success of the schedule.
1221 MR.
VINER: If I could add, Commissioner
Williams, because I am often responsible for the budget. Every year it varies. There is a budget set for news, there is a
budget set for Canadian production, there is a budget set for strands of
Canadian production drama and documentaries, there is a budget set for foreign
programming, and every year it is different, frankly.
1222 As
Barbara said, it depends on what is working.
If your Canadian shows happen to be finding an audience or you have a
particularly attractive financing element, your budget can vary.
1223 And
it is true of the U.S. If the U.S. shows
are working, you tend to invest less in new U.S. shows. If they are not, you may have to invest
more. It is a juggling act. There is no linkage other than in total it
has to make some sort of financial commercial sense.
1224 But
a big part of that is news and how well news is working, should we invest more
money in news versus foreign programming.
1225 So
it is not as clear‑cut and as simple as it first appears.
1226 COMMISSIONER
WILLIAMS: Thank you. You have all helped teach me a bit more about
how your business works, which is important for us to understand.
1227 I
want to spend a bit of time now on Canadian programming. The reinstatement of expenditure requirements
that we have just been discussing has been raised as an issue to be considered
or discussed as part of this review.
However, the production community has raised other potential mechanisms
to support Canadian programming such as exhibition requirements and addressing
the issue of overuse of repeat programming.
1228 Could
you please comment on the notion of imposing exhibition requirements? Should requirements be applied to a specific
category of programming such as drama?
What would be the gains associated with the time‑based
requirements versus those associated expenditure requirements? And please comment on a scenario where both
time‑based and expenditure requirements would be imposed. We can break the question into smaller pieces
if you want.
1229 MS
BELL: Thank you, Commissioner
Williams. I will begin and then I will
pass it over to Barbara Williams.
1230 Again,
from a regulatory standpoint, a practical standpoint and a business standpoint,
I think that ‑‑ and I am still not sure that I understand the
rationale for supporting additional regulatory oversight where we already have
a number of layers where we have to adhere to.
When you consider 60 percent of your schedule has to be Canadian
content; then 50 percent in the evening period has to be Canadian content; then
we have eight hours of priority programming during peak hours within certain
categories and they are very, very specific categories, and if you happen to
miss one or you don't do it exactly according to specifications, it doesn't
count and you have to make up those hours.
1231 So
there are a number of controls and layers already in place and I would suggest
to you that adding to those layers may not exactly produce positive results for
the Canadian broadcasting system and I don't think that it is going to produce
results that is going to allow us necessarily to give Canadians the type of
programming that they want and for us, as Barb said earlier, to be able to
evolve with changing needs and tastes of consumers in order to be flexible and
nimble in order to address those things.
1232 The
other thing is there are costs associated with these things. For instance, if we had to increase the hours
of exhibition and then take on a spending requirement, in some cases, depending
on the quantum that you are using, some of those proposals could cost us $50
million a year and we just do not have the resources to do that. We just simply do not have them.
1233 That
would be the first part of the answer and I will ask Barb if she wants to add
anything.
1234 MS
WILLIAMS: I think what we are so focused
on, certainly at Global but I think across the board in conventional
television, is trying to get the audience to that Canadian show and I think
what we are struggling with is trying to find the flexibility to do the range
of programs that are most likely to succeed with Canadian audiences.
1235 We
would argue that the exhibition requirements as they currently stand to do
eight hours of priority within the 7‑11 period actually does ensure that
there is a strong and, we would argue, adequate base of ongoing Canadian
programming on the prime time schedules in peak hours.
1236 What
we would suggest though is that we open up the definition of what is priority
to give us a little more flexibility to evolve our programming with the
evolving consumer taste because there are years when some types of shows are,
frankly, of more interest and more exciting to viewers and other years other
types of programming seem to be what are grabbing people's attention and we
need to be able to move with those tastes and make the shows that people want
to watch.
1237 I
think what we have found is that in the existing definition of priority, which,
as you know, currently includes drama and documentary and under certain careful
means entertainment magazine shows, is that actually within those rules we
could have done things very differently than we have.
1238 We
could have abandoned drama altogether.
We could have just focused on documentary programming, which some might
argue might be cheaper. We could have
done an hour every day of an entertainment magazine show, which some might have
argued could be cheaper. And we could
have abandoned drama altogether under the current rules but we didn't and in
fact, Global's commitment to drama has grown from last year to this year.
1239 As
I pointed out earlier, we have got seven full drama series in production now
because, as programmers, we know we need the mix. We know we need some of it all. We will always need some drama. We will always need some documentary. We happen to believe that the entertainment
magazine shows have been a huge success to promote the Canadian star system
that we all have been championing in the English market for so long.
1240 But
what we are looking for is also some understanding that there are some other
formats out there that are also of interest to viewers and that can grow
Canadian audiences.
1241 So
we actually think the exhibition requirements are very satisfactory and very
successful at being sure that there is that strong base of Canadian programming
on the schedule but we would suggest we open up that definition a little bit to
allow the programmers to be a little more flexible in meeting the audience's
needs and tastes.
1242 COMMISSIONER
WILLIAMS: Thank you. Thank you.
1243 Recognizing
that repeats of original programmings is a reality of how broadcasters maximize
the various broadcast windows available to them, please indicate what you would
believe would be an appropriate ratio of original to repeat programming and why
would this be so?
1244 MS
WILLIAMS: Well, that is a hard question, honestly. I think different kinds of programming at
different times can both sustain and can be enhanced by an appropriate repeat
schedule.
1245 In
fact, we are seeing in the United States schedules now quite a different
pattern of repeats. You will often see a
series launch and those first few episodes are repeated many times in those
first few weeks as they try to get as broad a sampling to a new show as
possible. We are seeing series now often
run a few weeks and then stop for a while or repeat for a while while the
production cycle picks up again, before it gets going again.
1246 I
think all of these changing repeat patterns, and I think as programmers around
the world now, we are reinventing repeat schedules and re‑determining
what is appropriate and what isn't. I
think that speaks for to both the economics of the business that we are all
struggling with which just doesn't support the same amount of original
programming as it might once have and also is respecting the cost, frankly, of
making all this original programming.
1247 The
bar has been raised on primetime drama, whether it be Canadian, American,
English or Australian, the quality of that primetime programming now is
astounding compared to a few years ago.
These are films that are going to air every night and they are film
stars and film directors and film producers that are making them and, for
viewers, that is a wonderful change.
1248 The
quality that you catch on Prison Break, frankly, Mondays at 8:00, is
spectacular. But the cost associated
with that and the production schedule to make that kind of mini movie week
after week after week is causing us all to rethink the economics and rethink
the schedule and how we repeat programming.
1249 So
all to say, as programmers, we aren't looking to repeat anymore or less than
what we think is smart to both attract the largest sampling of audience when
you are trying to get a new show out there and get it established and then,
frankly, to try and, you know, recoup some of that huge investment with a
repeat down the road when you can catch a whole second wave of audience that
just wasn't able to get it first time around, given all the choice that is out
there right now for people to pick and choose amongst.
1250 COMMISSIONER
WILLIAMS: Thank you. Should a percentage
of a broadcaster's Canadian content requirements be devoted to original
programming?
1251 MS
BELL: No.
1252 COMMISSIONER
WILLIAMS: How much programming should be original in primetime, following along
on that same line of questioning, over a broadcast day?
1253 MS
WILLIAMS: Well, currently ‑‑ and it is dangerous to look at
one year in isolation ‑‑ but currently we are producing 140
hours of original drama this year at Global, that is a huge number. And we will produce that volume this year, it
may not all go to air this year, that will depend on both the production
schedules which are always hard to, you know, predict very very accurately, and
it will depend on the program schedule and how we can best accommodate it and
it will depend on the opportunities to be sure we can market and promote those
shows effectively, because the huge investment that goes into the production is
only part one, there is the commitment that has to come with that to promote it
effectively.
1254 But
that number, that 140 number of hours of drama I would say is very much at the
high end of what could be expected to be accomplished. Now, in addition to that, we do documentaries
and we do factual series. And as with
many companies now we, you know, we try to figure out smart ways to share some
of those shows across services where that makes sense, doesn't always, some
must be exclusive to a particular service, some can be shared.
1255 So
it is a complicated formula and it is hard to put a hard number on it. Again, I would say programmers are trying
always to put as much of the best stuff out there as possible. We are not inclined as programmers to do less
or do it poorly, we are trying to engage our audiences week after week after
week and have them come back to us reliably knowing we have something
interesting for them to see. So we are
looking to do, you know, as much as we can, as efficiently and effectively as
we can with the best quality possible.
1256 COMMISSIONER
WILLIAMS: Should there be a requirement for a certain percentage of original
programming and, if so, should it only be applied to specific categories of
programming? There's a value to having a
requirement such as I am suggesting?
1257 MS
BELL: I guess in my view that discussion probably would take place at the time
of licence renewals when we come before you and tell you what our plans are for
the next licence term.
1258 As
a rule, I am not sure that we would agree that the Commission should have a
general policy that sets a certain level for original programming requirements
and I think that that discussion should be taking place individually with
individual broadcasters when they come in with their plans. Because, of course, when we do come in with
our group licence renewals we are coming in with plans for the next five or
seven years on a variety of issues. So
we would be prepared to discuss what our plans are at that time. I don't think that a general policy that
applies to everyone would be appropriate.
1259 COMMISSIONER
WILLIAMS: Yes, the main reason that we are questioning in this area is because
of the issues and concerns the production community has raised in different and
new ways of supporting Canadian programming.
1260 MR.
ASPER: Commissioner, just to try to put a bow on this discussion and summarize
what I think we are trying to say, is programming is an art not a science and
unfortunately a lot of things have to come into place to put a Canadian drama
on the air. And as Barb has referred to
there, some of these things are there has to be a producer who has an idea and
a script and the financial resources to even develop the program.
1261 Usually
with a Canadian drama, there have to be other people financing in addition to
the CTF, foreign players, foreign broadcasters.
To be held to a yearly quota of hours is very impractical in our view,
because so many things have to fall into place to have an hour come through in
a particular fiscal or calendar year of any kind. That is what I think we are trying to say, is
the success of content providers, exhibitors is their ability to bring all
these resources together and produce a popular program and some years it
happens and some years it doesn't.
1262 COMMISSIONER
WILLIAMS: Thank you, Mr. Asper.
1263 We
will now move into an area entitled independent production. You are argue that few, if any, broadcasters
are affiliated with production companies and that this multiplatform
environment is more important for broadcasters that own part of their primetime
schedule. Broadcasters currently have
the option to own up to 25 per cent of the priority programming and
theoretically all of the other programming that they broadcast.
1264 Is
this not in itself enough flexibility for broadcasters and, if not, could you
please explain?
1265 MS
BELL: I am going to ask Barb Williams to address that.
1266 MS
WILLIAMS: I think the good news in all that is that what we are saying on an
important level is that our Canadian content becomes more important than ever
in a world of multi platforms because we are, frankly, the renters only of
American product and, although we have had some success at Global with
accessing some of the other platform rights on some of those American shows, it
is tough to do and it is unlikely that we will be, in the end, successful in a
huge way with a lot of that American product.
1267 So
the opportunity to work in partnership with the independent production
community on Canadian product and find other opportunities for it to be
successful on platforms outside of the traditional broadcast one is a huge
opportunity for both the broadcaster and the independent producer.
1268 We
are looking for an opportunity to be able to control enough of the rights and
to access enough of those secondary revenue streams that we have an opportunity
to balance out at the end of the day what that upfront investment is versus
what we can get out of it. As the
traditional broadcast platform decreases in its presence, as fragmentation
pulls audiences and advertisers away as those secondary platforms become more
and more where the viewing happens, we are looking for a way alongside with our
partners, the independent producers, to be sure that when a huge investment is
made upfront and it is thought of initially as the broadcast platform
investment that the opportunity down line to access the revenue that comes out
of those secondary streams is understood, is discovered, is found, is taken and
then is shared.
1269 So
I think what we talk about in terms of accessing those other rights is
respecting that to the extent that that upfront investment is still expected to
come from the broadcaster, but the outcome of that upfront investment is no
longer what it was because now really it is those secondary platforms where you
can hope to start to recoup some of that first investment.
1270 But
it is recognized as the broadcaster, as the key investor upfront that we need
to share in the backend of those other platforms. So we are looking for a way to manage those
rights with the independent producers so that there is some equity to it
all. That doesn't necessarily mean
owning the show outright, although it may, but I think we have actually
developed a fairly understood and healthy relationship with the independents. I don't think there is a lot of concern
there, I don't think you are seeing very many of the conventional broadcasters,
if any, anymore producing drama in‑house.
I think for the most part that has clearly moved to the independents.
1271 I
will say that as we look at that particular ratio of 75/25 that we did one
little piece of math that occurred to us that might be addressed, and that is
as the Commission did allow for entertainment magazine shows to be counted as
priority ‑‑ and I will say again that we think that was a
great decision and that we have made some great progress, frankly, with ours in
terms of promoting Canadian stars and Canadian talent ‑‑ that
that show makes sense on a lot of levels to be made as an in‑house
program.
1272 It
is much like a news show and its production schedule and cycle, it is a fresh
program everyday, there is no repeatability to it, there is no shelf life to
it, it functions like a news show. But
actually, to be able to do that show Monday through Friday in a half‑hour
form as we do and make it an in‑house show puts you over the 25 per cent
mark of your priority allotment to independent producers. It is a little bit of math, I am not sure
anybody actually intended that to be the result.
1273 We
would suggest tweaking that ratio both for the reasons of allowing a
conventional broadcaster to do a daily show that makes sense as an in‑house
show and do it in‑house without putting you off side. And also to recognize that as we continue to
find ways to finance these bigger shows, there may be some instances where the
exploitation of the other platforms and the costs associated with making that
exploitation happen in some cases it may make more sense for the broadcaster to
actually taken an ownership position of the show.
1274 So
we respect that a ratio is important. We
have, you know, every intention of continuing to work successfully with the
independents as we do now, but some adjustment of that ratio may be in line.
1275 COMMISSIONER
WILLIAMS: Thank you, Ms Williams.
1276 We
will now move into the area of advertising followed by fee for carriage.
1277 In
the area of advertising the Commission notes that you are the only broadcaster
who would be able to take advantage of your proposed advertising flexibility
allowing for the solicitation of local advertising in each market covered by a
station with a regional mandate.
1278 Such
a proposal would apply only to your two regional stations, one in CIII‑TV
based in Toronto with regional coverage throughout the major markets of Ontario
and CKMI of Quebec City with coverage throughout Quebec, including Montreal.
1279 Are
you proposing that under the scenario you would air separate local ads in the
markets covered by your re‑transmitters?
1280 MS
BELL: That wasn't our proposal.
1281 COMMISSIONER
WILLIAMS: All right. You can strike that
question.
1282 Should
the Commission provide flexibility in the manner that ‑‑
should there be a quid pro quo concerning the provision of unique local
programming in the markets where local ads are solicited? And if yes, what should the trade‑off
be and, if not, why not?
1283 MS
BELL: Well, it is an interesting question and we also did the math on this. The two markets that we are discussing are
basically Ontario and Quebec. We have
fairly significant news commitments, they are regional news commitments in both
of those markets.
1284 But
at the end of the day, if you look at the content of those newscasts, for
instance, if you look at Toronto, I think 41 per cent of the population resides
in Toronto and about 60 per cent of the content in our newscasts relates to the
Toronto area. Why is that? Well, it skews a little bit higher, but about
20 per cent of the content on the Toronto station actually has to do with the
provincial legislature that happens to be in Toronto, which is very much of
interest to people living across the other markets in Ontario.
1285 So
while it would count as local programming, and it does, it is still of interest
to our regional audience.
1286 All
of this to say that there is a significant level of local programming being
done in those markets.
1287 It
is the same thing, actually, for our Quebec station. For example, 95 percent of our audience
resides in Montreal. Ninety‑five
percent of English Quebecers reside in Montreal. Therefore, there is a significant amount of
local programming from Montreal on that station.
1288 And
70 percent of the newscast would be local content.
1289 So
we believe that there is justification to say, even though you are considered
to be a regional station, that you still have a very significant local
presence, and it is no longer fair to say that you should not have access to
local advertising.
1290 I
think it is also consistent with one of the positions that the ACA put forward,
which was to say that advertisers were looking for more outlets for local
advertising, and this is certainly one way of doing it, into significant
markets.
1291 COMMISSIONER
WILLIAMS: You stated that you cannot
monetize out‑of‑market viewing based on the manner in which
advertising is sold, which is based on a specific program, viewed in a specific
market or markets at a specific time.
1292 Why
can CanWest not sell out‑of‑market spill for certain programs,
especially if the spill is consistent ‑‑ is quantifiable and
consistent?
1293 MS
BELL: I would ask Brett Manlove to
begin, and Kathy Gardner may want to add something.
1294 MR.
MANLOVE: Thanks very much.
1295 It
is an interesting question for us, and it is a very good one: the fragmentation of our local signals, and
how, ultimately, we have not been able to monetize that.
1296 We
present our properties to advertisers on a market‑by‑market basis,
not as a network. Thus, our advertisers
build their commercials and their media plans accordingly.
1297 As
an example, General Motors Canada may have a spot that is run very much like a
national spot, but with individual tags, interest rates, the type of car they
are introducing, et cetera, locally in each of those markets.
1298 In
fact, it actually confuses the marketplace more that it helps it. So it is unhelpful to viewers, as they
receive, technically, misinformation. So
all of that combined makes it challenging.
1299 At
this point, it is coverage that they have been receiving over the years,
audience spill, if you will, and it would be very difficult to start to charge
for that now.
1300 COMMISSIONER
WILLIAMS: Thank you.
1301 If
there were any specific regulatory measures that could be developed or imposed
to solve this problem, could you propose anything that you think might work to
help?
1302 MS
BELL: Commissioner Williams, actually,
we did extensive research to quantify the impact of not being able to monetize,
and the impact, specifically, to distant signals, station shifting, and time
shifting, and the second set of 4+1, and we actually broke it down under each
of those categories for cable and DTH.
1303 One
of the reasons we did this was because we wanted to understand where the problems
were, and then try to address what the solutions might be.
1304 If
you are interested, I could ask Kathy Gardner to go through that with you, in
terms of quantifying what that is worth.
1305 At
the end of the day, we proposed a number of things to the Commission on the
station shifting issue, which actually represents a fairly large or a
significant portion of the problem which occurs with distant signals. It is about 43 percent, so it is several
million dollars.
1306 We
believe that, actually, the Commission doesn't have to make any new rules; all
it has to do is, really, ensure that it is enforcing its current simulcast
rules, because that problem could be fixed through simple simulcast.
1307 That
is one thing. But, then, if you move
toward time shifting, that is a bit of a different issue, because there are
different signals coming in from different markets at various times. So we are not talking about simultaneous
substitution.
1308 We
know that there are companies out there who are developing new types of
software and exploring new ways to be able to address these things.
1309 The
other thing is, we know that there are ways that are available now, if we could
work with the BDUs to find a way to cover over those commercials, so that if
you live in Vancouver, even though you are watching a signal from Toronto, you
would actually be seeing the Vancouver ads on the Toronto station.
1310 To
that end, I think that would help us solve part of our problem.
1311 If
you would like Kathy Gardner to discuss our ‑‑
1312 COMMISSIONER
WILLIAMS: I think that would be helpful.
1313 MS
GARDNER: When we started taking a look
at distant signals, we wanted to take advantage of the opportunity to
understand the very separate and different impact that occurred from station
shifting, as Charlotte mentioned, as well as time shifting.
1314 When
we took a look at station shifting, specifically, it is a phenomenon that
occurs when you have multiple options of the same program within the same time
zone coming from outside the market.
1315 For
example, one of the cases we cited within our submission was the fact that a
viewer in Toronto can watch "Bones", which is one of our programs on
Global, at eight o'clock. CJON
Newfoundland, which is a station we sell "Bones" to, airs that
program at 9:30 p.m. Newfoundland time, but the viewer in Toronto can also see
"Bones" at eight o'clock on that particular signal in Toronto.
1316 Finally,
CKND Winnipeg may offer that program at eight o'clock on their schedule, but
the viewer in Toronto can see it, again, at eight o'clock.
1317 For
example, a viewer in Toronto could see "Bones" at the same time on
three different channels coming in from outside the market.
1318 We
also looked at time shifting, which Charlotte also spoke to. In this case, we were looking at out‑of‑market
signals from different time zones.
1319 Again,
an example here would be a viewer in Winnipeg, who could watch "The
Unit" at seven o'clock in Winnipeg on CKND, which is the Global
signal. They would also have the choice
of watching "The Unit" later on in the evening, at ten o'clock, which
would be the signal that is coming from Global in Calgary.
1320 Thirdly,
there would be an opportunity, as well, to watch "The Unit" at eight
o'clock on a Detroit signal.
1321 Again,
three different time zones, three different opportunities to watch the same
program.
1322 In
order to really get a good idea of what this impact was, we took a look at our
spring 2006 BBM data against adults 18 to 49.
We used diary data across all markets for spring 2006.
1323 We
also had diary access to data for fall 2005 for Toronto and Vancouver.
1324 We
wanted to have an apples‑to‑apples comparison, so we looked at
that.
1325 We
then captured all of the programs that aired during that period, and we went
through 500 programs on a market‑by‑market basis in prime time to
determine how many people who were adults 18 to 49 years of age were actually
watching that program, how many of them were watching it via cable, and how
many of them were watching it via DTH, or direct‑to‑home.
1326 We
also took a look at deleting any programs that didn't pull any audience,
because, certainly, we wanted to see where those viewers were going and at what
points in time.
1327 We
also took a look at CanWest programs specifically, because we certainly have as
much information on that, more so than our competitors in the market.
1328 We
took a look at CanWest markets, and we also looked at stations ‑‑
for example, CJON in Newfoundland.
Again, as I mentioned, we sell some of our programs to those stations.
1329 We
also looked at U.S. 4+1 stations for programs that were similar that aired at
that time.
1330 Finally,
we summarized all of that information to give us an average number of hours
tuned, by program, by week, based on program length, based on number of weeks
within the survey.
1331 Then
we took a look at the dollars calculation.
Much like we looked at our CanWest hours tuned, we also looked at our
CanWest revenue, specifically against those hours, and determined what the cost
of that impact was.
1332 We
multiplied that revenue by the number of hours we identified through the
complete analysis, and that gave us a total by market.
1333 We
then came up with a figure of $54 million, in terms of impact, but we needed to
make some adjustments to that figure to recognize some differences in the
marketplace.
1334 Certainly,
when we take a look at the 130 U.S. conventional stations that are available to
viewers in Canada, only 17 of them are reported on a program‑by‑program
basis. That represents about 37 percent
of the audience.
1335 So
we had to take a look at that known audience figure and prorate it upwards. So that $54 million then became $83 million,
in terms of total impact, when we prorated that figure.
1336 We
then adjusted this figure downwards, because we wanted to take a look at those
BDUs that have subscribers of less than 6,000 that may not be simulcasting our
programs; and, also, any markets or any areas ‑‑ any
BDUs ‑‑ that were outside the "B" Contour.
1337 This
represented a decrease of $9 million, which brought us to a gross figure of $74
million in impact.
1338 We
then knew, from an assumption basis, that we would not potentially sell out all
of that inventory, so we applied a 40 percent sell‑out rate to that $74
million, which brought us down to the figure of $29.9 million, which we
provided in the submission. Thirteen of
that is attributed to station shifting, and the remaining 16 and change would
be attributed to time shifting.
1339 COMMISSIONER
WILLIAMS: Thank you, Ms Gardner, for a
very thorough response.
1340 When
you first began, Chairman Arpin said, "I have a supplementary
question," and about halfway through he said that you had answered
him. So it has been helpful.
‑‑‑ Laughter /
Rires
1341 MS
GARDNER: Oh, two for one! That's great.
Thank you.
1342 MS
BELL: Could I add one point to this,
just because you have raised it?
1343 COMMISSIONER
WILLIAMS: Yes.
1344 MS
BELL: This is a very significant issue
for us, because a $30 million impact is, obviously, a very, very significant
problem.
1345 COMMISSIONER
WILLIAMS: It is a large amount of money.
1346 MS
BELL: We have suggested some ways of
fixing this, but I just want to make sure that this gets on the record. We want to work with the BDUs to find
solutions to do this, but what we are asking the Commission to do, really, is
to help us get there.
1347 I
think it is probably not enough for us to just go away and try to sort it
out. I think it might be appropriate for
a coalition or a group to be set up, which would involve, also, senior
Commission staff in those discussion, to make sure that, once and for all, we
have those discussions and we sort this out.
1348 There
are ways of fixing this. The alternative
is to ask you to enforce deletion, and, of course, we don't want to take away
something that consumers have enjoyed for a while, which would upset them if
they had to lose it. On the other hand,
we cannot continue along this path, because, at this point, the impact is $30
million.
1349 We
are only at a 50 percent digital penetration rate. As that grows, the impact will only get
bigger.
1350 COMMISSIONER
WILLIAMS: I believe it is in your
opening remarks, as Item 4 on your wish list.
1351 Chairman
Arpin has a further question.
1352 THE
CHAIRPERSON: On the question of the
monetization of both time shifting and station shifting, the public record
shows, at least from the financial data that the Commission is publishing on a yearly
basis, that the level of national advertising on Atlantic television stations
increased very, very significantly between the years 2002 and 2003, which was
about the time when DTH started to carry more and more television
stations ‑‑ regional stations on their service.
1353 The
record doesn't show the same huge increase in other regions of the
country. Do you understand why it
increased so significantly?
1354 We
are looking at numbers like a 57.2 percent increase in national revenues
between 2002 and 2003, and then it is sustained over the following years.
1355 MS
BELL: I would ask Mr. Goldstein to
answer that question.
1356 MR.
GOLDSTEIN: Commissioner Arpin, none of
the data below the national level for 2003 can be compared with 2002. The reason for that is that 2003 was the
first year in which CTV started filing its network revenues allocated against
its stations.
1357 So,
at the national level, we can compare 2003 and 2002, and because the Atlantic
is a relatively small revenue base, what would happen is all of the CTV
affiliates in there would not have had the portion of the network allocated to
them in 2002. It wouldn't have shown up
in the Atlantic. It would have shown up
in the CTV Network as a separate reporting unit.
1358 If
you look at the data broken down for Winnipeg, Edmonton, Calgary, you see the
same thing, you see this big jump in 2003.
That is why.
1359 THE
CHAIRPERSON: But not as big as in the Atlantic
provinces?
1360 MR.
GOLDSTEIN: It is just based on the size
of the base.
1361 THE
CHAIRPERSON: Yes.
1362 MR.
GOLDSTEIN: But as I say, I mentioned it
in our report that is appended to this, we have to be very careful in comparing
anything 2002 before and 2003 afterwards because of that change in reporting.
1363 THE
CHAIRPERSON: Thank you.
1364 Mr.
Williams.
1365 COMMISSIONER
WILLIAMS: Thank you, Chairman Arpin.
1366 Now
moving to the area of a fee for carriage, we have a few questions in this area.
1367 You
stated in your submission respecting the results of a survey conducted by
Pollara that on average Pollara respondents indicated that they would be
willing to pay up to $4.96 more per month over and above their current bill to
access a package of their local Canadian television stations. However, a review of the specific responses
to question 22 of the Pollara survey indicates that just 24 percent of
respondents would be willing to pay up to $5.00 to receive such a package of
local services.
1368 Do
you agree with some intervenors that such a low level of support for a fee for
carriage regime for local conventional stations generally supports the view of
some comments that suggest a consumer backlash might be possible against such a
proposal, and if yes, please elaborate, and if not, why not?
1369 MS
BELL: I am going to ask Angela Marzolini
to comment on the research that was done by Pollara to begin.
1370 MS
MARZOLINI: Thank you.
1371 The
research we did, it was a survey we conducted of 609 English‑speaking
Canadian subscribers to cable and DTH and the findings you are referring to,
just to review, we asked cable and DTH subscribers to imagine that certain
stations were no longer included as part of their basic package and to tell us
the highest amount over and above their current bill that they would be willing
to spend per month to continue to receive these stations, the price that I
believe you mentioned to receive a package of local Canadian stations serving
their area, they would pay an extra $4.96.
1372 Now
to put that in context though, which I believe was your question, we also asked
how much they would be willing to spend for a package of Canadian specialty
services such as The Weather Network, CPAC, Vision and Newsworld that are
usually included already in their basic package and the package of local
Canadian stations. There was a greater
willingness to pay for those than to pay for those they are already paying for.
1373 So
for example, for the local Canadian stations, we had 50 percent saying that
they would pay versus 38 percent who said they would pay for Canadian specialty
services that are usually already included in their package.
1374 So
the demand there is higher than for those specialty services and it is also
higher than it is for big U.S. networks such as ABC, NBC, CBS and Fox. So in that context there is a demand.
1375 MS
BELL: I think Mr. Goldstein would also
have some information to add to this.
1376 MR.
GOLDSTEIN: I think it is important that
we ‑‑ obviously, I think this survey is worth looking at and I
know other surveys have been placed before you that show something
different. Some of them have tested
things in a way that I think exaggerates the negative but I think that
ultimately we have to look at actual results and this is not as easy to do as
one would think.
1377 This
is where I get my commercial in for suggesting that the Commission should do
more than just report on the Class 1 cable systems in its annual data and that
the Commission should also break out in a very clear and distinct way what is
for programming services and what is for internet and what is for telephony.
1378 Statistics
Canada came out with their data on November 2nd and we have been working with
Statistics Canada on this for some time and we asked them to produce a special
tabulation for us that took the internet and the telephony and the other things
out. So the numbers I am going to give
you are based on subscriber payments for actual programming services. I am not going to include the other stuff
because there would be another billion and a half in there but I have taken
that out or Stats Can has taken that out.
1379 Basically,
because this goes to the essential question here of elasticity, of would people
cancel, would people not cancel if there was an increase, and from 2002 to
2005 ‑‑ this is for all cable and satellite, all BDUs ‑‑
the number of subscribers went up 4.9 percent and the revenues went up 21
percent.
1380 Now
when the revenues are going up 21 percent at a time that the number of
subscribers are going up about 5 percent, this is not an indicator that there
is some great elasticity here, some great unwillingness to have reasonable
increases from year to year.
1381 So
I think when we look at the actual experience, we see that what is being
proposed here ‑‑ and what is being proposed here is something
that would work out to for many households about $1.50 a month, for some
households $2.00, $2.50, perhaps up to $3.00 a month ‑‑ is
very, very, very consistent with the kind of progression in fees that has been
going on in any event at a time when subscribers have also increased.
1382 COMMISSIONER
WILLIAMS: So I guess if I am to
understand you there is still a little wool left on the sheep, it hasn't all
been sheared off in the last few years then?
1383 MR.
GOLDSTEIN: I don't consider the Canadian
consumer to be sheep but ‑‑
‑‑‑ Laughter /
Rires
1384 MR.
GOLDSTEIN: ‑‑ I think that reasonably presented and
reasonably structured, I believe this is doable.
1385 COMMISSIONER
WILLIAMS: Okay. Thank you, Mr. Goldstein.
1386 The
research submitted by intervenors in this public process estimates that a
subscriber fee for conventional services would increase a subscriber's monthly
bill by between $2.00 and $19.00.
1387 What
measures would you expect that consumers would take to mitigate this
impact? Would you expect them to drop
services, and if yes, can you quantify this impact, and if not, why would they
not, which is actually more detailed information basically than what you have
just presented a few moments ago?
1388 MS
BELL: Mr. Goldstein is going to
continue.
1389 MR.
GOLDSTEIN: Yes, I am ‑‑
1390 COMMISSIONER
WILLIAMS: Maybe if I could just add just
a couple more criteria ‑‑
1391 MR.
GOLDSTEIN: Sure.
1392 COMMISSIONER
WILLIAMS: ‑‑ and then maybe you can cover it all in the
same ‑‑
1393 And
to what extent would this affect the existing Canadian pay, pay‑per‑view
and specialty services? And how would
this impact the introduction of new Canadian services and particularly new
Canadian HD services? And would you
expect BDUs to make any changes in their packaging as a result, and maybe
speculate on that as well? So what would
be the full impact, in your opinion?
1394 MR.
GOLDSTEIN: Well first of all, I think I
have to say when we see a range of 2‑19, let's perhaps put the 19 aside
where it belongs. That was a study that
was done of another potential regime. It
was done last spring in the context of the WIPO negotiations, which is really
something quite different than what we are talking about here.
1395 I
am not questioning the arithmetic in that study. I would love to spend some time questioning
some of the assumptions because the study says that it used as its proxy the
American retransmission consent regime and then put in some amount for what we
would call distant signals, and, of course, the American retransmission consent
regime doesn't include distant signals.
1396 It
produced a ‑‑ $19.00 a month flowed from a billion and a half
dollar bill that was claimed would be incurred.
The latest projection I have seen in the U.S. by Cagan (phon.) for 2015
is $1.6 billion. I find it a little
strange that if you are going to say you are using the American model as a
proxy, how you are going to get to $1.5 billion in Canada when it is $1.6
billion in the United States or might be $1.6 billion in the United
States. So I think we can discard the
19.
1397 I
think in the range of 2, 3, 4 or 5 ‑‑ the most recent survey I
saw tested for 5 ‑‑ I think that the reality of the amount
here is for you to determine, that the Commission has the authority to do this
and it has the authority to make it the amount it wants to make it, and in that
content then I think you can make it a reasonable amount that can be absorbed
in the system without disrupting any of the things that you have listed.
1398 Change
goes on all the time. We are going to
move to digital. Whether it is 2011 or a
year before or a year after, we are going to move to digital. It is going to happen and it is probably easy
to say, well if we wouldn't have done that and if we wouldn't have done the
other thing, this would have been at a certain level, but the fact is you can't
hold this constant. There is going to be
an evolution and I think if we approach this as part of the evolution so we
continue to have Canadian voices funded properly in that evolution, I think it
can be done.
1399 MR.
ASPER: Commissioner, just to add a final
point to that.
1400 I
think the numbers $2.00 to $19.00, again, have various origins but the most
recent reference to $5.00 is interesting because if you think about it, if you
take our proposal, it being an addition of $1.50 to maybe $2.00 or $2.50 to the
cable bill, yet others are using the number $5.00, that is assuming somebody
thinks they are getting a 100 percent markup on that. In other words, nobody says that cable and
satellite have to mark it up 100 percent to sell it to consumers.
1401 A
dollar fifty or $2.00 is about a 3‑10 percent rise in the current cable
bill, not much above inflation, and that happens every year. Whether you go buy a coffee or whether you go
buy magazines or anything else, that is a very respectable and saleable
increase in the services provided.
1402 Furthermore,
cable has been outstanding in figuring out how to market the continued increase
in their bills. We all still seem to get
cable, yet we are all paying a lot more than we used to. Sometimes they have added services, sometimes
they haven't.
1403 In
most cases now, cable and satellite are bundling with their wireless and their
broadband services and most people or many people, the research shows, don't
know exactly what they are paying for not only the services they get as part of
their television service but the television service itself.
1404 COMMISSIONER
WILLIAMS: Thank you, Mr. Goldstein
and Mr. Asper.
1405 To
the extent that pay, pay‑per‑view and specialty services contribute
more in dollar terms to Canadian programming than do the conventional services,
what measures do you suggest the Commission could or should take to ensure that
total expenditures on Canadian programming would at worst not be negatively
impacted under a fee‑for‑carriage conventional television scenario
such as you are proposing?
1406 MS
BELL: If I understand correctly, are you
suggesting that their revenues would go down as a result of the ‑‑
1407 COMMISSIONER
WILLIAMS: It may impact them so they
cannot contribute as much in real dollar terms to Canadian programming.
1408 MS
BELL: I am not sure that we are
convinced that it would impact them at this point.
1409 MR.
GOLDSTEIN: Commissioner, I don't think
they will be impacted.
1410 COMMISSIONER
WILLIAMS: Okay, thank you.
1411 In
contemplating how a fee‑for‑carriage regime for conventional
television would be structured, could you please provide your views on the next
couple of questions?
1412 What
specific factors should the Commission take into account in quantifying an
appropriate fee for carriage for a specific broadcaster in a specific market
and why would these factors be appropriate?
1413 And
two: Should the distinction be made
between local and distant signals for the purposes of imposing a fee for
carriage, and if so, what should that distinction be and what is your rationale
for that distinction?
1414 And
then the third one at the risk of going on too long in the questioning: Should the Commission determine that a
portion of the revenues derived from a fee for carriage be returned to the
broadcasting system in the form of expenditures in support of Canadian
programming, what methodology would you suggest the Commission implement in
calculating the percentage of incremental fee‑for‑carriage revenues
that would be required as Canadian programming expenditures?
1415 So
to summarize the question, what specific factors should we take into account in
quantifying an appropriate fee for carriage?
Should there be a distinction made between local and distant signals and
what should that distinction be? What
methodology would you suggest the Commission implement in calculating the
percentage of incremental fee for carriage revenues that would be required as
Canadian programming expenditures?
1416 MS
BELL: Wow.
‑‑‑ Laughter /
Rires
1417 COMMISSIONER
WILLIAMS: We can do them one at a time if you want.
1418 MS
BELL: We are all writing furiously here, I am telling you.
1419 COMMISSIONER
WILLIAMS: Just there is so many of you I thought we would give you a ‑‑
1420 MS
BELL: Exactly ‑‑
1421 COMMISSIONER
WILLIAMS: ‑‑ put the whole table to work.
1422 MS
BELL: ‑‑ somebody has the whole thing down.
1423 If
I can, I am just going to skip to number two just to answer that very quickly.
1424 COMMISSIONER
WILLIAMS: Sure.
1425 MS
BELL: Then I am going to ask Peter Viner to start answering your first portion
of it. Should there be a difference
between local and distant signals? In
our view, in the proposal that we put before the Commission this would only
apply to local signals. So that would be
the first answer.
1426 In
terms of factors to be taken into account, I think I would like to ask Mr.
Viner to give you his thoughts.
1427 COMMISSIONER
WILLIAMS: Mr. Viner.
1428 MR.
VINER: Thanks very much.
1429 Firstly,
our position is that this is not incremental revenue, this is replacement revenue. This is revenue that has been leaking out of
the system for over five or six years, as can be seen by Mr. Goldstein's
economic study, it was referred to earlier by the CBC and I expect CTV to
discuss it this afternoon or this evening.
1430 But
what it doesn't do is it doesn't measure the velocity of this leakage. We are at a very ugly intersection in terms
of the television industry, in terms of the shift in advertising to non‑regulated
primarily online mediums, increased investment in technology, pressure and
stress under our rights being either sliced by U.S. producers or in fact new
windows being invented by U.S. producers in the cable companies in terms of
video on demand for next day episodes of Survivor or Studio 60, whatever.
1431 So
our contention is that these aren't incremental revenues. If we want to continue with the existing
regulatory model the industry, the conventional television industry, is going
to require new revenue streams. If we do
not, then we are going to have to review priority programming, local
programming and Canadian news. The
system can no longer sustain its existing model. It is a regulatory framework that 15 years
old and if we don't make some fairly dramatic changes to it I am afraid it is
under so much stress that it is going to crash.
1432 In
terms of how you would determine a fee that would be appropriate for
broadcasters, we would suggest that after a policy hearing the most appropriate
time to do that is at licence renewal, which I believe is upcoming in about 18
months, and we think that that would be the opportunity when we could all
review what the outcomes of this hearing are in terms of other things aside
from fee for carriage and fee for carriage based against the licensees' program
plans and the financial circumstances the industry finds itself in.
1433 COMMISSIONER
WILLIAMS: Thank you, Mr. Viner.
1434 So
you are saying it is not incremental revenue you are seeking, but replacement
revenue for leakage to other new and emerging technologies and competitors who
were unforeseen in the last television policy.
Would that be a fair summary?
1435 MR.
VINER: That is correct.
1436 COMMISSIONER
WILLIAMS: Okay, thank you.
1437 MS
BELL: Commissioner Williams, could I just add one point on your question about
spending a portion of that revenue incrementally? I think in our view it would be very
difficult to do that again without going back to the whole concept of an overall
spending requirement, because the whole notion of anything being incremental
means it has to be based on something.
1438 So
if we then had to take a look at the base of our revenues on advertising and
figure out what is incremental from this, there is no way around it, I think
you end up with a spending requirement.
And again, I just wanted to reiterate that we do not support that
approach.
1439 COMMISSIONER
WILLIAMS: Thank you, Ms Bell.
1440 A
review of the specific responses to question 22 of the Pollara survey indicates
that just 24.. Sorry, that has been
asked earlier.
1441 Both
Rogers and Shaw, while opposing the introduction of a fee for carriage regime,
have suggested that if such a model was introduced that the Commission should
also eliminate certain existing provisions that benefit broadcasters, including
simultaneous substitution and priority carriage. This issue has also been raised in the
Nordicity study filed as part of Bell Canada's comment.
1442 In
addition Telco TV has raised the question as to whether the Commission would
change the regulatory framework where by distributors would be free to package
over‑the‑air services as discretionary services.
1443 Could
you provide your views on whether the Commission should reduce or eliminate
certain regulatory requirements currently placed on distributors in the event
that a fee for carriage regime be introduced?
1444 MS
BELL: I am going to ask Kathy Dore to begin and then I think Leonard Asper
would like to add something to that, and I may have a regulatory answer after.
1445 COMMISSIONER
WILLIAMS: Sounds good, sounds exciting.
‑‑‑ Laughter /
Rires
1446 MS
DORE: I think in terms of simultaneous substitution and priority carriage it is
our viewpoint that those are tools in the system that basically address the
competition that we face from U.S. stations coming into this territory and
therefore it is really mixing apples and oranges to look at any change in those
regulations as a response or as a quid pro quo for fee for carriage.
1447 As
Pete said, I think as conventional broadcasters we feel that the system is
under significant strain and that we view a fee for carriage as basically a way
to compensate for the erosion of our single revenue stream at a time when we
are still called upon to deliver significant value in terms of the kind and
amount of programming that we deliver.
And basically, to change the protections that were offered by priority
carriage and simulcast would just be further adding to the burden that we face.
1448 MR.
ASPER: Commissioner, I am a little concerned about I guess the tone and the
nature of the interventions I hear and even some of the things that my good
friend and respected colleague Bob Rabinovitch said this morning of CBC. This word keeps creeping in here, the word
benefit, as if broadcasters have some benefit that they are getting right now
and the question is whether they should still be entitled to that benefit if
they are asking for this benefit being the compensation for the carriage of
their signals or for the provision of programming.
1449 I
hate to risk putting a few people to sleep here, but I think it goes back further
than six years, unfortunately. We are
trying to prescribe something to fix an ailment. If you look at the broadcast system as a body
and if you consider a situation where you walked into your doctor and you said
you had a pain in your chest.
1450 The
first thing the doctor would say would be not let us fix it, take some Lipitor
and I am sure you have clogged arteries and go away. The doctor would say well how long have you
had this ailment? And the doctor would
say and are you a diabetic, can I have your medical history, is there anything
else connected to this that might be causing this? What is your family history. The doctor would look at the body as a whole
and not just look at the heart problem you are complaining of.
1451 So
if you go if you go back and you have to look at the Canadian system and
realize how different it is from every other system in the world and how
broadcasters have been sideswiped by the fact that we live beside the United
States. I hate to say this, there are
three eras of broadcasting, one was the public trust era, the second was the
more choices more voices era, one was 1952 to 1983, the next was 1983 to 2001
and the third era is the one we are in now, which is the digital broadband era
or call it the wild west for short.
1452 So
if you go back to the public trust era in 1952 you have the famous cartoon that
Ken Goldstein has unearthed which shows the antennas pointing south to the
United States because there were no television stations in Canada when
television sets got sold. So everybody
started watching United States programming.
1453 So
Canadian television stations started out and but they had this competitor. And no other place in the world would it be
the case that you would buy the rights to a program called, you know, whatever
it was at the time, an American program, and have to compete against that
American programming service in your own market. I mean, this wasn't the case in England or
Australia or Russia or anywhere else, because of distance, time zones or the
fact that people couldn't get the programs in one way or another.
1454 Imagine
if you bought a Starbucks franchise and you got the exclusive Starbucks
franchise for Ottawa and you opened up a Starbucks and right across the street
from you a day later somebody else opened up a Starbucks. And you call the head office of Starbucks and
you say wait a minute, I own those rights to Starbucks. And Starbucks says well, that's nice but we
don't really acknowledge your copyright and we forgot the trademark copyright
or Starbucks in Canada and so, you know, we just can't help you there.
1455 And
then so you go to the government and you say we would like an injunction, we
would like you to stop the guy from opening up the Starbucks across the
street. And the government says well it
is too late, consumer choice is more important, so we are going to have you
have the Starbucks across the street from you, and that was Canadian
broadcasting.
1456 So
in England the person who bought the rights to the NBC show didn't have to
compete against NBC and so immediately right from 1952 we started at a
disadvantage.
1457 So
later, still in the public trust era, the bargain was made, you broadcasters
will get the right to Spectrum and for that right the bargain is you will
provide the Canadian programming that this system needs and that we think is
good for it and that Canadians want. So
that was the bargain and that worked until the early 1970s.
1458 Along
comes cable and so imagine we are sitting in Starbucks again and somebody walks
into the store, takes a cup of coffee, doesn't pay for it, goes out on the
street and sells it for $5.00. And we
say, wait a minute here, don't I get some?
I just spent all the money putting that cup of coffee together, how are
you able to take my cup of coffee and go sell it and not pay me for that?
1459 So
the Commission said, well you are right.
You have just been robbed and somebody took $5.00 from you, so we are
the Commission, we are going to give you $2.00 back, isn't that great. That is not a benefit, we are just giving you
$2.00 of the $5.00 you have just lost, back.
How are we giving that to you? We
are giving that to you in the form of simulcast and we are giving that to you
in the form of section 19.1 of the Income Tax Act, which was the provision that
disincentivized Canadian advertisers from advertising on U.S. services that
were coming over the border, so that worked for a while.
1460 The
Commission at the time said, and we think you should be paid a fee by cable for
your provision of that service. But
times were good, that never got enforced so we got $2.00 of the $5.00 back. So that is not a benefit, that was justice.
1461 So
then, now we enter the next phase, 1983 to 2001, a golden era because along
came more choice, all the speciality programs, programming services, the
Canadian production centre grew up, lots of jobs created, lots of consumer
choice. And broadcasters wearily looked
at this era and said, things are still good, we are not at a point where we are
in dire need yet of that other $3.00 that we never got, that was taken from us.
1462 Year
2001 starts, 40 channels get licensed, broadband comes along, the PVR comes
along, the internet comes along in all its forms and it keeps mutating of
course and getting more and more pervasive.
And we have now said let us go back and look at that other $3.00, let us
go back and look at the part that you said, you the Commission said, we were
due because of all these things that were taken from us or all these pins that
got stuck into us.
1463 We
are asking for that now, because we are at the point where we need it to
continue to provide the service we are providing.
1464 We
spent a lot of time saying: How do we do
this in a way that doesn't hurt the others?
1465 We
don't think that specialty will be affected, because they will still get their
fees and their advertising streams.
1466 We
don't think the consumer will provide a backlash, because our survey, we
believe, shows that they are willing to pay for what they have been getting for
free, once they are told that they were getting it for free.
1467 We
have tried to find a painless solution, but it is not a benefit, in our
view. This is just catch‑up. This is just reimbursement for that which was
taken away.
1468 That
is my summary of the Canadian broadcasting system to date. That covers 1952 to 2006. I hope that you see it the same way we do,
but the point is, we are trying to find a prescription that does not have any
side effects on the rest of the body.
1469 MR.
GOLDSTEIN: If I might add a very, very
brief point ‑‑
1470 By
the way, that summary should be taught in schools.
1471 MR.
VINER: I am not even paying him.
‑‑‑ Laughter /
Rires
1472 MR.
GOLDSTEIN: When the Commission first
introduced simultaneous substitution and recommended that the federal
government amend what is now section 19(1) of the Income Tax Act, the words
that the Commission used at the time were "to restore the logic of the
local licence."
1473 Those
were the Commission's words, "to restore"; not to add an increment,
but to restore.
1474 I
take great objection to those who call these benefits.
1475 COMMISSIONER
WILLIAMS: Thank you both.
1476 It
is interesting that you used Starbucks in your example. It is part of the attraction, similar to
American programming.
1477 Rogers
has suggested that it would not be reasonable for BDUs to contribute to
Canadian programming production through both their CTF obligations and through a
new Fee for Carriage.
1478 Could
you please comment on this?
1479 MS
BELL: I am not sure that the CTF
contribution should be linked to this. I
don't think anyone has linked the fact that specialty services receive
subscriber fees and pay services receive subscriber fees and have access to the
CTF to the fact that cable should no longer make those contributions.
1480 I
don't see the link between those two things.
1481 What
was the second part of your question, Commissioner Williams?
1482 COMMISSIONER
WILLIAMS: Through both their CTF
obligations and through ‑‑
1483 MS
BELL: ‑‑ and through Fee for Carriage.
1484 I
would ask Mr. Goldstein to comment on the second part.
1485 MR.
GOLDSTEIN: I think the nub of their
argument is that they don't want to put any more in, if you will. They are saying, if you are going to add this
subscriber fee, maybe we can subtract something from the other thing.
1486 But
I don't see that as being necessary, to tell you the truth. I think the system is capable of tolerating
that which is going into the CTF, and it is also capable of tolerating the
subscriber fee.
1487 In
our report, at Figures 42, 43, 44 and 45, which are in the original report and
also in the supplementary material, you can see the relative sizes of these
flows of revenues, and, on that basis, I would suggest that they are all
sustainable.
1488 COMMISSIONER
WILLIAMS: Thank you, Mr. Goldstein.
1489 It
has been suggested by Telco TV and Bell in this proceeding that a Fee for
Carriage would lead to a bidding up of prices paid for programming by
conventional television broadcasters.
1490 Further,
it has been suggested by Telco TV that such a regime would not result in
increased Canadian programming expenditures; rather, it would lead to an
increase in spending on U.S. programming.
1491 Could
we have your view on the impact that a Fee for Carriage regime may have on the
prices broadcasters would have to pay for programming?
1492 MS
BELL: I would ask Barbara Williams to
address that.
1493 MS
WILLIAMS: I think the most important
point to remember in all of this is that, in our view, not to sound repetitive,
this is replacement revenue, this is not incremental revenue. So it is not like, suddenly, there is a whole
bunch more revenue for us to think about how to spend. This is replacement revenue, to ensure that
we can continue the way we are continuing now, and continue to deliver against
the obligations and commitments we have now, which, frankly, we are inclined to
do. We want to continue to deliver the
same level of service to our audiences that we do now, and we are looking to
this revenue to allow us to continue that process.
1494 I
would add, again, I suppose, repeating a little, that in the effort to buy the
best American programming that we can, we do our very best to buy it as
efficiently and as effectively as possible, and we are not in any way, shape or
form looking to let those prices get out of control. That just lets our business get out of
control.
1495 So
we are not at all looking to find reasons to escalate prices for American
product.
1496 MR.
ASPER: Commissioner, to add, from where
I sit, every year we will have a review of our overall strategy, and, of
course, we will review our budget, and our strategy has been, for the last
several years, to, number one, create Canadian drama hits, because we have a
relationship with producers that is better than the one we have ‑‑
by definition, better than the one we can possibly have with Warner Bros. or
Fox, just because of proximity and the longstanding ‑‑ that we
know each other.
1497 We
have had a strategy since 2000, when we received the WIC approval, to try to
win in news ‑‑ try to create a huge news presence in this
country. I think we have, largely,
succeeded. Global National, of course,
came out of nowhere, and is arguably ‑‑ I know that Ivan Fecan
is in the room, so I don't want to get into a public debate with him, but it is
arguably the most watched newscast in the country.
‑‑‑ Laughter /
Rires
1498 MR.
ASPER: He is up after me, so he will
have the last word. I am sure he is
furiously looking at the demographics.
1499 The
point is, we created a whole news infrastructure, and we have spent a lot of
money ‑‑ more money on news than we ever were spending.
1500 The
point of this is that, yes, we are trying to win the ratings in foreign
programming, but we are also trying to win in news in the markets where we are
not already winning, and, yes, we are trying to produce better Canadian drama,
which is actually a hit ‑‑ treated as something with which we
want to have success, as opposed to something that we just have to do.
1501 Invariably
what happens is, if there is more revenue in the budget room, invariably it
will fall not necessarily exactly pro rata every year, but it is going to fall
in all three of those pools of programming.
1502 COMMISSIONER
WILLIAMS: Thank you, Mr. Asper.
1503 We
are now moving into the area of cost of parallel digital facilities versus the
cost of transmitter upgrades.
1504 Another
digital transition scenario could be that, rather than constructing parallel
digital facilities, broadcasters could upgrade analog facilities directly to
digital at the end of the transition period.
1505 During
the transition period, cable and satellite undertakings could distribute the
high definition programming to viewers.
After the transition, they would distribute the low definition analog
programming to viewers, at least for a certain time period.
1506 What
are your views on this scenario, and do you think it would make a cost‑effective
use of the country's existing transmitter infrastructure?
1507 MS
BELL: I would ask Eric Heidendahl, our
engineer, to answer that question.
1508 MR.
HEIDENDAHL: Let me understand your
question, Commissioner. You are
suggesting that the BDUs could carry on with low definition broadcast after the
cut‑off date of analog?
1509 COMMISSIONER
WILLIAMS: Rather than constructing
parallel facilities, while your new facilities are being built, the BDUs could
use the old ‑‑ broadcasters could upgrade analog facilities
directly to digital at the end of the transition period. During the transition period, cable and
satellite undertakings would distribute the high definition programming to
viewers.
1510 After
transition, they would distribute the low definition analog programming to
viewers, at least for a certain period.
1511 I
would like your views on this scenario.
Do you think it would be an effective use of the country's existing
transmitter infrastructure?
1512 MR.
HEIDENDAHL: I would say that the ability
to broadcast in both high definition and standard definition could be possible,
and we could certainly distribute in both forms. So we could provide the BDUs with both
signals, if you like, and they could carry on, if they have a business plan
that shows that they have a business model that will make sense for their
customers to continue on with standard definition.
1513 However,
understand that, with the U.S. making their transition, the pressures on the
BDUs will be the same as they are on our transmitter fleet; that is, customers
are going to have an appetite for HD, and if they don't get it from our BDUs
and from us, they will be getting it from the U.S.
1514 COMMISSIONER
WILLIAMS: The Task Force on the
Implementation of Digital Television submitted its report in October of
1997. Broadcasters have had at least
nine years to plan their digital transition.
It will also be another two or three years before the analog facilities
are scheduled to shut down.
1515 Given
this timeframe and the declining costs of digital equipment, how much of the
cost of the digital upgrades would have had to have been spent, in any case, to
maintain analog equipment as part of the normal depreciation and replacement
cycle?
1516 I
presume that question would go, again, to Mr. Heidendahl.
1517 MR.
HEIDENDAHL: I think that is a fair
question.
1518 What
we are finding now is that, in the normal cycle of replacing our equipment, we
are now faced with the option of going to digital equipment or HD‑ready
equipment.
1519 If
I were to typify, for instance, our investments right now, we are making heavy
investments in our infrastructure and becoming not only digital‑ready,
but HD‑ready. That was as the
course of equipment replacement would go along.
1520 So,
yes, the cost of digital equipment is coming down. As my CBC colleague said this morning, there
still is a premium for digital equipment, but I think we would prefer to pay
that premium now, given the future of HD and digital staring us in the face,
than we would to invest in more analog equipment.
1521 One
of the edicts that I have given my staff is that any purchase that we make has
to be predicated on the fact that that equipment is either HD‑ready or HD‑capable.
1522 COMMISSIONER
WILLIAMS: Speaking of the CBC, they have
developed a hybrid strategy for digital transition, using over‑the‑air
distribution markets for reception. The
levels are still fairly high, and there is cable, satellite, telco and BDU
distribution in all of the other markets.
They would cover 80 percent of the Canadian population, with 44 DTB
transmitters. Twenty‑eight of the
markets would be in English Canada, and 16 in French.
1523 From
your perspective, what do you see are the merits and shortcomings of adopting a
similar strategy for your company?
1524 MR.
HEIDENDAHL: In fact, our strategy is
very similar to the CBC's, although they have a considerably higher inventory
of transmitters than we do.
1525 I
think we have identified that there are 17 originating markets that we would
target as those that would be good candidates for launching an HD transmitter
in.
1526 The
other issue, frankly, for us would be that we want to manage the business of
maintaining our transmitters and have some certainty as to when the shutdown
will happen, so that we can wisely spend our maintenance dollars on the
existing SD facilities, and then address those major markets, or originating
markets, with high def transmitters.
1527 COMMISSIONER
WILLIAMS: Thank you, Mr. Heidendahl.
1528 Let's
go into the area of satellite delivery versus the cost of transmitter upgrades.
1529 Ms
Bell, it seems logical that I just go straight to ‑‑
1530 MS
BELL: Just keep going, yes.
‑‑‑ Laughter /
Rires
1531 COMMISSIONER
WILLIAMS: Broadcasters have recommended
that all of their stations that originate programming should be carried by
satellite in their entirety. The
distribution of just their original programming on omnibus channels would not
be adequate.
1532 How
much would it cost per year to distribute a typical local station by satellite
in high definition across its market, including the uplink and transponder
costs and receiver costs?
1533 MR.
HEIDENDAHL: I think we discussed that
this morning. The pick‑up costs,
the backhaul costs, are really going to be borne by the BDUs.
1534 I
think, as far as replacing the link to the BDUs, given that the analog
transmitter will be shut down, that is an area where we would like to maintain
the ability to select the best method, whether that be fibre or some other
common carrier, to get the signal to the BDUs.
1535 MS
BELL: On that point, Commissioner
Williams, just so to get this on the record, even if the signal was being
distributed through another means, it is not through a transmitter, we still
think that simulcast privileges should be extended regardless of the technology
used to deliver the signal.
1536 COMMISSIONER
WILLIAMS: Okay.
1537 Mr.
Chair, I have consulted my schedule and I see that I am running about 25
minutes late. It might be wise that we
give these people and ourselves a short break.
1538 THE
CHAIRPERSON: I do agree. We will take 10 minutes. We will be back at five before 5:00.
‑‑‑ Upon recessing
at 1646 / Suspension à 1646
‑‑‑ Upon resuming
at 1700 / Reprise à 1700
1539 THE
CHAIRPERSON: Order please. Please be
seated. A l'ordre, s'il vous plait.
1540 So
we will pursue the hearing with Mr. Williams to continue the questions.
1541 COMMISSIONER
WILLIAMS: Thank you, Mr. Chair.
1542 Ms
Bell and Mr. Asper and panellists, we have taken the opportunity over the break
to very carefully go through your opening remarks and presentations and I am
pleased to report that you have answered about 20 of our questions that
otherwise we would have asked. So I am
going to streamline it a bit down to a few that we haven't covered and then Commissioner
Cugini will takeover and she has a couple follow‑up questions in the
programming area and some more detailed questions in the closed
captioning. So with that brief
introduction, I will move along.
1543 A
number of parties to this proceeding have suggested that imposing a Fee for
Carriage and relying on cable and satellite delivery, rather than off‑air
transmitters, will increase the monthly rates that existing subscribers must
pay.
1544 In
addition, households relying on off‑air viewing will have no alternative
but to subscribe to a distribution service if they are to continue to enjoy
Canadian services.
1545 Do
you have any estimate as to how many households rely on off‑air viewing,
what percentage would subscribe to a distribution service, and what the
proposed subscription fees might bring into the system?
1546 MS
BELL: Our estimate, and I think the
industry estimate of those who currently depend on off‑air reception for
their television stations, is about 10 percent.
1547 COMMISSIONER
WILLIAMS: And what percentage ‑‑
1548 MS
BELL: What percentage do we think would
potentially subscribe to ‑‑
1549 That
is difficult. That is a number, I guess,
that we could estimate.
1550 If
we follow current trends ‑‑ and I think they would also be
consistent with the survey that the CBC conducted in the fact‑finding
exercise that was done earlier, which was filed September 1st.
1551 I
think they actually polled 12,000 Canadians, and I think their estimate was
that that number would probably go down by half in the next little while.
1552 So
we may actually be seeing 5 percent of people, but, again, that is an estimate.
1553 I
think it is not an unreasonable estimate to be making.
1554 In
terms of your question concerning the subscriber fee, I would ask Mr. Goldstein
if he has anything to add to that discussion.
1555 MR.
GOLDSTEIN: Everybody has modelled this
in different ways, obviously. We
actually did our modelling separately from CanWest's modelling, but we ended up
in approximately the same area.
1556 On
the modelling we did, where we did 50 cents per sub per month ‑‑
and we restricted it, of course, to local signals ‑‑ and it is
explained in our report who would qualify and who wouldn't qualify and so
on ‑‑ we came up with a number in the range of about $240
million or $250 million as an input into the system of conventional television.
1557 The
only thing I would reiterate is that I believe very strongly ‑‑
and you will be talking to counsel later who prepared a report on the
jurisdiction issue, and so on ‑‑ I believe very strongly that
not only does the Commission have the authority to do this, but that the
Commission has the ability to structure it so it produces the amount the
Commission wants to produce.
1558 I
guess I would add that the number in our report, had it been in effect in 2005,
would have been equivalent to about 11 percent of the revenue of private
conventional television.
1559 COMMISSIONER
WILLIAMS: Thank you, Mr. Goldstein.
1560 There
have been suggestions that the Commission mandate the carriage of all local
stations by satellite undertakings. In
view of the fact that there are some 124 stations that originate local
programming, how much satellite capacity would this require, and what would it
cost on an annual basis to distribute all of these stations once they have been
converted to high definition?
1561 MS
BELL: I would ask Eric Heidendahl if he
has that information.
1562 MR.
HEIDENDAHL: I am aware that we don't
have that satellite capacity, and I am not sure what the build‑out would
be ‑‑ what the cost for that would be.
1563 That
would be a question, I think, for the satellite providers.
1564 COMMISSIONER
WILLIAMS: Do you think that perhaps
additional satellites may be required?
1565 MR.
HEIDENDAHL: Absolutely, yes.
1566 COMMISSIONER
WILLIAMS: Thank you, Mr. Heidendahl.
1567 Under
the heading "Assistance to Subscribers," in the United States there
will be a voucher program to subsidize those remaining households that cannot
receive over‑the‑air digital broadcasts.
1568 Assuming
that broadcasters here provide over‑the‑air digital services in the
major centres, what are your views on a comparable program for Canadian
households if the analog transmitters are shut down, and where do you envision
that the funding for such a program, if feasible, would come from?
1569 MS
BELL: We actually made a proposal in our
submission concerning that.
1570 In
fact, we proposed that a working group should be established in the very near
future to address that question in particular, and also to address another very
important question, I think, which is:
How do we ensure that consumers know what is coming ‑‑
the changes that are coming. How do we
market this to them and ensure that everyone knows and has all of the
information about the changes in television that are about to occur.
1571 We
suggested that, just as they are doing in the U.S., one possible means of
funding either additional equipment or providing subsidies to those people
might come through the sale of some of that spectrum, or the auctioning off of
some of that spectrum.
1572 But,
again, our proposal really was to establish a group that would put together the
major stakeholders involved, which are:
government, the BDUs, consumer groups, and, of course, the broadcasters.
1573 COMMISSIONER
WILLIAMS: Thank you, Ms Bell, Mr. Asper,
and your team. That concludes my portion
of the questioning, and I will turn it over to Commissioner Cugini.
1574 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: Thank you. You did eliminate a lot of questions.
1575 Mr.
Asper, my first follow‑up question is for you.
1576 In
your submission, I read that all of the suggestions that you are making to heal
this ailing sector of the industry ‑‑ it is all in. None of these are mutually exclusive. In other words, the various relief mechanisms
that you are requiring, plus the Fee for Carriage, it's all in.
1577 But
if I go to my doctor complaining of chest pain, she may not prescribe Lipitor
as the first thing, but neither is she going to perform open‑heart
surgery.
1578 Isn't
that what you are asking us to do by claiming that it is all in?
1579 MR.
ASPER: I think that is a subjective
statement. One might see it as open‑heart
surgery; another might see it as a simple pill to take or a patch.
1580 I
really can't answer that. Some may see
it that way, but I think the point is, we think we came far short of open‑heart
surgery by not proposing a whole bunch of other things, such as complete
advertising deregulation, which we felt would unduly hurt both the consumer and
advertisers.
1581 We
did not ask for a dollar, even though TSN gets $1.07. We scaled back and we took a number of other
criteria, and we came at 50 cents because we thought it was ‑‑
1582 It
is somewhat like the porridge and the three bears' story, not too hot and not
too cold.
1583 These
are a number of compromises. In our
view, this isn't open‑heart surgery, this is something far less than
that.
1584 And
because we are not asking others to give up something, we don't feel that the
rest of the body is suffering any trauma.
1585 It
comes back to my point that this is a very precise and acute prescription that
hits the exact targeted area, as opposed to something that affects the body in
a full‑scale way.
1586 It
is a matter of opinion, to some extent ‑‑ the words you used,
open‑heart surgery versus Lipitor ‑‑ but I think that we
looked at what we thought was open‑heart surgery and we scaled way back
from that and didn't ask for a whole bunch of things that we thought we were
entitled to.
1587 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: So you don't see this as nearing
complete deregulation of the conventional television model.
1588 MR.
ASPER: No. I think my point at the very beginning, or
the end of my remarks at the beginning ‑‑ at the outset of our
appearance, was that, as Canadians, we want some form of regulation in a whole
bunch of industries, because we want there to be a border. We want to have jobs in this country. We want to have companies that pay taxes in
this country. We want to have a whole
bunch of things that make us unique.
1589 We
are trying to propose a system that, in some ways, deregulates to allow
consumer choice, as much as possible, but also supports the Canadian companies
that are part of the system.
1590 Just
to come back to the Starbucks example, don't forget that in Starbucks, even
though I was referring to it only as a metaphor for U.S. programming ‑‑
if there were two Starbucks in Canada and not one, don't forget that that
Starbucks created jobs and tax revenues in this country. It is a vehicle where Jan Arden can sell her
CDs. It is a vehicle where Canadian
newspapers are bought. The cups may be
made in Canada.
1591 Just
because there is an American something here doesn't mean there isn't a Canadian
element to it.
1592 The
Canadian broadcast system, right now, is a very good mix of using that U.S.
programming to support the things that wouldn't otherwise get done.
1593 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: Thank you.
1594 Local
programming. On page 19 of your
submission you suggest that, in the case of local programming, requirements
should be significantly reduced or eliminated in circumstances where the
economic or market conditions do not support it.
1595 Do
you have any examples of such a market?
1596 MS
BELL: We do.
1597 I
will begin, and I will turn to Chris McGinley, who oversees all of our station
operations, in a moment.
1598 We
have two circumstances, or two stations in particular, where DTH penetration is
fairly high and we are not carried.
1599 I
will give two examples: Montreal and Red
Deer.
1600 In
Red Deer, for example, the DTH penetration now is 47 percent, but we are doing
about 10 hours of local programming a week, which is quite significant for a
small market station.
1601 In
Montreal, there is 31 percent DTH penetration, and we are doing about 18 hours
of local programming.
1602 And
we are losing money on our local programming in both of those markets, to a
very significant extent.
1603 Part
of our issue, and part of the reason why ‑‑ because this was
tied, also, to the comment that we made to say:
We think that local stations should be carried by DTH, but if they are
not going to be carried, then we have to go back at our next renewal and take a
look, on a case‑by‑case basis, in some of these markets and assess
whether or not it is worth continuing at those levels, or even, in some cases,
if the situation deteriorates even more than it already has, whether or not
local commitments can continue at all.
1604 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: So is it your position that, for
those two examples, if those two stations were carried on DTH, you would not
consider reducing your local programming commitment?
1605 MS
BELL: We would have to consider that at
the time, again, and we would want to consider it at the time of renewal.
1606 I
do know that, for some stations who were not carried on DTH and then received
carriage, I think it has been a slow progression for them to be able to
generate additional revenues and more viewing as a result of not having been
carried for a period of time.
1607 We
certainly want to explore that at our next licence renewal.
1608 Again,
by principle, we believe that local stations should be carried, and that is
part of the problem.
1609 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: One of the things that struck me
about that argument was when you said that there are real substitutes; that if
you were to eliminate the local programming, there are substitutes for the
public in those markets to receive local news.
I was just wondering what you think those substitutes are, and are they
real substitutes for television.
1610 MS
BELL: There are clearly ‑‑
and I am not sure that we used the word "substitute".
1611 I
think there is no doubt that there are more sources where people can obtain
programming. There are more community
television stations who are doing a lot of local programming.
1612 Clearly,
I don't think they replace the role that the local station plays in the
marketplace.
1613 I
do think that, in certain markets, it has become an important factor for us to
consider, and certainly at the next renewal we will want to consider what those
levels are and what appropriate levels are, given the circumstances of each of
those markets.
1614 Do
you want to add anything?
1615 MS
McGINLEY: Yes, thank you.
1616 I
would like to add that, of the 14 markets we currently serve, we lose money in
eight of the markets ‑‑ the smaller markets. That is a combination of the conditions of
licence, to do the number of hours, as Charlotte discussed ‑‑
1617 For
example, Lethbridge, with 15 hours of local programming every week.
1618 That,
combined with the fact that five of the markets are not carried on satellite,
which reduces the level of local sales that we can generate from those markets.
1619 So
that is our reality, that eight of our 14 markets lose money, and the reality
is because of the DTH and the high local commitments.
1620 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: The reason I wanted to pursue
this line of questioning a bit was because of the comparisons that were made
earlier this afternoon between conventional and specialty.
1621 We
do, of course, recognize that there are differences. The economics of both sectors are quite different. But I think that the challenges that both
sectors face can be similar. Whether it
is U.S. programming that is competitive to conventional, it is also competitive
to specialty ‑‑
1622 In
other words, everyone is going after the same eyeballs.
1623 The
one thing that conventional television has that differentiates itself from
specialty is its commitment to local programming. It is what distinguishes you in the markets
you serve.
1624 So
I just wanted to know if you had anything further to say.
1625 MS
BELL: Well, just one point on that point.
We have said we believe that local is very important. However, I think there is again, there is a
degree of service that has to be looked at and some of our commitments are much
higher than those of many and most of our competitors.
1626 In
many markets we are providing way in excess in terms of the number of hours of
local programming compared to what some of our competitors are doing. What we are saying is simply that we need to
take a look at those commitments and get back to you at our next licence
renewal.
1627 Go
ahead. Kathy Dore would like to say
something.
1628 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: Sure.
1629 MS
DORE: I just wanted to add, I think we would agree with you that what
conventional broadcasting can do uniquely well is deliver local
programming. We consider that to be a
responsibility that we have to the system and it is our desire to continue to
provide that in a unique way and in a way that addresses changing consumer
needs and changing market conditions.
1630 As
Chris said, in the majority of our markets that is not at this point an
economically viable proposition for us.
So much of what we propose here helps us to address that and will
certainly help us to continue to provide that unique value to the system. So I am really just agreeing with the point
that you made, that this is certainly something we understand we are
responsible for doing and that we feel that we can do uniquely well and could
do better were these things that we are proposing put into effect.
1631 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: Thank you. We like it when you
agree with us.
1632 Ms
Williams, you take the position that priority programming be redefined to
include additional categories and, you know, by your own admission you said
that you produced 140 hours or have commissioned 140 hours at a time when you
could have abandoned anyone of the categories within priority. Does that not prove that the inherent
flexibility in the definition of priority programming is sufficient to allow
you to meet the needs of your viewers in particular and CTV, their viewers, and
every other conventional broadcaster?
1633 In
other words, why do you need additional program categories in priority
programming?
1634 MS
WILLIAMS: I think what it does prove is that some flexibility is a good thing
and that the broadcaster can be counted on within the amount of flexibility
that we have to make good judgments and good decisions about good programs that
will be successful.
1635 I
think what we are saying is that more would be even better. I will add some other examples. I mean, we are very proud of the amount of
drama that we have underway today. We
are also very very proud of the new documentary strand that we launched this
year called Global Currents, which is one of the few opportunities still in
conventional broadcasting for the one‑off documentary to have a solid
place on a schedule that is promoted and marketed and valued.
1636 But
we have other types of programming that we think are also really valuable to
the system and an example of that would be From the Ground Up with Debbie
Travis, which was a documentary series that took a look at a young generation
of people in our country that for some reason or another seemed to have lost
some sort of focus and will to work hard.
1637 Debbie
Travis took on the challenge of putting a group of those young people together
for a number of weeks to see what she could do about exploring where their lack
of interest in hard work came from, where their expectation that it all ought
to be handed to them on a plate came from and see if she could help inspire
them to look at their career opportunities a little differently.
1638 We
think that was a really valuable program.
We think it explored a really important issue. We think it took advantage of building a
Canadian star. We think it offered great
opportunities to a huge number of people for work opportunities to shoot, to
write, to edit, to story tell, we think it was a hugely valuable show and it
didn't count as priority programming.
1639 We
think the opportunity where the right idea is there, where the right format is
there, where the right financing opportunities are there, we think that that's
a great thing to be able to put on primetime and be successful. So what we are suggesting is the flexibility
we have now is good and we have I think demonstrated that even within some
flexibility we are not likely to run to just the cheapest, fastest, you know,
quick and dirty solution. We are
actually still likely to do, you know, a lot of different kinds of programming
that are complex and expensive, but a little more flexibility would be better.
1640 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: We know that the original definition of priority programming was put in
place in part to address categories that were underrepresented in the system
and, to some extent, underfinanced.
1641 So
what can we do to ensure that that continues to be maintained, that that
policy, that that philosophy continue to be maintained if we were to expand the
category?
1642 MS
WILLIAMS: Part of the answer I think is in ensuring that the financing is there
for the more expensive properties.
Because I think part of what slows down the opportunity to do even more
of the high‑priced drama or high‑priced documentary or high‑priced
reality, frankly, is the inability for the independent producer and the
broadcaster to collectively find a way to finance the project.
1643 You
know, I mentioned it a little bit earlier, I think we need to as a whole,
government, broadcaster, independent producer, BDU, all of the contributors to
the system, I think we need to continue to find ways to offer opportunities to
finance. I think we need to think about
the CTF and think about whether there is a better way to share those
funds. I think we need to constantly be
thinking about if there is opportunities to grow the CTF, frankly.
1644 I
also think we need to look at another piece of our system which, at the moment,
actually historically has been doing a lot of financing and that is benefits
money. You know, we may have an
opportunity to talk a little bit more about what our position is on it. But when one looks over the last number of
years, the benefits money has actually supported a lot of high‑priced
Canadian programming.
1645 I
think on a going‑forward basis, if in fact there were to be any benefits
money to be found in the system, however that might come about, I think it is
really really important that we stop and think about how that benefits money is
best used to truly support the system going forward. I think it is really important when you look
at the opportunities of the few conventional broadcasters who really are still
driving the high‑priced production.
It is I think our second unique ability after our ability to provide
local news, is that we are the more likely ones and one might argue the only
one able to finance the really high‑priced production.
1646 What
the benefits money does, if I believe used properly, is allows the support of
the whole industry through that benefits money, which I think is actually the
real purpose and intent and spirit and intent behind benefits money. If that benefits money, however, is likely to
end up in the control of whoever instigated the deal that sparked the benefits
money in the first place, then I think we are potentially just skewing the
system even further and potentially just pushing one whole set of funding
opportunities off centre for the whole industry to benefit from.
1647 So
I think we need to look at all the different ways high‑priced programming
is financed. I think we need to be
conscious of that as we put expectations on broadcasters and I think we need to
take a particular look at both the CTF and benefits money, because they have
been substantial supporters of the financing opportunities.
1648 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: Your submission was quite clear on where you stand on the benefits
policy or test. But if you have anything
you would like to add, I will give you the opportunity to do so. But, like I said, your submission was quite
clear so, Ms Bell, I don't know if you had something to add on?
1649 MS
BELL: On the benefits question?
1650 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: Yes.
1651 MS
BELL: No.
1652 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: Okay, thank you.
1653 So
I will move to closed captioning. As you
know, there are those who would like us to mandate that 100 per cent of
programming be closed captioned. So you
could you give us your position?
1654 MS
BELL: I have to turn this over to my colleague, Jonathan, who I think drafted
the longest section of closed captioning in this proceeding. I think it was even longer than some people's
entire submissions. So I will let him
answer those questions.
1655 MR.
MEDLINE: Well first off, we are currently, because of a mediated settlement in
human rights, we are doing 100 per cent closed captioning with two separate
exceptions and we are doing that not just over the broadcast day, but over 24
hours a day.
1656 That
said, if your question is on a system basis and not on a global specific basis,
there are certainly I think cases especially involving resources which, of
course, is the way the act is worded, if there are available resources for
certain parties to come forward and say that 100 per cent is not possible.
1657 One
further thing is that from a technical standpoint 100 per cent is, on a
technological solution, which is what closed captioning is at the basis, technology
which involves humans, is a very difficult proposition.
1658 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: And what about advertising and promotions?
1659 MR.
MEDLINE: Yes. You know, it was a very
detailed settlement that Global undertook and we know of at least two other
broadcasters who went through that process.
On the advertising side, it was decided that that would be
accepted. We believe that it is best
left to the advertisers. That said, we
do encourage ‑‑ in fact, I know that Kathy here has had
conversations ‑‑ the advertising community to close caption.
1660 Commercials
create some real practical problems beyond which getting the message wrong is a
real issue, but covering up legal language, the degree of graphics on there is
a real problem. When it comes to the
promotion side, this is a practical problem as well. You know, we are dealing with a lot of
promotional elements. We use a third
party captionist for the most part and they are very short and they also have a
lot of graphics that would explain what the promotion is anyway. So it was decided that that second area would
be accepted, at least in our settlement.
1661 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: And you use a third party captioner for all of your captioning?
1662 MR.
MEDLINE: Well, all of the real time captioning.
Most of the programming that comes in that is, you know, in the can is
already captioned and there we don't have, you know any issues whatsoever.
1663 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: And how do you caption your live programming? We heard the CBC saying it was a stenography
method. What method do you use for
captioning your life programming?
1664 MR.
MEDLINE: Stenography, and it is the only ‑‑ if you want to
guarantee a high level of quality at this period in time in ‑‑
and I know in the French, they are experimenting with a re‑speaker
solution which you might want to get to ‑‑ but right now
stenography is the only one that can offer a high level of quality voice
recognition for instance. Although, I
think we would like to go in that direction if and when it is possible, the
trade‑off on quality is just too great.
1665 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: And there are parties to these proceedings who say that although the
quantity of the captioning is pretty high, it is fraught with error. So how can we as an industry ensure that the
quality of captioning increases?
1666 MR.
MEDLINE: Sure. On a quality basis we
suggested that broadcasters submit with their diversity reports on an annual
basis any service level agreement that they have with a third party captionist
and if they do it in‑house the guidelines that they have. For instance, in our deal with our third
party captionist it is a 98 per cent accuracy level, that goes to misspellings,
wrong numbers, what we will call Slavic text or something that looks like
nonsense to us, that would include that kind of thing.
1667 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: In your submission you said that deviations from the CAB standards should
not be considered as errors.
1668 MR.
MEDLINE: Yes, that is true, because in this case these aren't errors, this is
an area of style. So at the base of it,
and we also said this in the submission, is intelligibility. You know, that is the single most crucial,
you know, element of quality is in intelligibility. The standards and protocol is about
style. Now that said, you know, we for
the most part follow that style.
1669 But
I should point out that even a style guide like that has to evolve. We know that at the time a three‑line
caption, for instance, roll‑up caption was one way of doing it and a
recommended way. But frankly, given the
amount of graphics we now have on screen, the two‑line roll‑up is
now preferable to many parties in the system.
So you know, those aren't errors, you know, that is more of a
style. When we talk about errors we are
talking about inaccuracies and things that are just plain wrong.
1670 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: Thank you. Thank you all very
much.
1671 Mr.
Chair, thank you, those are my questions.
1672 THE
CHAIRPERSON: Thank you, Mrs. Cugini.
1673 Mrs.
Duncan.
1674 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: I have one question I would just like to follow‑up with Mr. Asper
on and that is the warm porridge. You
had suggested I know, in your submission, 50 cents per subscriber per month for
all private over‑the‑air stations, all or each?
1675 MR.
ASPER: Oh, each.
1676 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: Okay. And I noticed this
morning, Mr. Dumont, he suggested $1.00 for TVA and $1.00 for TQS. And so the point of my question is if we make
a decision today, is the 50 cents going to be sufficient for seven years or are
we going to revisit it and say well we were careful, so we compromised and said
50 cents when we should have said more?
1677 MR.
ASPER: Well, you know, you open up a question that is very interesting, is
should there be a seven‑year licence process, because seven years is
really a lifetime now. I mean, if you
look at what has happened even in the last three, I don't know if there should
be seven‑year licensing. So I am
not sure if it is enough for seven years.
1678 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: How long would you say then maybe
it would be? Maybe you can put it that
way.
1679 MR.
ASPER: Three to five.
1680 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: So you think it would be
satisfactory for you?
1681 MR.
ASPER: Yes.
1682 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: Okay, thank you. Thanks.
1683 THE
CHAIRPERSON: Thank you, Mrs. Duncan.
1684 Mr.
Asper or Mrs. Bell, this morning when we heard TQS they mentioned that ‑‑
they were suggesting that the recipient of the carriage fee be the
network. What is your position, should
it be the network or the stations? I
know that you have affiliates. They do
have affiliates but they were saying the network should collect the money and
then redistribute it.
1685 MS
BELL: Vice‑Chairman Arpin, we are
actually not a network with affiliates, so it would all go to the same place.
1686 THE
CHAIRPERSON: It is true, you don't have
a network licence.
1687 MS
BELL: We don't have a network licence.
1688 MR.
ASPER: We don't have different ‑‑
the network owner is the same as the station owners. There's no non‑owned affiliates.
1689 THE
CHAIRPERSON: But you have independent
stations that are buying some of your programming. I am thinking about Kamloops as an example.
1690 MR.
ASPER: Yes, but not as affiliates. I guess they would be ‑‑ it
is very little actually. I can't think
of anybody other than ‑‑
1691 MS
BELL: We have a program output
deal. Kamloops is not our station.
1692 THE
CHAIRPERSON: So it will be based on a
station‑per‑station basis?
1693 MS
BELL: That is correct.
1694 THE
CHAIRPERSON: Okay.
1695 A
question also that we discussed this morning with TQS was about PBIT margins. What will be the PBIT margins that you will
be looking for?
1696 You
are suggesting 50 cents on a per capita basis but obviously it will have an
impact on your revenue line. It will
also have some kind of an impact ‑‑ obviously part of that
money will be spent through programming and other resources but what type of
PBIT margins are you looking for, taking into consideration your current PBIT
margins?
1697 MR.
ASPER: Well I think ‑‑
I get asked that question sometimes by investment analysts as well and as a
business person the natural answer is as high as possible.
1698 THE
CHAIRPERSON: Yes.
1699 MR.
ASPER: Now if you go back to our second
era of broadcasting, our margins at that time were in the 30s and this package
of proposals we are talking about, we think, would get us to about 20. We would like to be a lot closer to 25 or 30.
1700 We
don't realistically think ‑‑ very few businesses do better
than 30 percent and we don't realistically think it is ever possible to get
back there but we think that 25 to 30 would be the range we would be looking
at.
1701 That
is where other businesses that we operate, whether it is Australian television
or Canadian newspapers, those businesses do in those margin ranges, and as
allocators of capital, we want to make sure we are allocating the capital to
businesses that perform ‑‑ we skew towards the ones that will
do better.
1702 So
as the bank here, which is what a holding parent company sometimes is, in order
to merit, deserve the capital we have to allocate, that business has to be
doing a similar margin to the other businesses or other places we could
possibly invest our capital, and that number, 25 to 30 percent, would be sufficient.
1703 THE
CHAIRPERSON: Okay.
1704 My
last question will be to Mr. Goldstein.
You referred to the charts that you submitted earlier this morning and I
am particularly looking at figures 42, 43 and 44 in both your original
submission and your new one.
1705 On
your right‑hand side you have an "other" under which I find an
amount of $269 million. What comprises
that $269 million?
1706 MR.
GOLDSTEIN: In the reports from both the
Commission and Statistics Canada the main revenue sources, advertising
subscriptions and so on, sometimes you will get a breakdown of a number of
other things but there is always an "other" entry.
1707 Sometimes
the entry is very, very small, as it is, for example, for pay television,
sometimes it is a little bit larger, and in order to make the chart complete I
had to cumulate up the "other" entries ‑‑
1708 THE
CHAIRPERSON: Okay.
1709 MR.
GOLDSTEIN: ‑‑ from the reports and show them.
1710 THE
CHAIRPERSON: So it will include, if
there is any, retransmission right? Will
I find that, generally speaking? Now I
am not asking the question to you but to Global particularly. They do receive this retransmission right
from CBRA and do they include those amounts under "other"?
1711 MS
BELL: I am going to ask Chris Pang to
answer that.
1712 MR.
PANG: Well I can answer with respect to
the CBRA amounts. We receive a very,
very small amount but in terms of the accounting I am not sure whether it is
"other" or not.
1713 MS
BELL: Actually I don't know where it is
accounted but we can get that information for you.
1714 THE
CHAIRPERSON: Will you please submit it?
1715 MS
BELL: Absolutely.
1716 THE
CHAIRPERSON: Thank you very much.
1717 Well,
Mr. Asper, Madam Bell and all of your team, I want on behalf of the Commission
to thank you very much for your presentation today. It was very comprehensive and we appreciate
it.
1718 We
will take another 10‑minute break to allow CTV to come up to the
table. So by 10 to 6:00 we will initiate
the proceeding with CTV. Thank you.
‑‑‑ Upon recessing
at 1738 / Suspension à 1738
‑‑‑ Upon resuming
at 1753 / Reprise à 1753
1719 THE
CHAIRPERSON: Madam Secretary.
1720 THE
SECRETARY: Thank you, Mr. Chairman.
1721 We
will now call on the next participant, CTV Inc., to make their presentation.
1722 Mr.
Ivan Fecan will be introducing his colleagues, and then you will have 15
minutes for your presentation.
PRESENTATION / PRÉSENTATION
1723 MR.
FECAN: Good afternoon, Mr. Chairman,
Members of the Commission, and hard‑working CRTC Staff this evening.
1724 For
the record, my name is Ivan Fecan. I am
President and Chief Executive Officer of Bell Globemedia, and CEO of CTV.
1725 Before
we begin, I would like to introduce our panel.
1726 To
my right is Paul Sparkes, Senior Vice‑President Corporate and Public
Affairs for Bell Globemedia; and Kathy Robinson of Goodmans.
1727 Starting
from my immediate left Rick Brace, President of CTV; Suzanne Boyce, President
of CTV Programming and Chair of CTV's Media Group; Ed Robinson, Senior Vice‑President,
Comedy and Variety Programming for CTV; Brian McCluskey, Vice‑President
of Revenue Management for CTV; Elaine Ali, Senior Vice‑President of the
CTV Station Group; and Allan Morris, Senior Vice‑President, Engineering
and operations.
1728 In
the second row, starting from your left are Rob Malcolmson of Goodmans; Clare
Brown, CTV's Vice‑President of Finance; Debra McLaughlin of Strategic
Inc.; and Stephen Armstrong of Stephen M. Armstrong Consulting.
1729 Thank
you for the opportunity to appear before you in this hearing. We have carefully reviewed and reflected on
the submissions by others and we have refined our own thinking
accordingly. It is late in the day and
so we would like to focus on the key issues from our perspective and the
solutions we are putting forward.
1730 Let
me give you the headlines. We believe
the conventional television sector is heading into trouble financially and
needs help if it is to meet the challenges of the future. We also believe that it remains the
cornerstone of the broadcast system and is worth fighting for. But conventional television is not in a
position to give more unless it gets more.
1731 We
are proposing a fee for local signals.
We would spend 100 per cent of that fee on incremental initiatives, half
to additional expenditures on priority programming, half to other incremental
initiatives as suggested by us and accepted by the Commission. Please note that when I say incremental I
refer incremental in respect of the current climate only. The appropriate mechanism for measuring this
should be established at licence renewal and take into account the economic
conditions at that time.
1732 Distant
signals should be treated as a free market business issue. We are asking for the right to withdraw our
distant signals if we are unable to negotiate fair compensation with the
BDUs. We believe satellite BDUs should have
the same obligations as cable, to carry every single local station in each
community they serve. In small town and
rural areas where satellite is dominant an unintended consequence is the
destruction of the local stations they leave behind.
1733 And
finally and most importantly, let us not forget the audience. We at CTV passionately believe in quality
over quantity. Who do we serve if we
fill the airwaves with shows no one watches?
This isn't just rhetoric. In the
last five years we have increased the viewing to our Canadian priority programs
by 37 per cent and that doesn't include programs funded by benefits. We now have the top‑rated Canadian
shows in every genre and we are helping to build at least a star system in the
process.
1734 The
lesson we learned from the BC benefits and have applied everywhere we can is
that if you concentrate on the creator, remove the well‑intentioned
bureaucratic framework of the funding agencies and put quality ahead of volume,
your odds of developing a hit increases exponentially.
1735 Now
I would like to turn it over to Rick Brace and our team to discuss these
issues.
1736 MR.
BRACE: Thanks very much, Ivan.
1737 The
market force is impacting the conventional television sector detailed in our
OIC submission. Major leaps in the advancement
of technology are not new, but never before have a number of these technologies
come together on such a scale and in such concert with the redefinition of the
relationship between content and user.
1738 Today,
we are no longer competing with just each other, but in a borderless
environment with international media conglomerates like Vicom, Disney and
Google as well as unregulated content aggregators like YouTube and BitTorrent.
1739 We
are at the mercy of foreign copyright holders how now regularly consider
whether they would do better financially by complete bypassing us and using
alternate technologies to reach our audience directly. This radical shift is occurring against the
background of a continual multi‑decade decline in the viewing share of
conventional television. This audience
erosion trend is happening everywhere in the world and is unstoppable.
1740 It
is true that over the last few years CTV has reversed the trend a little, but
we have been swimming upstream against the tide. Now our audiences are also declining along
with everyone else's. No one should
mistake our success which was accomplished by winning share from our competitors
for an improvement the sector, which has continued to decline.
1741 There
are many submissions before you on how difficult the conventional television
business has become and the numbers are compelling. For the last 20 years viewing share for
conventional television has spiralled downward from 49.8 per cent in 1986 to
30.5 per cent in 2006. Even more
alarming, this rate of decline is accelerating and, simply put, reduced tuning
translates to reduced advertising dollars.
1742 In
the face of this conventional broadcasters are expected to incur hundreds of
millions of dollars to convert to high definition just to stay
competitive. For CTV these costs would
be approximately $160 million to build out transmitters and $40 million to
convert our master controls to HD, plus an additional $200 million to upgrade
all of our stations. No new revenues
come from this expense. This is unlike
the infrastructure rebuild done by cable, which has generated all kinds of new
revenues.
1743 We
also need to acquire additional rights for our programming, both foreign and
Canadian and build infrastructure for new media applications like broadband
streaming. This is necessary to stay
connected with our audience, but it is mostly leading edge expense. The combination of these market forces is
pushing private conventional broadcasting to a tipping point.
1744 Suzanne.
1745 MS
BOYCE: Thank you, Rick.
1746 Even
in the face of these challenges, we believe there is and will continue to be a
vital place for private conventional television within the Canadian
broadcasting system. Conventional
television is still our national town square with unrivalled universal
reach. Nowhere else will you find a nation‑building
platform that brings together audiences from across the country on such scale
and with such consistency. A stage to
showcase the talents of our creators, producers and actors in all genres of
programming and a medium that contributes to the very fabric of local
communities through telethons, promotion of local business, the arts and local
heroes.
1747 The
1999 television policy challenged us to develop a vision that would build on
our successes in Canadian programming.
We responded to that challenge with a plan to increase audiences to
Canadian priority programming. We have
done just that. In fact, viewing to our
Canadian priority programs has increased by 37 per cent since the
implementation of the television policy.
1748 Our
priority programs over the past five years have grossed some of the highest
audiences for Canadian programming over the history of Canadian
television. As Ivan has said, we are
passionate about Canadian programming and we are proud to have the number one
English‑language Canadian show in every single genre. The number one drama series Degrassi: The
Next Generation; the number one movie of the week this year Eight Days to Live;
and since 1997 45 of our movies have reached over one million viewers; the
number one documentaries like Ice Storm, The Salé and Pelltier Affair, the
Parkinson's Enigma and the Notorious Mrs. Dick, again all over a million
viewers.
1749 W5,
the number one current affairs program in Canada and the longest running series
in North America. We have the number one
national and local newscasts in virtually every market; the number one star‑building
show, eTalk, the number one award show, the Junos; the number one comedy series
in the country, American or Canadian, consistently a top‑20 rated show,
Corner Gas; and last but not least, the number one Canadian series ever,
Canadian Idol.
1750 Many
of these shows are sold worldwide and just this weekend Corner Gas was picked
up in both the United States and Iraq along with 25 other countries. And Degrassi: The Next Generation has reached
iconic status south of the border.
1751 One
of the objectives of the 1999 television policy was for English‑language
broadcasters to develop star‑building vehicles to promote new programs
and Canadian talent. CTV has delivered
on this and helped drive audiences to Canadian programs through eTalk and a
focused use of CTV's promotional muscle.
1752 We
shouldn't underestimate the importance of the cultural impact of star‑building. Let me give you a recent example, if I
may. With CTV's primetime airing of the
Giller Prize on November 7, Toronto emergency doctor Vincent Lam accepted the
2006 Giller prize for his very first novel, Bloodletting & Miraculous
Cures, over half a million people watched on CTV, an audience that speciality
has not been able to deliver for this program.
Within one week of this broadcast and all of the ancillary exposure on
Canada AM, eTalk and newscasts, Dr. Lam's book rocketed to number one on the
fiction bestseller list.
1753 That
is the power of conventional television and, when applied to Canadian culture,
that is why it is worth fighting for.
1754 MR.
BRACE: We believe we need to build on the successes from the 1999 television
policy. We need to develop a
conventional broadcast television model that will ensure we can continue to
contribute effectively to the creation and presentation of Canadian
programming. The first essential
regulatory tool is a local service subscription fee with no trade‑off of
priority carriage or simultaneous substitution.
1755 In
return, we will spend 100 per cent, every penny, of the revenue that we receive
on incremental initiatives, with 50 per cent to priority programming
expenditures and 50 per cent to other initiatives, as proposed by us and
accepted by the Commission. We have
examined different models to determine the revenue that would be generated from
our proposal.
1756 Let
us use Toronto as an example. The
largest market with the most local stations and therefore the highest potential
fee increase for a subscriber. Now, let
us say the local service subscription fee was 10 cents per sub per private
station per month. This means the total
monthly cost of this proposal to a Toronto subscriber would be 80 cents. According to our surveys, consumers would
readily pay this amount for local conventional stations.
1757 This
is much lower than the average DTH rate increases over the past three
years. We would hope the distributors
would absorb this amount or, in the worst case, simply pass it through without
mark‑up. This model would generate
a total of approximately $17 million per year to Toronto private conventional
broadcasters alone and $95 million per year on a national basis. By our proposal, all $95 million would go to
incremental initiatives with half, $47.5 million per year to priority
programming.
1758 These
incremental dollars would enable the system to take priority programming to the
next level. The BDUs would have you
believe that compensation for carriage would be devastating to the television
industry and would lead to consumers moving away from the regulated system
entirely. These claims are highly
exaggerated. The recent survey tabled at
the very last second by the BDUs was based on leading and biased questions.
1759 In
contrast, 97 per cent of the participants in the focus group study filed with
our submission believe that conventional television services are being paid
today from their basic service subscription fee. This is worth repeating. Consumers think they are already paying for
conventional television. They expressed
surprise and disbelief that this was not indeed the case. And the majority of respondents strongly
supported future compensation for Canadian conventional television services.
1760 Second,
we are seeking the right to withhold our signals if a carriage agreement for
distant signals cannot be negotiated with BDUs.
Time‑shifted distant signals are a huge value proposition for
BDUs. BDUs actively market distant
signals to their customers and charge them for this service. Digital consumers rank the ability of time
shift Canadian distant signals as the number one value driver of digital
television.
1761 While
distant signals benefit distributors, they cause material harm to
broadcasters. The impact on CTV alone is
estimated to be approximately $31 million in 2004‑05. Compensation for the carriage of our distant
signals through a free market negotiation will assist in offsetting some, but
not all of these losses.
1762 The
third essential regulatory tool is mandating DTH carriage of all originating
local stations in their home markets. If
distributors can find capacity to add more and more Canadian services, they can
find room for local services. The
refusal of DTH distributors to carry all local stations threatens the financial
viability of those stations.
1763 In
markets like Prince Albert and Yorkton, Saskatchewan where satellite
penetration stands at 60 per cent today the stations automatically lose access
to 60 per cent of their local audiences.
In addition, the solicitation of local advertising must continue to be
tied to the provision of local service.
1764 Fourth,
we ask that you permit conventional broadcasters to transition to digital and
retain their priority carriage and simultaneous substitution privileges without
having to build out HD transmitters.
1765 The
fifth tool is to eliminate the time restrictions on advertising so that
conventional broadcasters can maintain our competitiveness. We believe this will work equally well for
conventional television as it has for radio.
Recognizing the incredible value Canadian promotions have for viewers,
creators and broadcasters alike, CTV will dedicate two minutes per hour on
average to the promotion of Canadian programs.
1766 And
lastly, we have a number of suggestions on the priority programming categories
and bonusing. Certain program genres
from category 11 that are of national interest should be considered priority
programming, award shows, galas and tributes that celebrate the greatest
achievements of Canadian talent are deserving of priority status.
1767 Sketch
comedy should also be entitled to the time credits. Our sense of humour is one of the most
Canadian things about us. Sketch
comedies make extensive use of Canadian creative talent and are often times as
expensive to produce as dramatic programming.
1768 We
have asked for the introduction of a 200 per cent time credit for any episodes
over the standard order of 13. Our
experience with additional episodes for Corner Gas and Degrassi demonstrates
the increased chance of rating success and international distribution
opportunities for these series. Because
broadcasters must provide the bulk of the financing for these additional
episodes, incentives should be put into place for broadcasters to pick‑up
where public funding leaves off. This
new 200 per cent time credit and the existing 150 per cent time credit should
be applied to the 60/50 Canadian content requirement in addition to the eight‑hour
priority programming requirement. This
would encourage more original high‑quality 10 out of 10 Canadian
productions.
1769 MR.
FECAN: In summation, I believe that we
all share the same objective, with the creators, actors and producers ‑‑
we all want to see as much popular Canadian programming as possible. But we may have different perspectives on
just how to get there.
1770 If
we weaken conventional television, we run the risk of marginalizing it and
turning success into failure.
1771 We
have proposed a number of practical solutions that not only make good business
sense, but good cultural sense.
1772 This
will help conventional television face the challenges at our doorstep and
continue to build audiences for Canadian programming.
1773 We
thank you for your attention.
1774 My
colleague, Mr. Brace, will act as Chair for our panel, and we await your
questions.
1775 THE
CHAIRPERSON: Thank you, Mr. Fecan; thank
you, Mr. Brace.
1776 Commissioner
Duncan.
1777 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: Thank you very much for your
opening remarks. As you indicate, there
is a lot of new material, so I hope you will bear with me. If I ask you questions that you have
answered, you can just clarify that. I
won't be offended if you don't mind helping me get the right picture.
1778 In
your written submission, you note that the challenge for Canadian broadcasters
is that, beyond conventional broadcast rights, you do not own the distribution
rights to the top U.S. programs in your schedules.
1779 What
steps are you taking to meet this challenge, and what new revenue streams do
you anticipate over the next five years?
1780 MR.
BRACE: Thank you, Commissioner. We are taking very aggressive steps to try
and negotiate those rights.
1781 As
a matter of fact, within our infrastructure we have set up a complete
department to deal with the new media environment to develop these new
opportunities. In point of fact, we have
had some success, albeit a little bit modest.
We have had two or three shows that are now being distributed on
broadband, as you know, and we see it as an opportunity going forward.
1782 What
we do believe, though, is that it is absolutely fundamental that we pursue this
with vigour. It will be necessary in the
new environment, as we pointed out in our brief, that we are competing not just
with other broadcasters, we are competing with new media, and we are competing
on a world stage.
1783 So
the acquisition of these new media rights, these digital rights as we sometimes
call them, is absolutely paramount for us.
1784 In
terms of revenue streams, that really is yet to be seen. We have made some early forecasts, but it
will be a work in progress.
1785 At
the beginning, as we pointed out in our brief, as well, it is a bleeding‑edge
expense. It is something that we feel
obligated to participate in, but at this point in time it is not really
delivering dividends. Hopefully, we will
see a change as time goes by.
1786 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: Have you been successful, then,
in getting rights from the U.S. programmers extended?
1787 MR.
BRACE: What I will do is pass to Ms
Boyce, who has been front and centre, along with Chris Fabish, who runs the
area we are talking about. They have
actively been pursuing these with U.S. distributors.
1788 Suzanne,
maybe you could fill in the Commission.
1789 MS
BOYCE: We were able to recently conclude
a deal with Warner Bros., and we are now running, for example, "Studio 60,
Smith", a show that did very well in Canada. It did not do as well in the States; it got
yanked. We have the rights, and we are
going to put those shows on our broadband.
1790 What
that does, of course, is that it creates sort of a buzz, and then an audience
can come that might not otherwise get to see it. Because we received a lot of phone calls.
1791 So
"Studio 60" is a show, and then we have a third show with Warner
Bros.
1792 The
other thing we are doing is creating new material, as well, for broadband. We mentioned "The Giller" in our
brief, for example. This is a little
book show. We sent that out to the
world, so we are hoping to create a competition, say, with the Booker Prize in
London.
1793 We
have also been very active in news, and, of course, "e‑Talk",
which is our entertainment pride and joy.
1794 Those
are just a few, as well as "Canadian Idol".
1795 Any
show that we commission or create, we try to think, always, of all the platforms,
and this is a new area that we also hope to monitor.
1796 MR.
BRACE: In fact, what I would add to Ms
Boyce's comment, is that, in terms of Canadian programming, we are actually
delivering more hours than all of the U.S. combined, according to our
calculations.
1797 You
can tune in and watch "Corner Gas", you can tune in and watch
numerous CTV programs, which are produced here in Canada.
1798 That
was really where we started. That was up
and running ahead of the game, and more recently we have had, as we say, modest
success with the U.S. distributors.
1799 MR.
FECAN: But when we are running and
working with our independent Canadian producing partners, it is one kind of
relationship. With the foreign studios,
they are very short‑term deals, and they very regularly think about
whether they ought to disintermediate us or not.
1800 That
is where the delicacy in the situation is.
1801 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: So while it doesn't sound like
all gloom and doom, there is some caution there.
1802 MR.
FECAN: When Disney decides to stream
programming and their local affiliates in the U.S. get upset about it because
it disintermediates them, it is not a huge step to cross that border. There is nothing stopping them, except their
own economic self‑interest at the moment.
1803 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: Thank you.
1804 Table
5, page 10 of the environmental scan that Strategic Inc. prepared for you,
shows conventional television's share of hours dropped by 25 percent from 1996‑97
to 2005‑06.
1805 I
notice that the decline has averaged less than 1 percent per year since
2002. I am curious to know what you
project the next five years might look like.
1806 MR.
BRACE: What I will do is pass you to
Debra McLaughlin, who prepared that study.
1807 MS
McLAUGHLIN: I think it is a little
difficult to project, for all of the reasons that are contained in the OIC
filings and in a lot of the submissions here, but I can tell you that, just
looking at this year alone, the sort of slowdown in the decline over the past
few years has reversed that trend and it is not escalating.
1808 We
are talking in the order of a 13 percent decline overall, I believe, in
2+ ‑‑
1809 I
have to go back to the page you are on; sorry.
1810 It
is ‑4.3, 2+, but, in the demos that most broadcasters are making
their money selling, it is 13.6 in the 18 to 34 and 10.9 in the 25 to 54. That is just in this year alone.
1811 With
all of the new releases of all of the season starts, that is a stunning figure.
1812 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: Would you mind repeating for me
the age category that you say broadcasters sell the most advertising for?
1813 MS
McLAUGHLIN: Eighteen to 34, which is a
13.6 percent decline, and that is year‑over‑year, and 25 to 54,
which is at 10.9.
1814 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: And what did that look like over
the period from 2002, then?
1815 Because,
as you know, I looked at ‑‑ it must have been the 2+ that you
said I was looking at.
1816 MS
McLAUGHLIN: Right.
1817 I
can calculate those for you, because what we have done is, we have looked at it
over the ten‑year period, and I haven't calculated that in five‑year
increments, but I could certainly calculate that for you and get back to you.
1818 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: Okay. That would be interesting to have.
1819 MR.
BRACE: Commissioner, I believe that
Brian McCluskey has something to say on this particular point.
1820 MR.
McCLUSKEY: There is one more demographic
there, which would be adults 18 to 49, which is down by 11.6.
1821 I
am sorry to report that CTV is an active participant in this decline. This has phenomenal impact on our bottom
line. In revenue terms, basically,
buying demos, you are talking about double‑digit decreases across all of
them, and we do have enough data on the year now to get a good vision of what
it is going to bring. It is extremely
troubling.
1822 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: I notice in the remarks today
that you are prepared to commit 100 percent of any Fee for Carriage on
initiatives. So I am taking from that
that none of it will make its way to the bottom line.
1823 How
do you reconcile that, then, with your comment that it is terribly concerning,
the decline you are facing here?
1824 MR.
FECAN: There are two fundamental
principles. One, we think that more high
quality Canadian programming will be good for all of us. So, clearly, we need to find ways of helping
to finance that, and we have made a suggestion that might be helpful in that
respect.
1825 On
the other 50 percent, the kind of incremental we have in mind is conversion to
high definition infrastructure in local newsrooms and that kind of thing.
1826 So
it is not going to fall to our bottom line directly, but, in our minds, it is
an expense that is coming that we have no real ability to figure out how to pay
for, and it will help offset those kinds of things that would be incremental to
what we do today.
1827 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: That's helpful. Thank you.
1828 According
to Commission data, actual spending by over‑the‑air broadcasters on
Canadian programming has increased 16 percent since 1999, whereas expenditures
on non‑Canadian programming increased by 52 percent over the same period.
1829 This,
of course, was during a period where conventional broadcasters were no longer
required to meet certain limits, whereas specialty services, of course, are
required to have certain expenditures.
1830 Would
you explain, in that context, why you believe that expenditure requirements for
Canadian programming are unnecessary?
1831 MR.
BRACE: The fundamental reason we believe
that CPEs are not really necessary is that, in our environment, we are actually
working within the system, and we think we are doing a terrific job.
1832 I
think that Suzanne, off the top of the presentation, outlined a litany of shows
that are number one, and these are Canadian programs that are number one, in
virtually every category.
1833 So
working within the system, with the priority hours that we have, and the
expenditures that we put into Canadian programming, we are seeing significant
success. In the case of "Corner
Gas", tremendous success.
1834 I
think that, beyond that, there are a few other things ‑‑
1835 I'm
sorry, I missed the last part of your question in terms of the expenditures.
1836 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: I was just wondering why you
believe you shouldn't have an expenditure requirement imposed ‑‑
reimposed.
1837 MR.
BRACE: The other point that I want to
make is, in addition to that, the percentages are a bit misleading, because,
actually, year‑over‑year, we are increasing our expenses. We are increasing the expenditures on
Canadian programming, actually, fairly healthfully.
1838 What
we are finding in the marketplace, though, is that the acquisition of foreign
programs has become quite competitive.
It has kind of gotten out of line with what we are doing from a Canadian
perspective. But understand that it is
the foreign programs, the U.S. programming, that really fund all of the rest of
our schedule.
1839 In
point of fact, even with our most successful Canadian shows, they are still not
delivering a positive margin.
1840 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: Thank you. I am going to come back to the foreign
programming point in a few minutes.
1841 If
an expenditure were to be reimposed ‑‑ and I take your point
that you don't feel it should be ‑‑ what level of expenditure
do you think would be required?
1842 Do
you want to attempt to answer that?
1843 MR.
BRACE: We would actually like to take
that under consideration. We think that
it is more appropriately dealt with at licence renewal.
1844 What
we are trying to do here is to look at this as kind of a holistic approach, as
an overview of the entire industry, and to come up with proposals that we think
can benefit us. But I think that to
commit or to make comments on the record at this point would be a little bit
premature. We think that the licence
hearing is probably the place for that.
1845 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: Thank you.
1846 I
wasn't certain, were you intending to make comment on that in your final
comments, because I would give you the three scenarios that were asked of
Global, if you are interested in addressing those three.
1847 MR.
BRACE: For us it is all the same. We think that licence renewal is the place to
deal with those, Commissioner. Thank
you.
1848 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: That's fine. Thanks.
1849 Please
comment on the possibility of implementing an approach that would tie Canadian
programming to expenditures on non‑Canadian.
1850 Of
course, we got quite a detailed answer on that from the Global people, but I
will give you a chance, you might have a different answer.
1851 MR.
BRACE: Maybe I could start, and I am
sure that Mr. Fecan would want to jump in on this.
1852 Once
again, we think it is probably inappropriate at this time to comment on
that. We believe that we are working
within the system, and within the system we are seeing tremendous success.
1853 So
to have any kind of correlation between our Canadian and foreign expenditures
in an open‑market environment, especially where the purchase of U.S.
programming is concerned, is not really relevant. It is a bit of apples and oranges.
1854 Maybe,
Ivan, you would like to comment.
1855 MR.
FECAN: I think that CanWest said it well
in terms of apples and oranges, but I think the point is that we make money on
foreign programs, so we would all like to spend less for them if we could get
the same thing.
1856 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: Certainly.
1857 MR.
FECAN: But if we spend less, we are
going to make less, so there is less to spend everywhere.
1858 The
relationship, I don't think, is necessarily how the question was posed. The relationship, maybe, works a different
way; that if you don't make your money there, then there isn't as much to spend
on other stuff.
1859 So
I don't think it is a good thing to connect up to, and you really need the
flexibility. In a given year, there may
not be much you want to buy on the foreign market and a lot you want to buy on
the Canadian market. It might reverse in
a different year.
1860 So
much of it is dependent on what the creative people come up with in a given
time period.
1861 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: Thank you.
1862 On
the question of repeats, and recognizing that repeats of original programming
is a reality ‑‑ we all see repeats ‑‑
alternate viewing opportunities ‑‑ would you indicate what you
believe would be an appropriate ratio of original‑to‑repeat
programming and why?
1863 MR.
BRACE: Once again, we think that the
correlation at least at this point in time is not relevant, but I know that Ed
Robinson would like to speak on just what we do at CTV and how we develop our
schedule. And really it goes to the
whole fundamental reason that we believe we are here is how can we get more
into this system, how can we develop more high quality because that's really
the theme of this panel, is how can we deliver more high quality within the
existing system the way we have to date and find ways through the proposals
that we put forward, like higher credits and so on and so forth, in order to
reduce the number of repeats and increase the number of episodes in any
particular series.
1864 Ed,
would you like to comment?
1865 MR.
ROBINSON: Thanks, Rick. I think we just want to emphasize one thing
over and over again and that's the quality that we are trying to place into our
Canadian programming. And the results
that CTV has had we're all very proud of.
1866 One
of the factors for high quality Canadian drama is that the economics of it
require that you need to repeat it at least once, in order to get some mileage
out of the value we put into it.
1867 But
we have also recognized in the last few seasons that the summer is an
opportunity for us to reach an audience that's looking for original material
and not wanting to engage in repeats.
Some shows repeats well and some shows don't, but the show that has
stood out for us over the course of the summer is, of course, Canadian Idol,
which has been a phenomenal success from coast to coast and a kind of
experience that Canadians want for themselves and they take ownership of that
experience and we can provide that kind of opportunity through our programming
to them, the rating success, you know, comes to us.
1868 So,
you know, repeats, it's a bit of fine art in some ways because not everything
repeats well and we recognize that there are ‑‑ the value of
the schedule with original programming at whatever time of the year is of more
value.
1869 MR.
FECAN: Sometimes you repeat a lot in the
beginning just to try and get people to find the show, to see you might run it
at different time periods in the first week or two, just to try and get some
excitement going.
1870 Clearly
more is better, more original is better, no doubt about it and that's why we
proposed a time credit because the CTF, the public funds stop at 13 and so, we
have to find a way of trying to get more.
1871 What
I don't want to have more repeats however at the expense of, is the
quality. If basically we are taking the
same amount of money and stretching it over more episodes, I don't think we do
anyone a favour. We don't do the
creators a favour, we don't do the audience a favour. It's just ‑‑
1872 So,
I mean, the key is how many you can get at the highest possible quality.
1873 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: Just picking up on the 200 per
cent credit that you've suggested because it's not ‑‑ I don't
quite a grasp on how that's going to benefit and I believe in your remarks you
mentioned that it helps in series being sold internationally. But how would it impact on the eight hours a
week? I am trying to understand.
1874 MR.
BRACE: I am going to ask Ed to comment
on this, but fundamentally the ask here is to give us credit, as we say, for
series that are over 13 episodes, which is more in line what happens with the
U.S.
1875 So,
now, as opposed to ending a series and going into repeats and now asking in the
consumers, you know, kind of maybe going off our schedule and maybe migrating
to more U.S. programming, it gives us the ability to compete much more
effectively and really take advantage of the hits that we create.
1876 Ed?
1877 MR.
ROBINSON: The concept behind the 200 per
cent credit was really to deal with beyond 13 episodes for a series.
1878 Our
two public most successful series in the drama category are Degrassi and Corner
Gas. They are both the last couple of
years been of 19 episodes and our belief is that because there was more
originals on air and the audience gets to see experienced with originals each
week, they become more loyal to the show and it's part of the success
story. I mean, it's a great show. So that's where you begin.
1879 So
the idea of the 200 per cent credit was to find a way pass 13 episodes since the
funding agencies max 13 episodes. So,
the only real reality place to go to is to the broadcaster. So that step up additional expense investment
in the high quality episodes beyond 13, we thought it was a way that would help
encourage people to go beyond 13 episodes.
1880 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: And am I correct then that the
result would be that they would actually be ‑‑ there might be
better quality programs. I am not saying
that, but there would be less than eight hours in a week. Is that what the credit you're proposing
would do?
1881 MR.
ROBINSON: Oh! No, no, no.
1882 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: That's fine, O.K.
1883 MR.
ROBINSON: The 200 per cent credit is
based on the fact that we would continue to be providing eight hours of
priority programming average per week.
So, it would not ‑‑ it's based on that formula that we
are currently dealing with under the T.V. Policy.
1884 MR.
BRACE: And to be clear, we are not
proposing moving off the eight‑hour priority programming at all in this
presentation. We are intending to live
within the regime. This would only be as
it relates to that credit towards that eight hours.
1885 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: O.K. Thank you.
Thanks.
1886 MR.
ROBINSON: Commissioner Duncan, if I
could add just one thing to that sort of whole concept. We thought it would be appropriate to model
out sort of the application of the 150 credit and the 200 per cent credit and I
would just like to share with the Commission that when we did those models, if
we applied that 150 and 200 per cent again to an average eight hours priority
per week, we are talking about really a result of eighteen and a half hours
over the course of a year that would be less Canadian that we are currently
running, but that eighteen and a half hours in practice is repeat programming.
1887 So,
eighteen and a half hours over the year is about an hour and a half a month and
we didn't think that was, you know, a significant number of the two you worried
about.
1888 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: Thank you. I am just wondering if you agree a certain
percentage of your Canadian content requirement should be original programming
and what that percentage might be in prime time or in a broadcast day and also
how you would define original, like either when I asked the question, there is
a few definitions floating around originals, so ‑‑
1889 MR.
BRACE: And I think, unfortunately,
Commissioner, this falls into the barely work we would like to discuss at
licence renewal as part of an overall, you know, after, you know, going through
the policy review in making that determination and then seeing what comes out
in the next.
1890 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: That's fine. The point that CanWest Global brought up in
their submission that a few of any broadcasters are affiliated with production
companies and then, in a smalti platform environment, it's more important for
broadcasters to own a part of their prime time schedule. And the point I gather at this point, the
broadcasters have the option to own up to 25 per cent of the priority
programming and could own more outside of the priority programming time period.
1891 I
am just wondering, do you feel that you need more flexibility in that regard or
are you satisfied with?
1892 MR.
BRACE: I thought that CanWest gave a
very good answer, quite frankly, but maybe just to add on to that, that what's
more important for us, what's more important is to be able to work with the
independent producers to make the best use of all of the assets that come with
the program.
1893 And
that's really in relation to the new media, to be able to make sure we take
advantage of those opportunities, working with the independent producers,
whether it's new media, whether it's place based advertising, whatever the case
may be.
1894 It's
going to be the cohesive partnership that really becomes the Canadian success
story because without it, we are really not taking advantage of the full
picture and I think that that is more to the point than actually perhaps, you
know, bringing independent production inside because as CanWest actually said,
virtually all of our dramatic programming, in fact all of it I would say is
done externally.
1895 And,
you know, with the exception of programs like ETalk and those types of things,
we work with the independent production community quite effectively and that
seems to be working.
1896 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: So, you are making headway
negotiating these rights or sharing these rights?
1897 MR.
BRACE: Well, I think as Suzan pointed
out, you know, and she played down her success a little bit, but we really,
yes, have worked much better with the Canadian independent producers in
exploiting these new opportunities and the success we've had so far with the
U.S. But I know that Suzan is dying to
get in here, so I will let her have her word.
1898 MS
BOYCE: I know because I can actually
speak to our wonderful partners. E.P.
Dimi and Linda Scaller, I am sure you've heard of her and Steven Stone, they do
a terrific show called "Degrassi, next generation" and, in fact, this
is a quick aside, I hope it's okay, but Lauren Collins who is the pay place
page was actually at the Whaling Wall and all of those Israeli soldiers
surrounded her in order to get her autograph.
1899 That's
how big this tiny little show, it's 25 years old, so I guess it's not the tiny,
but by working with Lindon Steven, they were the first to create with us ‑‑
we didn't even understand what the stuff meant ‑‑ episode
mobisodes, yes there is a comic an animate comic book, they have been very
generous with rights and working with us
to create material, to go on the web.
1900 I
mean, as I've said, most of what we don't understand although we pretend to and
that has been a very successful partnership and we also see, I mean, you know,
if one just lets us go. We have got
great comedy partners too because comedy, as you know, plays everywhere so the
phone, you can get little clips and there is just so much that we actually can
do and we've had our success in Canada and, yes, we are really trilled about
the beginning of it.
1901 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: That's great. This is very exciting. It sound very promising sound.
1902 You
are asking now ‑‑ and correct me if I'm wrong because you
might have changed something on this in your submission here ‑‑
about the advertising and you were proposing to eliminate the 12 minutes and we
were wondering how we would then preserve the drama incentive program because
it's tied to it.
1903 MR.
BRACE: I'm sorry. I think that once again with the commitment
that we have to drama and how we are driving it, you know, we are keeping kind
of up our end of the bargain. In terms
of the drama minutes, I am going to ask Brian McCluskey to talk about the
success that that has delivered for us.
1904 But
I think overriding that really is that in the environment that we live in, and
I don't think that we, you know, can forget about the economic issues that we
brought forward, you know, as part of this hearing that are kind of overriding
everything we are doing.
1905 We
need to find a way to, if not do better certainly at least get back to even
because basically that's what we see, you know, the entire process if we have
delivered with everything that we've asked for here, that's basically what it
does for us, but we are not looking and we thank the Commission for the
incentives. They have worked for us and
I just would ask Brian to comment on how we have used them and then come back.
1906 MR.
McCLUSKEY: Thanks, Rick. The drama incentives came about at a funny
point in time, but certainly between ourselves and CanWest in so far as they
had a number of hit series that we were retiring on NBC and we had acquired a
number of hit series new to us on Disney.
And I think the incentives have effectively afforded them the
opportunity to over‑commercialize the few remaining hits they had and
compete more effectively with us.
1907 Our
use of them over that time frame was actually a more packaging shows the lower
rated shows to enable us to sell the top 20 inventory that we had. But it has been very effective and certainly
when I look at things like this audience loss that we have just articulated, I
feel very confident that we are going to make full use of them this year.
1908 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: I am just wondering if you could
give us a sense of how significant non traditional forms of advertising would
be to the total revenue, to your total revenues in the three to five year time
frame, assuming that the Commission doesn't regulate it?
1909 MR.
BRACE: Yes, that's going to be still to
be seen. I can comment on the place
based advertising because we have had some experience with that, Commissioner,
and I think that Brian pointed out in our discussions, when we were doing our
preparation for the hearing, that ‑‑ I mean, currently it's
very modest, at less than one per cent of our overall revenue.
1910 And
the difficulty we have quite frankly is that we are limited, of course, to
really use place based advertising only within our Canadian programming. The U.S. programming, of course, comes with
it already embedded within the show and so, we can't take advantage of that.
1911 But
it's something that we are working on.
It's something that we are looking at.
To say that it's going to be material for us, even over the long hall I
think is a bit of a stretch that, you know, we are still an organization that
outside of what we are going to do in new media, outside of what we are going
to do in some of these other peripheral things are going to count on, you know,
the 30 second spot for a long time to come.
1912 MR.
FECAN: And the perverse thing about some
of the form based place based advertising is ‑‑ I'll give you
an example ‑‑ when American Idol comes in with Ford as part of
the built into the show, Ford doesn't really have any incentive to advertise on
our area. It's a free plug for
Ford. And nor does any other car company
because they are competing again and it kind of cuts both ways.
1913 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: Thank you. You mentioned in your submission at page 5
that distance signals cannot be monetized by conventional broadcasters through
advertising revenue. And Bell in its
submission, at paragraph 201, and I quote :
"... claims that broadcasters
are able to monetize a significant percentage of out of market tuning and that
more could be monetized."
1914 And
then, at 211, they further claim that there is nothing outside of the control
of the broadcasters that prevents them from changing the way they sell as, so
they can sell out of market tuning and, in fact, they'll claim that CTV does do
just that and they go on to explain at paragraph 212 to 214 how you do it.
1915 I
would be interested just to hear your reaction to that because the other is on
the record, so it would be interesting to hear what you would say to that?
1916 MR.
BRACE: Thanks, Commissioner.
1917 We
must say that of all the issues in front of us here, certainly distant signals
is one of the top. And quite frankly, if
we could monetize it, it may not be, you know, something that we would be here
talking about today, that would be a wonderful thing.
1918 Brian
McCluskey has worked long and hard with his group to determine who that just
might happen and at the end of the day, very much like CanWest, we have had
virtually no experience in monetizing it.
I think that the best thing for me to do is pass to Brian because he can
actually take you through the steps of the sales process that really defines
the issues that we have in trying to monetize it. Because, you are right, out of the gate, you
know, looking at it in the cold light of dawn it seems logical that we should
be able to do that, but that is entirely not the case.
1919 MR.
McCLUSKEY: Thanks, Rick.
1920 This
is a rather fulsome explanation, but it is an important issue, so I request
your patience.
1921 Basically,
I am going to do three things. I am
going to explain buying requirements of the advertisers, then I am going to
explain the buying execution and then I am going to basically detail what that
leads to and what our complications are.
1922 So
first off, the buying requirements. I
don't think anyone will contest that local advertisers place no value on
distant signals. A Toronto Ford dealer,
for instance, would not be willing to pay for his ad showing up in
Vancouver. When we look at the MBS study
they have in fact based all of their calculations on that local revenue base.
1923 When
we get into the national revenue base we have a number of types of different
advertisers. We have regional
advertisers, so the Ontario Government, for example, when they are advertising
in Ontario does not care that their message is being seen in Vancouver. We have some national clients who have
products with footprints that are indeed national, but other product categories
that don't have a national footprint and Bell and Rogers would be perfect
examples of that where Bell's landline is not a national endeavour whereas
their wireless is.
1924 Finally,
we have ‑‑ well, not finally, but next ‑‑
‑‑‑ Laughter /
Rires
1925 MR.
McCLUSKEY: ‑‑ we have advertisers that do have a full national
footprint, but elect to used different commercial creative, be it a car dealer
tag or be it price point advertising.
And there again, they do not value the distant signal, in fact, it is
upsetting to them because it causes confusion in the marketplace.
1926 And
finally, you do actually have advertisers that use one commercial and do
advertise it nationally and they still make up a decent amount of
business. Our network business
represents about 30 per cent of our revenue base.
1927 Now
I will move onto the buying execution.
Obviously, nationally most of the buying is done by advertising agencies
and they continue to consolidate. Right
now, there are six major advertising groups and they control about 75 per cent
of the world's advertising spending. Their job when they are executing a buy is
to maximize efficiencies or get things as cheaply as possible for their
client. And in fact, you know, clients
are stolen, one, these days largely on the basis of claims that I can buy cheaper
than the next guy.
1928 When
a buy typically comes down, suppose an agency is buying for a car company, the
car company could have different needs.
They might have a luxury car where they have planned spending in only
Toronto and Vancouver. Now, they might
have more economy car lines that they plan to spend right across the
country. But what the agency is going to
do is add up all of the requirements of that car company in order to get the
biggest volume they can so they can maximize their discounts.
1929 They
will come to us and they will come to our competitors and ask for pitches on
every station and the network as well and the will assess everything to find
out what their best execution is to yield their best efficiencies and therein
kind of lies the big problem for us.
Because effectively, for me to monetize the distant viewing, which does
have some value to some advertisers, I have to ask the agency to outline to me
what brands are actively national, what are only partial market, what is your
creative strategy.
1930 In
return for getting me all this information, the agency gets to be charged
more. And if one agency is honest and
they actually give me that information they have to be worried as hell that the
agency next door to them won't be and will steal their client, because they can
claim they can buy cheaper. So that, in
a nutshell, is the quandary we face.
Yes, we do sell on a network basis and obviously those people do value
the time‑shifted audience.
1931 However,
an agency will ask us at the same time they ask for a network pitch for all of
our individual markets, add up the individual markets and execute on whatever
is cheaper.
1932 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: So you are actually ‑‑ and that is very helpful that
explanation ‑‑
1933 MR.
McCLUSKEY: Thank you.
1934 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: ‑‑ I appreciate that because that really does clarify
the two positions.
1935 So
really what you want then is value for your signal, you want to be compensated
for that so you want the DTH and the cable operators to compensate you for
that?
1936 MR.
McCLUSKEY: There is a real opportunity cost to us there, yes.
1937 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: Yes.
1938 MR.
FECAN: What we are asking for is that you recognize that distant signals is a
process, it is not a cultural imperative and that we want to be able to deal
with it on a business basis with the BDUs and, if we can't reach a satisfactory
deal, withdraw that signal from them on a case by case basis.
1939 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: Sure, okay. I am just sort of
wondering how likely it would be that you wouldn't be able to negotiate
something if you were given the possibility.
I am sure you would be able to ‑‑
1940 MR.
BRACE: Well, therein lies the real interesting point. In that, with all of the work we have done
the, the research that we have done and, quite frankly, what we have been told
by the distribution industry, distant signals are seen as absolutely one of the
top‑valued items by consumers when they are deciding whether or not they
are going to buy a digital box.
1941 The
issue we have is that okay, you know, that kind of Jeannie's out of the bottle,
the distant signals are out there and have been for quite sometime and, quite
frankly, we made a bad deal a while back and, you know, as time evolved we
started to realize the true impact.
Those deals are now expiring and our wish is to deal direct. Because what is happening in the marketplace
is that our distant signals are being packaged, they are being marketed. You go to any website of a BDU and it is
basically on the front page talking about the value of the distant signals and
so it is being marketed and in some cases actually being sold in packages, in
packages that cost up to $20.00 for distant signals and other things.
1942 But
nevertheless, there is established value there and so we have the impact of not
being able to monetize the distant signals, we have the impact of the audience
erosion obviously for viewing the distant signals and then at the end of the
day, you know, we aren't receiving value whereas the BDUs are. So it is a real value proposition in an open
market environment that we want to deal with.
1943 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: Thank you. Just following along
with that then, if we did agree on fee for carriage, what factors should be
considered? I know you have suggested a
dollar amount, but what factors should be considered in determining the fair
market value of the signal? And should
the amount be determined by the Commission or negotiation with the BDUs?
1944 MR.
BRACE: I will start where you finished off.
We believe it should be determined by the Commission, it should be an
industry approach that we come to you with, making recommendations. We think that factors that need to be
considered include things like what is the impact on the consumer.
1945 You
know, we have done some research and we are happy to talk about it here. Debra can speak to price points and that type
of thing that kind of hitchhikes on what CanWest has done. In fact, you know, we found that, as we said,
viewers already thought they were paying.
But first and foremost, what is the impact on the consumer? What is the value we are delivering to the
marketplace? Because hand in hand with
what we are proposing is that we maintain priority carriage status and
simultaneous substitution, because we feel we are, as conventional
broadcasters, cornerstones to the, you know, the broadcast system and should be
carried and should continue to be carried and not be withdrawn.
1946 So
those are the types of factors that we think would be important in determining
the actual sub fee.
1947 MR.
FECAN: The fee should be only for local stations in their home markets.
1948 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: So you wouldn't get..?
1949 MR.
FECAN: So for instance, CFTO would get a fee in its home market, if it was
carried somewhere else it would not get a fee there, presumably that would be a
distant signal negotiation that did or did not happen. But the concept is it provides a service to
the community, it is where its principal transmitter is, that is the market
that we believe it should get a fee from.
1950 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: Okay.
1951 MR.
BRACE: And I supposed one other criteria, if we are looking at it, is that we
should obviously be obligated to maintain our commitments to the community in
terms of local program, in terms of local reflection, news, that sort of thing.
1952 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: So it is not that you don't think you should get a fee, it is just
going to be a different process to negotiate the fee for the distant?
1953 MR.
BRACE: That is right, that is correct.
1954 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: So would you ‑‑ you don't have to answer if you don't
think it is appropriate ‑‑ I am just wondering if there should
be a discount or if you think it would be reasonable to expect there would be a
discount for that same signal in a distant market of, just for discussion, 50
per cent?
1955 MR.
BRACE: Once again, I mean, because it would be an open‑market
negotiation, very quickly we would be able to determine the value to the BDU
and obviously the value that we would put on it going into the negotiations so,
you know, that would be part of the process.
1956 MR.
FECAN: But we see them as two very different situations, one is a fee ‑‑
1957 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: Yes.
1958 MR.
FECAN: ‑‑ for local carriage, the other is a business
proposition. If you want to take our
fees, our copyrights and expose them in some other market, we want to have a
conversation with the BDU and either agree or not agree on what is appropriate.
1959 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: And I am interested in your studies, you said you had some studies as
to what the market might tolerate?
1960 MR.
BRACE: Yes, and I am sure Debra would be delighted to share some of the
information with you.
1961 MS
McLAUGHLIN: Actually, we agree with some of the ranges from several studies, so
I think the Commission has a wealth of material to look at. In particular, the work that was done on
CTV's behalf, we went out to the markets and we did focus groups. This is a relevant approach to research in
this area, because there are a lot of issues surrounding people's willingness
to pay that can't be covered adequately on the phone. Primarily you have to establish value, you
have to understand how people use it, when they use it and, you know, what
their perceptions are now.
1962 And
as indicated, 97 per cent of the people that we had in our focus groups thought
they were already paying. What is most
compelling to me about all of this research is we didn't go out to talk about
fee for carriage. We went out to talk
about new technology and to compare that which we found in the U.S., the
trends, to what was happening in Canada.
1963 The
issue of fee for carriage came up spontaneously from the focus group
respondents. As part of the process for
any focus group, you had to do a debrief at the end which essentially is giving
them top line on what you are doing there.
So this process, this hearing was explained and the fact that we were
looking at the new technologies and how they would impact broadcasters. And they volunteered that they thought
broadcasters, particularly their CTV local service and Global and city where it
was, were currently being compensated and compensated well.
1964 When
they were told that they were not in fact getting any of that basic carriage or
basic fee that they were paying, they volunteered to look at ‑‑
the very first group volunteered to look at scenarios. And in all of the scenarios they offered
there was a willingness to pay, whether it was in a pick and pay scenario, they
were willing to pay for the service.
People offered $1.00, they offered 50 cents, they offered a range. In the modeling that we did, that was
referred to, we took a 10 cent amount and the reason we did that was because
across all of these groups 86 per cent found 10 cents per signal both
reasonable and something they would willingly pay and that was in markets were
there were five signals or eight signals.
1965 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: I did notice the 80 cents or the 10 cents in the Toronto markets makes
it easy to do multiplying, but I am just wondering did you ask any questions or
did it end up asking any questions about elasticity, you know, what they
thought would be their tolerance?
1966 MS
McLAUGHLIN: Well in fact, you know, in
the context of the focus groups I did not, but I do have firsthand relevant
experience in elasticity on pricing because I am often in the market either on
issues of broadcasting or on other matters to talk to consumers about what they
are willing to pay. I do know that
anything under 50 cents a month is ‑‑ you can get as high a
response for 10 cents as you will for 50 cents.
So there is a range in there where people don't notice.
1967 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: So in the Toronto market though with the eight signals that you use
there would be $4.00 and that would be ‑‑
1968 MS
McLAUGHLIN: That is right. So that is
over the price point that I think that consumers would, you know, just let it
pass without some concern.
1969 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: Four dollars would be too much?
1970 MS
McLAUGHLIN: Yes. And I want to put this
on the record, I think it depends entirely on the presentation because when
consumers understand that they aren't paying and what the issues are, they very
highly value these services and it is a critical part of either marketing this
or testing it.
1971 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: When you were talking to them about the hearing and the reason that
there might be a price, were you talking in terms of delivering a higher
quality signal like HDTV or just have them pay for what they are getting now
and you are not getting paid for?
1972 MS
McLAUGHLIN: I didn't suggest at any
point in time that this hearing was about getting a fee for this service.
1973 What
I suggested was that there was some challenges facing the broadcast industry as
a whole and this hearing would examine it.
1974 You
know, of course because there is a fee for all of these people each month, they
were assuming that these fees would cover most of those challenges and that is
when it came up.
1975 So
it wasn't in terms of: Will you get more
money if there is HD. We didn't take it
down that path.
1976 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: Can I just make sure that I
understand what you are saying in your comment about the $0.50?
1977 MS
McLAUGHLIN: Yes.
1978 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: That must have been the
total ‑‑ is that what you were saying ‑‑ you
thought people would be willing to pay?
1979 MS
McLAUGHLIN: Yes. Yes.
1980 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: Not a signal ‑‑
1981 MS
McLAUGHLIN: That's right. That is absolutely right.
1982 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: All right. Thank you.
That's great.
1983 So
I will go through this question anyway.
We may have dealt with it, but at any rate: As you know, a lot of the intervenors, or a
number of the intervenors, have suggested that subscriber fees might increase
as much as $2.00 to $19.00, so concern has been expressed that if that were the
case that consumers may disconnect. Of
course that is a big range for us to deal with, but ‑‑
1984 At
any rate, I'm just wondering, then, if you conducted any studies to learn how
much of an increase the consumers would tolerate. It wasn't a part of the study that you did
with Strategic Inc., but ‑‑
1985 MR.
BRACE: No. That's correct, no.
1986 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: No.
1987 MS
McLAUGHLIN: Well, I mean we did within
the context of the focus group because this was information that they had
volunteered. We went back and tested
with each of those groups at the time and this fortunately came up in the first
group and not the third group so we had the advantage of being able to present
this in its entirety to each group.
1988 We
did price $1.00, we did price $0.10 and $0.50 and we did get variations.
1989 I
think where we ran into some real resistance was at the concept of $1.00 per
signal and when they did the math in their market, and in particular ‑‑
I mean we had a range from eight to four signals, so at $4.00 per month I can
say there was resistance.
1990 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: Now, TQS suggested $2.00, you
know $1.00 TVA, $1.00 for TQS, and CanWest was suggesting $0.50 a signal. So we would be getting into the sensitive
range then, if it was.
1991 So
I'm just wondering: Do you think or what
kind of an impact do you think it would have on pay and specialty services and
would they then be able to deliver on the commitments that they are obliged to
deliver under the Broadcasting Act?
1992 MR.
BRACE: I think it is a question of
degree and that's why I think we have to be realistic about this.
1993 Deborah
has just gone through a fairly lengthy answer on how $0.80 in total per sub is
not something that they would find offensive.
It seems reasonable.
1994 In
addition to that, I mean, we would point out that, you know, that is less than
the last three‑year increases on DTH.
1995 So
the increases are coming in a deregulated world for the BDUs on regular
intervals and our hope would be that in coming to the Commission with a
proposal that, number one, it would be reasonable, number two that we could
work with cable, so that in a best‑case scenario it could be absorbed
under existing fees, and in a worst‑case scenario it would be passed
through with no mark‑up.
1996 There
may be some middle ground there along the way, but I think that we have to
be reasonable in our approach in kind of coming forward with this.
1997 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: So probably you think the $2.00
to $19.00 range is not reasonable?
1998 MR.
BRACE: Well, I think that the $19 might
be a little bit out of the ballpark.
1999 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: Right.
2000 MR.
BRACE: And $2.00 might be at
the high end.
2001 MR.
FECAN: Life is full of unrealized fears.
2002 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: That's right, yes. True enough.
‑‑‑ Laughter /
Rires
‑‑‑ Pause
2003 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: The magnitude that you are
talking about is so different, I guess it's these unrealized fears point.
2004 At
any rate, to the extent that pay and pay‑per‑view and specialty
services contribute more in dollar terms to Canadian programming than do
conventional services, what measures do you suggest the Commission could or
should put in place to ensure that total expenditures on Canadian programming
would, at worst, be not negatively impacted if conventional television was
granted fee for carriage?
2005 MR.
BRACE: Once again ‑‑
and I apologize Madam Commissioner ‑‑ but we do feel that that
is more appropriate from our standpoint to discuss at license renewal. It once again ties you know CP ‑‑
2006 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: I will have to be sure and get
on that panel.
‑‑‑ Laughter /
Rires
2007 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: Okay. If you insist.
‑‑‑ Laughter /
Rires
2008 MR.
BRACE: I think CP might be a central
theme at the hearing. I'm just guessing,
I could be wrong.
2009 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: All right.
‑‑‑ Pause
2010 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: This question deals with what
percentage you think that the Commission should insist a fee per carriage
should be allocated to programming and you have answered that in your
submission.
2011 MR.
BRACE: Yes. I think we have come up with an elegant
solution. Hopefully you see it as
elegant.
2012 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: Yes.
‑‑‑ Pause
2013 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: I think I don't need to ask you
about priority carriage and simultaneous substitution.
2014 What
about ‑‑ that's the same ‑‑ discretionary
services. I think I could anticipate
what your answer might be on that, too.
2015 MR.
BRACE: Sorry, what might the question
be?
2016 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: Telco TV raised the question as
to whether the Commission would change the regulatory framework so that
distributors would be free to package the over‑the‑air services as
discretionary services.
2017 MR.
BRACE: Once again, I think we pointed
out earlier on that we believe they should be must carry, based on what they
are offering to the local communities and our belief that they are the cornerstone
of the Canadian broadcast system.
2018 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: What about Rogers' suggestion
that it would not be reasonable ‑‑ it is probably worth
considering this question because you suggested ‑‑ and I meant
to ask that actually.
2019 I
think I understood you to say that perhaps the BDUs might be willing to absorb
this cost, and I just wondered, maybe you found some other way that they
might ‑‑ I'm certain that they are not going to want to see it
come off their bottom line.
2020 So
I guess I would just like to ask you about that, and also about Rogers concern
that they shouldn't be having to donate the fee for carriage, or
contribute the fee for carriage, and also contribute to the CTF.
2021 MR.
BRACE: We believe they should continue
contributing to the CTF. The CTF is a
bundle of funds of which the CBC receives 37 percent. It's not something that is allocated equally,
as has been pointed out, to individual broadcasters. So that is one funding mechanism.
2022 What
we are talking about is something completely different, it is value for the
individual local market television service.
2023 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: So then, just to go back to that
first question, because I had a few of them in there: Do you reasonably think that they would pay
the fee for carriage and absorb it?
2024 I
mean, is that a reasonable prospect?
2025 MR.
FECAN: Look, to be real, we would hope
that they pass it through without a mark‑up because there is no reason in
the world they should be marking this up.
2026 This
is a clearly designated thing to do specific things that are incremental and I
can't imagine they have the billing mechanism in place, they have everything in
place, and people thought they had been paying it anyway.
2027 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: Yes.
2028 MR.
FECAN: So there is no reason in the
world to put a mark‑up on this.
2029 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: No. I thought you were suggesting that they would
absorb the cost.
2030 MR.
FECAN: I think dreaming is more like it.
‑‑‑ Laughter /
Rires
2031 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: All right.
2032 What
about your comment? Are you concerned
about the bidding up of prices for programming, particularly from U.S.
broadcasters when they become aware that there is more programming
available ‑‑ more dollars available?
2033 MR.
BRACE: Being that in our proposal we
have allocated those dollars anyway I'm not sure there ‑‑ I
mean, this is a case of kind of getting even, getting back, getting the
conventional television business back on a healthy front.
2034 I
mean we have acknowledged that audiences are declining, we have seen modest
increases in advertising. And
particularly going forward where it is estimated that they are going to be
under 2 percent as we move forward in time. So if you have increasing costs, declining
audiences and modest advertising increase, basically flat, it is a question of
getting our industry healthy so no, I don't think it would.
2035 MR.
FECAN: And this local fee
would solely go to Canadian expenditures, as we proposed. So I can understand ‑‑
2036 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: Maybe I didn't phrase my
question right.
2037 What
I'm wondering is if you think the U.S. program suppliers would demand more for
their programming?
2038 MR.
FECAN: Well, you know, they are always
going to try and demand more and we are always going to try and pay less, but
there is no more money for them.
2039 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: All right.
2040 You
discuss at length the impact of licensing of new services specialty and
pay ‑‑ this is in your written brief ‑‑ has
had on your audiences and your ability to generate ad revenue and the threat to
the ongoing viability of conventional television, which of course is consistent
here with what you are saying.
2041 These
services of course were licensed to enhance the broadcasting system and to
better serve Canadians by expanding viewing opportunities and giving Canada's
production industry more opportunity.
2042 Bell
points out, at Figure 2, page 55 of their presentation, that most of the
large broadcasters have diversified and invested in pay and specialty services
and in fact are benefiting from the success and the synergies generated from
owning both conventional and pay television services.
2043 I'm
just wondering, they point out that of Bell Globemedia's total television
revenue, $423 million or 36 percent, was generated from pay and
specialty services. This of course all
makes good business sense. I'm not
criticizing at all.
2044 But
what I'm wondering is how this reality should be taken into consideration as we
reconsider the question of fee for carriage.
2045 MR.
BRACE: Well, I think first of all they
are two separate businesses. The
specialty television, you are correct, is doing fairly well and that is working
well for us and we have diversified and that's why we diversified.
2046 But
at the end of the day we are talking about the fundamental cornerstone of the
broadcasting system, conventional television here, and a need to keep it
healthy, something that you know we are dedicated to doing, something that we
have made significant investment in doing and something that is like ‑‑
it's unhealthy.
2047 So
I think we have to look at it as kind of a separate issue. You know, the kind of cross‑subsidization
one to the other is fine I guess in theory, but in reality it is our core
business that is not healthy.
2048 MR.
FECAN: The point I would
kind of make, just sort of following from Rick's point, is: You do not need to own conventional
television to own specialty.
2049 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: No.
2050 MR.
FECAN: So one of our competitors who
runs a terrific company, Alliance Atlantis ‑‑ I think
Michael's in the room or was ‑‑ has terrific margins and he doesn't
have to contribute to local television or anything, he can just own
specialty. So I think you really need to
look at them as separate businesses for that reason, because there is no
barrier to entry to specialty that says you have to own conventional to get
that. And we are in the marketplace
competing and so that is why we kind of say we really need to look at them as
separate pots.
2051 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: I guess maybe two questions come
out of that.
2052 Yes,
I agree they have been always considered separately, but of course the world
has changed and the fact is that when they were licensed ‑‑ I
don't know whether people didn't think that far down the road, but I imagine
they knew that what would happen, there would be more competition and more
viewing and the viewers would gain.
2053 So
I think that it's maybe worth considering whether it should be taken into
consideration.
2054 The
other thing that I'm just wondering is, I don't know how you account, how you
cost allocate the synergies, you know like when you buy programming rights and
then they air.
2055 I
don't ‑‑ is that ‑‑
2056 MR.
FECAN: Let me try and answer the first
and start on the second.
2057 On
the first, if you were to kind of try and cross‑subsidize on some basis,
or look at it that way, it's actually a disincentive to own conventional
television. It may be an unintended
consequence, but as somebody that has to think about where do we invest our
capital best, it becomes a disincentive and I'm not really sure that's a good
thing for the system.
2058 In
terms of program overlaps and that kind of thing, there are some efficiencies
that we have been able to get because we have a centralized master control and
a lot of the infrastructure, the technical infrastructure if you will, the
servers, the traffic system this kind of thing, there is some scale there that
we have been able to be the beneficiary of.
2059 But
by and large with the specialties we own, there isn't a great deal of overlap
between TSN and CTV or RDS and CTV; a very little bit with Discovery and CTV; a
little more with Comedy and CTV, but our biggest channels, the sports channels,
virtually no real overlap. The rights
are distinct. They are bought. They are sold by the sellers in separate
classes.
2060 We
really haven't been able to realize as much as some might think we would like
to.
2061 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: Thank you, that is helpful.
2062 Now
in your written submission you are proposing that the Commission permit
conventional broadcasters to transition to digital and high definition without
the obligation to provide over‑the‑air transmission facilities and
to gradually phase out analog transmitters because of the substantial cost
involved.
2063 I
just have a couple of questions following on that.
2064 Are
you prepared to give up the spectrum that you have, that over‑the‑air
spectrum, or do you see some value in it?
2065 MR.
BRACE: I am going to ask Allan Morris,
our head engineer, to actually discuss this particular topic.
2066 Allan.
2067 MR.
MORRIS: Thank you.
2068 Really,
the whole purpose of the transition to HD is to eventually give up
spectrum. We currently have two
channels, as all broadcasters do, our main analog channel and then our digital
channel, and at some point we would give one of them back to Industry Canada
for sale. If there were no transmitters,
yes, we would give back the spectrum. We
would have no use for it.
2069 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: Thank you.
2070 I
just want to try this question that we have discussed here earlier.
2071 As
an alternative to constructing parallel digital facilities, the suggestion has
been that broadcasters could upgrade their analog facilities directly to
digital at the end of the transmission period.
2072 So
while they are doing the upgrade, it would still go out as analog but they
would continue to deliver, as I think they do now, to the BDUs the high
definition signal and at the point that they were prepared or were ready to do
the transition, at the end of the transition period, they would actually stop their
analog transmission and they would then be relying on the digital facilities.
2073 At
that point the BDUs would be distributing the signals in digital and a standard
definition, I guess a downgraded high definition signal, to the people who
haven't yet made the transition, who haven't bought the box that is needed or
rented the box.
2074 We
are just wondering if you think that this is an alternative, a more cost‑effective
way of accomplishing the transition as opposed to having duplicate facilities
built.
2075 MR.
BRACE: I will ask Allan to comment on
that but before I do, because I did hear the question earlier and I leaned over
to Allan and we both were kind of ‑‑ it is a very complicated
question.
2076 In
what you are saying ‑‑
2077 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: I tried to make it clear.
2078 MR.
BRACE: ‑‑ Commissioner, is the outcome of that that we would
no longer have transmitters, because that is what I am not certain of, or is
the outcome of that ‑‑
2079 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: That is the intention.
2080 MR.
BRACE: Okay. All right.
Well I will pass it to Allan then for the appropriate answer.
2081 MR.
MORRIS: I was going to ask the same
thing.
2082 On
the assumption there are no transmitters, we would deliver two signals to the
BDU, one high definition, one standard definition, and they could deliver it to
their subscribers. Those who have set‑top
boxes could get either or and those who have strictly cable would get the
analog service.
2083 But
it would be in the best interest of the cable company to encourage people to
get onto the digital platform and then they would save bandwidth. So rather than sending two of our signals,
they would only send one.
2084 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: And I am sure that that is what
they would want.
2085 MR.
MORRIS: And that would be a huge
incentive to bet with them and recover all the analog bandwidth and as far as we
are concerned it is still the signal going out.
2086 MR.
BRACE: But there is a caveat to that
that we need to recognize, that being that before any of that happens, we need
to get local signals on DTH because once we take down the transmitters,
obviously ‑‑ and we pointed out with the example in Yorkton
where 60 percent are on DTH, now we are more or less out of business in that
market.
2087 So
what is important is we have got to have a plan that takes into account we
transition away from transmitters because we believe that ‑‑
and we quoted in the neighbourhood of $200 million in order to make that, just
the transmitter rebuilt plus master control ‑‑ that we think
that is an inefficient spend of money and actually we have done some research
on where the numbers are now for over the air.
We have updated the Commission's information actually.
2088 So
we believe that is inefficient but we also recognize that until such time as we
are carried on DTH, we really can't address that.
2089 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: I am going to come back to that
DTH, the carriage on DTH, in a second.
2090 What
I understood was that the over‑the‑air, the conventional
broadcasters would deliver a high definition signal only and that cable then
would be able to obviously put out the high definition signal but also would be
able until they had an adequate number of boxes deployed, they would downgrade.
2091 Is
there a way to downgrade that signal so that they could put it out in standard
definition so that the distribution would be doing that, not two signals coming
from the broadcaster?
2092 MR.
MORRIS: I think it is six of one, half a
dozen of the other. Whether we give them
two signals and they deliver it or we give them high definition, from our point
of view we would save the bandwidth to deliver only one rather than two. From a quality point of view, I would hope
they would maintain the same quality.
2093 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: Okay, thank you.
2094 The
other option that we wanted to consider was the cost of satellite delivery
versus the cost of transmitter upgrades.
So this would be a parallel system.
2095 So
we are just wondering if you would have an estimate of the cost to distribute a
typical local station by satellite in high definition across its market and
what that would cost in terms of uplink cost, transponder cost and receiver
cost.
2096 Maybe
what I will do ‑‑ I could ask you the whole question and you
might want to submit the answer, although you might have all the numbers at the
top of your head. It is good if you do.
2097 MR.
MORRIS: Let me see if I understand the
question.
2098 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: Okay.
2099 MR.
MORRIS: We would deliver our signal to
the subscribers?
2100 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: You would deliver your signal to
a satellite and the satellite would deliver it free to homes.
2101 MR.
MORRIS: Satellites such as Star Choice
or ExpressVu?
2102 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: No. No.
Satellite space that you would get as opposed ‑‑
because this is comparing the cost to replacing your analog facilities with
high definition transmission.
2103 MR.
MORRIS: But I think if we were getting
the signal to cable or satellite, it would be fibre to an ExpressVu.
2104 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: But this is to get it to the
homes, to the people who would not be served by either BDUs.
2105 MR.
MORRIS: I think that is where we go back
to having all of our signals available on satellite, on the DTH systems, and
that is what the home viewer gets. It is
inefficient for us to deliver it on C‑band. No one is going to put up a C‑band dish
at home.
2106 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: Okay.
2107 MR.
MORRIS: We might use it to deliver
signals from our main location to our stations across the country. That is what we would use C‑band
for. But in terms of direct‑to‑home
there are two very good companies who do that now and we don't want to be the
third. It doesn't make any sense.
2108 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: Okay.
2109 MR.
BRACE: But if I am correct, Allan, and
please jump in, I mean as it exists now, all of our signals are already on
satellite or the vast majority of them.
Is that correct?
2110 MR.
MORRIS: Eleven.
2111 MR.
BRACE: Eleven of them, okay. So those ones, it is a question of how we get
them from satellite to the home. Is that
doing a deal with a Bell ExpressVu or a Star Choice?
2112 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: Actually I think what we were
thinking of was a free‑to‑air satellite signal. So right now your signal to the 10 percent of
the people who don't buy service from a BDU, that signal is free over the air.
2113 So
the question is what the cost would be to deliver that type of signal and maybe
the answer is obviously you just don't think it is practical.
2114 MR.
BRACE: You know what, I think that maybe
due to the complexity of the question we would need to take some time and think
about that before and maybe provide that answer to the Commission.
2115 MR.
FECAN: But we do know it is $160 million
to convert our transmitters to high definition on a national basis. We have a lot of transmitters. We have a lot or rebroadcasters.
2116 I
have to tell you ‑‑ give me a minute ‑‑ about
Upsalquitch ‑‑
‑‑‑ Laughter /
Rires
2117 MR.
FECAN: ‑‑ in New Brunswick which serves the community of
Bathurst and Dalhousie. It is located on
a hill. It is not serviced by
electricity, 11 kilometres from the closest road. Power for the transmitter is generated by two
diesel generators with one running all the time. They truck ‑‑ somehow they
get the fuel there and there are two couples living there keeping this
transmitter going. Now does it really
make sense to turn this into high definition?
‑‑‑ Laughter /
Rires
2118 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: Thank you.
‑‑‑ Laughter / Rires
2119 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: I won't even answer.
2120 Ron
wants to know if you can repeat that name twice.
‑‑‑ Laughter /
Rires
2121 COMMISSIONER
WILLIAMS: The name of the community.
2122 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: The name of the community, yes.
2123 MR.
FECAN: Upsalquitch.
2124 COMMISSIONER
WILLIAMS: Upsalquitch.
2125 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: I am getting down here, so there
are not too many left.
2126 Under
a new industry structure that replaces the over‑the‑air
transmitters with distribution by cable and satellite and includes a fee for
carriage, how should the Commission license new entrants? For example, could they be considered
national or regional or local general interest specialty services? What do you think the approach should be to
license new ‑‑
2127 MR.
FECAN: We would really like to think
about that ‑‑ it is a terrific question ‑‑
and get back to you. I think for us they
key is that there has got to be local service if they are going to take
advertising from the local community. So
that has got to be a fundamental for us but beyond that I would really like to
think about it and get back to you.
2128 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: All right. Maybe what I will do is I will just give you
the rest of the question because then you can just include it all in your
answer.
2129 As
the new entrants will not be licensed on a one‑per‑genre basis,
what market entry test should we consider?
As they will be spared the cost of building transmitter facilities,
should they be required to fulfill equivalent or compensatory regulatory
obligations, for example, additional local programming or Canadian content
obligations?
2130 In
areas such as southern Ontario where the urban development is essentially
continuous, how would the cable carriage limits for a particular programming
service be set? For example, would it be
a Toronto station carried in Mississauga, Oakville, Hamilton, Waterloo? I just leave those with you.
2131 In
the U.S. broadcasters have constructed parallel digital facilities. In Canada broadcasters are now only beginning
to follow suit. In your view, why does
there appear to be a reasonable business case in the U.S. for the construction
of parallel digital facilities but apparently a much weaker business case in
Canada? Is it only related to population
or do you have some other ‑‑
2132 MR.
BRACE: Once again, I think I would pass
to Allan on this one.
2133 MR.
MORRIS: I don't think there is a
business case in the U.S.
2134 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: Oh, you don't?
2135 MR.
MORRIS: No, I don't think so.
‑‑‑ Laughter /
Rires
2136 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: You stopped me dead in my
tracks. Do you think I should ask for
more of an explanation?
2137 MR.
MORRIS: That is only my opinion.
2138 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: Is it? Thank you.
2139 The
American broadcasters have built duplicate digital facilities that provide free
services to many border communities. If
Canadian broadcasters abandon off‑air transmitters, is there a concern
that the competitive balance will be upset and some viewers in border
communities may permanently be lost to the Canadian broadcasting system?
2140 MR.
BRACE: I don't know if this is a direct
answer to that question, Commission, but if I could try.
2141 I
think that what is important is that we don't just walk away from over‑the‑air
viewers and I think that that is fundamental to maybe what we are discussing
here and that it is incumbent upon us as broadcasters who are saying on the one
hand that it is an inefficient spend to rebuild transmitters at a cost of $200
million and then on the other hand say but we acknowledge that there is going
to be at least a portion of the community that will not benefit from over‑the‑air
service.
2142 We
have talked a lot about this within our own shop and we have actually had some
success even in talking with certain BDUs who see that there may be an
opportunity here, that as we phase out transmitters, if indeed that is the way
we go, and as we see the growth of high definition that there may be a business
opportunity in fact by rolling out a subsidized box, a dish, whatever the case
may be, providing that to a consumer in a given community who views over the
air, at no cost by the way, and provide to them the basic service, in other
words, the signals that they would have received over the air in any case.
2143 The
business opportunity there is kind of once you are kind of in the home and you
have got a new subscriber, albeit one who is receiving at no cost, there is a
chance to upsell and upgrade and that has been received quite favourably
actually in some of the discussions we have had as something that we should
really look at as an industry and see if there is something to that.
2144 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: Would you agree with the CanWest
comments? I think Charlotte Bell was
suggesting that that percentage of viewers reliant on over the air might
actually end up being down around 5 percent.
Would you agree with that number?
2145 MR.
BRACE: Well as a matter of fact, and
maybe if you care to take the time I could ask Debra to talk about that because
we have, as I say, upgraded the Commission's study on over‑the‑air
viewership and it is starting to really come down quite significantly. In fact, we were surprised when she gave us
the numbers. So if you have the
time ‑‑
2146 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: Certainly.
2147 MR.
BRACE: ‑‑ we would be happy to do that.
2148 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: Certainly, yes.
2149 MR.
BRACE: Debra.
2150 MS
McLAUGHLIN: Yes, I think that the view
in the published reports by the Commission was the households were about 13
percent but in fact with the updated Nielsen data those households have dropped
to 10 and if you look at a person level it is about 8 percent.
2151 Now
an updated report was filed by CMRI which indicated why people didn't subscribe
to cable or DTH and when you look at those figures and the reasons that were
put forth, probably the resistance to subscription is only present in about 50
percent.
2152 So
we're looking at about 4 percent when the day is done after solid marketing
campaigns and all of the advantages being explained that probably would remain
as over the air.
2153 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: Now, so in your scenario you
would offer them a free box or that's what you are suggesting.
2154 MR
BRACE: Yes, and I suppose that once
again, and this is a bit of freelancing, but in coming up with kind of a plan
that takes us over a period of time, we plan to turn off the transmitters,
understanding the issues we have and recognizing those.
2155 And
when we get to a critical level, whether it's 5 percent or something below 5
percent, we're now, if you do the math, it's somewhere in the neighbourhood of
5 percent, about 500,000 consumers across the country, or TV homes rather,
across the country, that at that point it starts to become economically
feasible to find another solution.
2156 And
it will continue to decline. And we, I think
have come up with a, hopefully, a solution that's more elegant than what's
happening in the U.S. which quite frankly is cumbersome with the subsidized set
top boxes, the continued rebuild of the transmitters and an inefficient spend
and according to Allan, no business case for it. So...
2157 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: So then let me try to
understand. If it's not a box that
you're proposing, you're just ‑‑ are you ‑‑
do you have a proposition or are you just saying that we should work together
and develop a ‑‑
2158 MR
BRACE: No, I think we need to work
together. I mean for the time being
we're going to have to keep our transmitters going. We're going to have to discuss the upgrading
to HD and to digital because that has huge cost.
2159 But
I'd say within the next 2 to 3 years we've got to have a, you know, a plan as
to what we're going to at the end of the day come out with.
2160 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: Do you ‑‑ thank
you, I think that's all ‑‑ and realistic because I don't think
that we want to see people disenfranchised.
So...
2161 If
a firm shut down date is adopted, do you think it is necessary for the industry
to submit their transition plans to the commission for review? And when would you expect that you'd be in a
position to do that, given that, you know, when we have a look at everybody's
plans and with what's happening in the States and what our deadline might be
set to be, you know, there may be some feedback that we'd want to offer.
2162 MR.
BRACE: Well, and once again, in kind of
considering this situation, first and foremost we need to get the local
stations on DTH. So that has to be taken
care of.
2163 So
assuming that there's a timeframe to roll that out, understanding that they
will make a capacity concern, they'll put that submission forward. Although, as we understand it, new capacity
will be available over the next 3 to 4 years, that if we can deal that then and
probably another 4 to 5 years after that, we should be able to migrate away.
2164 And
within that time we have to come up with a plan. So it's really the next few years we have to
do that.
2165 MR.
FECAN: And I don't think anybody here is
saying that, you know, anytime soon we're going to be shutting a transmitter
down. The issue really comes up when one
is ready to fall down.
2166 Are
you going to write the cheque for the million dollars for the new one or
not? And what's the business case? And what's the best use of resources?
2167 And
so, I suspect we have transmitters for a while yet.
2168 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: Do you? So then the 2011, that's maybe, a possible
or...?
2169 MR.
FECAN: I really don't know. I think it's ‑‑ it depends
on the adoption of high definition and a whole bunch of other things. 2011 sounds like a long time away.
2170 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: Yes.
2171 MR.
FECAN: But when you actually think about
allocating the capital and ordering the stuff, it's not that far away. So I suspect it's a bit beyond that.
2172 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: Okay. Thank you.
2173 Do
you think, on the signals that aren't currently, how many CTV signals are
currently not on either Star Choice or ExpressVu?
2174 MR.
FECAN: A total of 10.
2175 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: 10?
2176 MR.
FECAN: Yes.
2177 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: And you're saying that there
will be capacity in the next few years at least. So that won't be a reason not to put them
there?
2178 MR.
BRACE: That's right. And Allan can elaborate on that if you
like. But we believe that there will be
capacity.
2179 And
the other issue we have, quite frankly, is that ‑‑ and this
may sound like a little bit a whine but it's something that's been bothering me
for a long time ‑‑ is that the reason that the local signals
aren't on DTH now is because of the distant signals.
2180 The
argument is made that the programming is already coming into the market, you
know, via our distant signals or as Global pointed out, station shifting, a new
term that is now part of the lexicon of our commission speak, I guess. But, you know, that's the rationale because the
programming is already there.
2181 And
we say, so now we're hit kind of on 2 fronts, that, you know, we aren't able to
monetize the distant signals. We aren't
able to get our share for the distant signals.
And not only that, that's why you're not carrying our local
signals. And so it's something we need
to resolve.
2182 MR.
FECAN: What we're saying is they ought
to be on. We're saying, if you believe
in local programming you can't disenfranchise these communities. They've got, the DTH providers have got the
majority of viewing in those communities.
2183 And
that just leaves very little for the stations that are the smallest and the
most vulnerable. And so, you know, our
view is that if you believe in local you have to put these things on.
2184 And
they're not, you know, some pro‑‑ some of the program schedules are
duplicate. But the news isn't duplicate
and the PSA's aren't duplicate and the local bingo thing isn't duplicate. And a lot of the interstitial stuff isn't
duplicate.
2185 A
television station is more than a half hour newscast or an hour newscast or
whatever. It's the whole flavour of the
thing. And in those communities they get
left behind. And so we're saying it
ought to be on DTH and they just have to find the capacity in our view.
2186 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: And I, the information that we
have here is that there's 124 off‑air signals. Bell in their paper indicates that ExpressVu
distributes 70 over the air.
2187 So
I'm assuming from that then, we're ‑‑ are we talking about the
difference between the 70 and the 124?
2188 And
so then it would follow, like who should pay the bill? And is it a huge bill or...?
2189 MR.
BRACE: Well, on the first point I can
only speculate some of those are ‑‑ some of those are
repeaters, so they may not, you know, they may be included in that number. It sounds high.
2190 But
I think that our criteria for carriage, just to finish that point is that you
must be providing local programming.
It's got to be originating stations is what we're talking bout
here. We're not talking about repeaters.
2191 So
and in terms of funding the bill, I guess, you know, to pick up on Yvonne's
point, it seems to me that it should be an obligation. That, in the beginning if I, you know, read
my history correctly, you know, we were looking for a competitive distribution
system to cable.
2192 And
so DTH coming out of the gate had some advantages. Capacity was an issue and we all acknowledged
that. They just couldn't physically
carry everything.
2193 But
over time they've now reached critical mass, number 1. Number 2, you know, it seems that any time a
foreign signal, and especially a foreign HD signal comes down the pike, there
seems to be room.
2194 We
understand there's more capacity coming.
I just thing it needs to be addressed because they should be obligated
to be there. I mean it's a very firm
position of ours.
2195 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: I just wanted to go back to a
point, Mr. Fecan, that you made about the shutdown date or you know, giving a
date. If a firm shutdown date is not
adopted in Canada do you see any spectrum coordination problems arising in the
border areas once the Americans complete their transition?
2196 MR.
BRACE: I'm going to punt to Allan, if
you don't mind.
2197 MR.
MORRIS: Industry Canada will be very
busy.
‑‑‑ Laughter
2198 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: Busy. Mm‑hmm.
2199 MR.
MORRIS: There are obviously a lot of
coordination issues with the FCC and Industry Canada.
2200 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: Do you ‑‑ but,
I think ‑‑ will it then force us to move more quickly?
2201 MR.
MORRIS: Not necessarily.
2202 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: No.
2203 MR.
MORRIS: Not necessarily. I don't think so.
2204 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: Thank you.
2205 MR.
MORRIS: They're moving at their own pace
and in fact I heard, just read about an hour or so ago they may actually
revisit their transition date.
2206 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: Oh.
2207 MR.
MORRIS: With the new Democratic
Senate. They're going to take another
look at it.
2208 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: Thank you.
2209 Now,
just on closed captioning, most broadcasters in this proceeding have opposed
the captioning of advertising and other non‑programs such as promos.
2210 And
we're just wondering if you could elaborate on the feasibility or difficulty of
captioning advertising. We have heard
from CanWest. I don't know if you have
anything that you would like to add to their remarks or...
2211 MR.
BRACE: I think CanWest did say it
correctly. On the issue of 100 percent,
obviously with human error and those other things, getting to 100 percent is
impossible. We could be virtually 100
percent. And in fact CTV is very close
to that now.
2212 On
the issue of promos and commercials and I'll deal with advertising first, we
encourage the advertisers. And currently
roughly 50 percent of our ads are now captioned.
2213 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: 50? 5‑0?
2214 MR.
BRACE: Yes, roughly 50 percent.
2215 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: Mm‑hmm.
2216 MR.
BRACE: There are the issues that were
described in the CanWest presentation and those are absolutely legitimate. And that is really the stumbling block.
2217 But
more and more advertisers, quite frankly, see the benefit of obviously being
able to talk to that particular sector of people who unfortunately don't have
the ability to, you know, to hear the sounds, so... And on the promos that's something that CTV
is looking at and will address that issue over time.
2218 But,
you know we take our captioning very seriously and intend to deliver the best
we possibly can. Our captioning, by the
way, is contracted out. We monitor it
through master control as a quality control devise and of course renewed the
contract on a regular basis to ensure that our quality is kept up.
2219 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: So do you do ‑‑
you say you're doing 100 percent, so your live programming as well, all the
sports?
2220 MR.
BRACE: Yes. I mean virtually, virtually all of our
programming is captioning ‑‑ or, sorry is captioned.
2221 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: And I'm kind of curious, do you
get much feedback from your audience?
2222 MR.
BRACE: In some cases we do but to be
absolutely frank we tend to hear from the same people.
2223 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: Oh, yes.
2224 MR.
BRACE: Yes. There's some special interest groups and
certain individuals that tend to, you know, be more apparent than others. It's not something that you get a raft of
mail on a regular basis.
2225 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: The commission is aware that
broadcasters use various captioning standards.
2226 Would
it be possible for all the English broadcasters to work together on developing
and implementing a universal captioning standard? And such a working group could also propose
concrete solutions, hopefully with respect to other quality concerns such as
errors and misspelled captions and technical problems.
2227 And
if so, which organization in your view, should be responsible for coordinating
such a working group?
2228 MR.
BRACE: I'll have to think about
that. But I think that it's entirely
realistic that we do that and working with the captioning companies, quite
frankly.
2229 On
the issue of errors that you talked about, I mean by far and away the majority
of the errors come during live programming, the real‑time
captioning. And it comes in names, it
comes in those types of things that you would expect.
2230 It's
a very difficult ‑‑ it's a very difficult business to be in
because as you may know captionists are very hard to both train and also to
retain. It's a very difficult business.
2231 There's
a lot of stress involved especially for the real‑time captionists. So that's always been the issue is keeping
the quality up within the companies. And
we deal through different companies.
2232 But
yes, I think, to answer your question it is something that we could consider.
2233 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: Thank you.
2234 Just ‑‑
this is just going back, just 2 final questions that I had on things that were
in your written submission.
2235 You
mentioned the health of the specialty sector, and I'm just quoting here:
"The health of the specialty
sector is tied to the health of the conventional television sector." (As read)
2236 And
I just wondered, I just didn't quite understand what you meant by that.
2237 MR.
BRACE: Well I think it's a question of,
you know things tend to flow downhill a bit.
The cornerstone of the industry has been conventional television.
2238 We're
now seeing a migration of advertising and audience to specialty. And we're all seeing an outflow to new media.
2239 So
that I think that, you know, conventional can quite effectively compliment,
although it's not necessary to have specialty if you have conventional or vice
versa. But there's a complimentary
nature to that.
2240 MR.
FECAN: I think you see the connection
most in the creation of content. It
would be very hard for NewsNet to exist if CTV News did not exist. It ‑‑ so many of the large
expensive drama series in this country are originally financed through one
conventional broadcast or another and then find windows subsequently on
specialty.
2241 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: Okay.
2242 MR.
FECAN: So, I think you see it clearest
when you look at it from the point of view of the creation of content.
2243 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: Thank you.
2244 The ‑‑
you indicate as well in your submission that you believe there are alternate
means to provide service to those households currently reliant on over‑the‑air
transmission, the infrastructure.
2245 And
I just wanted to make sure that we had covered the alternatives. Or are you thinking that these are things
that are going to be ‑‑
2246 MR.
BRACE: No, I think that was the proposal
we talked about in working with the BDU's, the opportunity to subsidize the set
top box, whatever the case may be. That
was the example that we were really driving at there.
2247 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: All right. Thank you all very much. That's all my questions, Mr. Chairman.
2248 MR.
BRACE: Thank you.
2249 THE
CHAIRPERSON: Thank you, Commissioner
Duncan.
2250 Vice‑Chair
French.
2251 COMMISSIONER
FRENCH: I'm the only person on this
panel that didn't work in the broadcasting industry of one sort or
another. And I guess it's going to show
here because Mr. Fecan, I want to ask you a naïve question.
2252 You
say that conventional television is worth fighting for, it brings incredible
value, it's the cornerstone of the system.
And you also tell us that you want to do Canadian production because it
segments your ‑‑ it give you a distinct identity, you control
the rights, it's ‑‑ you're more the author of your own fate
and yet audiences are declining and the solution to that is to provide you with
more cash flow.
2253 So
I guess I am interested in knowing why this characteristically Canadian
equation is going to prove viable for any period in the future or are we simply
going to have to, as your audience declines, produce more cash? That is the troubling public policy issue.
2254 Now,
I recognize the economics of audiovisual production. Once we abandon the orthodox economics and go
into the economics of audiovisual production, we abandon the ability to
identify any point where this process stops.
You know, we produce Canadian content, nobody wants to watch it, please
finance us. I know I am caricaturing, I
know it is an unfair statement, but fundamentally I am not asking why it is
necessary in a year or two, I am asking why would we start this dynamic if
indeed Canadians are voting with their feet not to watch this invaluable
content?
2255 MR.
FECAN: Well, I don't know that I would agree with the premise that they are not
watching Canadian television. I think
they are watching Canadian television and, in particular, Canadian
programs. I think the cultural
contribution both to, you know, the performers, artists, writers and the local
contribution that conventional makes is very valuable.
2256 I
think it is important to consider what happens if it is not there and who
replaces that. Sometimes it is easier to
consider the value of something if you think about living without it, who would
do all of these things?
2257 But
at the same time, there is an awful lot of choices coming. It is because of all those choices that the
scarcity of the mass audience is particularly interesting I think for us as a
nation. You know, it is not often that
you can get a huge audience for something, but when you can it almost always
tends to be on conventional television because it is still the town square, is
maybe the outdated analogy we use. And
maybe you don't go there quite as much as you used to, but you still go there
when something is happening and so I think that is why it is worth fighting
for.
2258 In
terms of, you know, the public policy issue of should it have been compensated
originally or not, I mean, I think Mr. Asper gave the entire room a lesson on
the eras, or what happens if you start down that road? You know, in this environment I just don't
know if any of us can see much beyond a few years. But I know it is valuable now and I don't see
anything else taking its place and I can see the positive good it does and I
can see Canadian audiences reacting to it positively and that is why I think it
is worth fighting for and supporting.
2259 COMMISSIONER
FRENCH: Do we need Global and TQS?
2260 MR.
FECAN: Do we need Global and TQS?
2261 COMMISSIONER
FRENCH: Do we need ‑‑
2262 MR.
FECAN: We would be the last people to ask that of.
‑‑‑ Laughter /
Rires
2263 COMMISSIONER
FRENCH: I am asking you as a philosopher
who is rather better positioned to give me a thoughtful response than Global
and TQS. I mean, the logic would suggest
that the market for Canadian content is not healthy, it is not robust, it is
not thriving, it is being supplied in a fashion or after a fashion by four
players or five players or six players.
I am saying maybe we only need two players in the private sector to do
that.
2264 MR.
FECAN: Well you know, again, you understand, I have to take exception with the
premise that, you know, the support of Canadian programming isn't there. So with that exception noted, because I think
it is there, I think the market should really decide.
2265 COMMISSIONER
FRENCH: Yes, but that is precisely what you are not allowing us to do by asking
us to go ahead and extract from the BDUs some financing for this collection of
conventional broadcasters.
2266 MR.
FECAN: No, no, we are not asking for the money for ourselves, we are asking it
for incremental things.
2267 COMMISSIONER
FRENCH: Fair enough. In other words, you
don't think that the request to sort out the finances of the two other actors
that we have seen this morning ‑‑ forget about the CBC ‑‑
is legitimate, you think that if we were to provide them with incremental funds
they would have to be earmarked for incremental activities in the category of
priority programming if we could expand it or change it, but it would be
something along those lines?
2268 MR.
FECAN: Well, because we are speaking on the record and particularly because we
are speaking on the record, I think that whatever you choose to do should be
done with an even hand with all the competitors. So that being said, we have put forward a
proposal that we think works for the system.
We see, you know, as a country there is all kinds of things we support
because we want to be a country and there is, you know, there is the Canadian
Television Fund and there is other funds for other kinds of artistic endeavours
and other kinds of support for business through the finance department, through
economic expansion, through all kinds of things.
2269 I
don't think broadcasting is particularly unique to that, but we recognize that
the sector has an issue, we think the sector has value. We recognize that more quality Canadian
programming is a good thing and what we thought we would do to advance the
conversation is put forward concrete proposals to, we hope, make a difference.
2270 COMMISSIONER
FRENCH: So at the end of the day we are making the kind of bet that we made
when we created a Canadian broadcasting system those many years ago, which is
that there is a place for this kind of content and it has a real function. And the attempt to create viable audience
sizes for Canadian content is not unduly fragmented by the number of
conventional players and that there is some conceivable future in which there
will be an end to this ‑‑ what I take to be only because that
is what I have been told ‑‑ erosion of viewership for this
product.
2271 MR.
FECAN: Yes, you know, I wish I had a crystal ball and could tell you how it is
going to workout, but I do believe that Canadian programming currently gets
very good audience response, at least we can speak for ourselves, and that is
all we really ought to speak for.
Everybody is under pressure in terms of what audiences they get in every
country. This isn't a Canadian
phenomenon, NBC is as worried about their fragmentation as, you know, the
Australians are and the Brits and the French and everybody else.
2272 I
think the question we have to ask ourselves is is this sector worth fighting
for? Is it worth supporting? Is the good that it does worth making some
allowances for? We believe yes and that
is, you know, the basis of the suggestions we made.
2273 COMMISSIONER
FRENCH: Thank you.
2274 THE
CHAIRPERSON: Thank you, Mr. French.
2275 Mrs.
Cugini.
2276 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: Thank you, Mr. Chair.
2277 I
have just a detail question. In your
oral comments this afternoon or this evening, and it goes to the price point,
you said 80 cents and that the Canadian public would be willing to pay. Who did you include in that equation as far
as broadcasters are concerned in the Toronto market?
2278 MR.
BRACE: I think it is a question for Debra.
2279 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: Sure.
2280 MR.
BRACE: Debra.
2281 MS
McLAUGHLIN: We included OMNI 1 and 2, CFTO, CanWest both the main Global and
CHCH, CTS, Toronto 1 and Citytv.
2282 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: So excluding all the publicly‑funded broadcasters?
2283 MS
McLAUGHLIN: That is correct.
2284 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: So in your model of being paid for the local signal you included CH
even though its originating point is Hamilton?
Or sorry, did you include CH?
2285 MS
McLAUGHLIN: Yes.
2286 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: You did:?
2287 MS
McLAUGHLIN: What we in fact did was we used media stats data ‑‑
2288 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: Yes.
2289 MS
McLAUGHLIN: ‑‑ to determine the definition of local and
distant and they used the copyright, which is B contour plus 32 ‑‑
2290 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: Right.
2291 MS
McLAUGHLIN: ‑‑ and we simply went through and for each one of
those stations counted the number of unique subs and applied 10 cents per
signal per month and multiplied it out through the year.
2292 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: Are you suggesting that that is how we should define local station
going forward, using those stats and those definitions as they currently stand?
2293 MR.
BRACE: We are not suggesting that maybe it is the only way we can, but certainly
for this study, because we needed to find it in some manner or form and it
seemed a convenient way and an elegant way to do it.
2294 MR.
FECAN: Toronto‑Hamilton is a market and lots of people live between the
two and there is lots of stuff of interest.
So because it is defined as a market, that is how we ‑‑
that is why we thought the media stats definition was a reasonable proxy.
2295 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: And does it need to be changed going forward?
2296 MR.
FECAN: You know, obviously, we would like to think more about that but, you
know, sometimes the most obvious solution is the best one and it seemed to make
sense.
2297 MR.
BRACE: It also added another station to have a more robust look, at little more
of an expensive sub fee, 80 cents instead of 70, so just to check the price
point.
2298 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: Thank you, thank you very much.
2299 THE
CHAIRPERSON: On the same subject, because I that Commissioner Williams also has
a question, but on the same subject, but moving towards Montreal where you are
operating CFCF, are you suggesting that the fee for carriage will be levy from
the BDUs that are within the confines of your full market or from the full
province because your signal is carried from up to seven islands and even in
the Saguenay area?
2300 MR.
BRACE: We believe from your own market.
2301 THE
CHAIRPERSON: Well, so from the ‑‑
2302 MR.
BRACE: From the market, that is right.
2303 THE
CHAIRPERSON: From the market. Have you
contemplated a discount for taking into consideration that most of the
population living in that full market are of French language?
2304 MR.
BRACE: I would have to ask Debra once again.
I am not sure we modelled that, but Debra..?
2305 MS
McLAUGHLIN: At this point, because the media stats data doesn't break that out,
at least the full database we looked at in terms of whether they are
Francophone homes or Anglophone homes, it was impossible to apply a discount,
so we have used the entire count.
2306 THE
CHAIRPERSON: But as a matter of principle?
2307 MR.
FECAN: The police issue you raise is a very good one and it was one we really
need to reflect on a little. It would
have obvious implications in other markets where there is local French over‑the‑air
signals as well.
2308 THE
CHAIRPERSON: Well, my colleague Commissioner Williams, says that he has no
questions. So I have further questions
that arose from the answers that you gave to Mrs. Duncan.
2309 When
we dealt with the advertising issues, you said that you wanted to be totally
relaxed from any regulations regarding advertising. Have you envisaged and have you tried to measure
the impact on the other players in the system, not only the.. I am, you know, thinking about the local and
the regional over‑the‑air operators, because there are a few
interveners who are suggesting that if there is a total relaxation most of the
national dollars will go towards the major centre and there will be no more
national dollars left for the local markets.
2310 MR.
BRACE: Well, a couple things. First of
all, I would like Brian to speak on this.
But our view of the relaxed number of minutes really, you know, kind of
looks at what happened in radio and what has happened forever, quite frankly,
in U.S. television and the fact that it is self‑regulating for us. When you say what is the impact, we believe
that what is going to do is just kind of keeps us even.
2311 What
it does is gives us price flexibility and I think that Brian can talk to
that. But in terms of anything
incremental, in terms of anything that is going to be, you know, more than we
are doing now, we think that is not likely the case.
2312 MR.
McCLUSKEY: Thanks, Rick.
2313 As
Rick says, we view this as a strategy to just hold our ground. And I would suggest that some reflection on
the situation with radio where it was deregulated would probably be pertinent
to this, because obviously there are small market players and large market
players and this seems to have been a very good thing for them, looking at
their revenues over the last few years.
2314 It
is very much a viewer‑regulated and an advertiser‑regulated
phenomenon. Advertisers are quite astute
in monitoring this. In fact, in the
States where they are deregulated, advertisers make a point of publishing just
how many minutes per hour of commercial are on each network.
2315 In
the most recent publication of that, typically the major networks were carrying
about 13 minutes of commercial ads and they were devoting another 2 to
4 minutes to promotions, which is logical.
2316 So
there is a real built‑in limit to that.
I mean, the day that you deregulate, or the moment that there is a hint
of deregulation, we will be getting letters from all the advertising agencies
asking us what we are going to do.
2317 Really,
if we consider the movement of 12 to 13, that is less than
10 percent. Realistically speaking
it is not a lot.
2318 THE
CHAIRPERSON: TQS in their representation
this morning said that obviously if you are contemplating GRPs you may end up
with the same numbers of minutes at the end of the day, but in some less
attractive hours. Then you are going to
have much less minutes, but in the most attractive hours that you may grow up
the number of minutes.
2319 So
the financial impact will be on the smaller players. The only winners will be the market leaders.
2320 MR.
McCLUSKEY: Well, I think the situation
in Québec is definitely different to English Canada.
2321 But
again I would go back to the radio example where we had small players, small
stations, leading stations in a market, number two station, number three
station, and I would suggest to you, based on the financial results that I have
seen from radio, there hasn't been a lot of suffering.
2322 THE
CHAIRPERSON: I was around when that
occurred.
2323 The
reality is, in the case of radio, when the Commission did the review of the
situation is that they were never sold out.
The Commission was not regulating the amount of minutes that they were
running in a given hour. They were only
regulating the total number of minutes that they were broadcasting on a weekly
basis ‑‑ and not daily, on a weekly basis. The review that the Commission and the
broadcasters did was that they were never attaining the maximum limit as
already established. So it was much
easier to draw up a regulation that was of totally no use.
2324 In
the case of television, in certain of your shows I'm sure that you are sold out
on a regular basis, particularly in your prime time programs. So increasing the number of minutes available
for advertising will surely benefit you.
2325 Will
it benefit you at the ‑‑ because you are saying finally that
the pie will not grow so it is going to benefit only a few players.
2326 MR.
McCLUSKEY: Well, I mean to be fair,
really the AM stations were deregulated in 1986 and the FM in 1993. If you had come to us in those years and
said, "Are you sold out?" we would have said no.
2327 I
would think that at this point in time and the radio stations do have sell‑out
in certain of their day parts certainly, in their breakfast and in their
drive times, and this has been going on for a while.
2328 So
again I have trouble with the notion that it works for one industry but not
another.
2329 THE
CHAIRPERSON: All right.
2330 Your
proposal about fee for carriage is for recycling the whole revenue into two
streams, one for programming and one for technology.
2331 So
there is no money to improve your margins.
My suspicion, because at least two of the groups that we heard today
were saying that the fee for carriage is also for them a way to improve
their margins.
2332 Am
I to understand that it is not an issue at CTV?
2333 MR.
FECAN: No. Let me be clear:
2334 50 percent
goes to incremental Canadian priority programming. I'm saying that is a soft benefit, better
shows, more audiences for everybody.
That is a good thing.
2335 50 percent
goes to, as you put it, technological improvements, so that helps us accelerate
to high definition quicker. So that is
maybe a little more on my margins, but distant signals would be completely to
our margins for negotiation.
2336 THE
CHAIRPERSON: So it is through the
distant signals that you are seeing an improvement because you just said that
you don't think the advertising things will level off.
2337 MR.
FECAN: We know what we are losing on
it. We know it is a value to the BDUs
and rational people will make a deal.
2338 THE
CHAIRPERSON: I have some questions for
Mr. Malcolmson because is waiting at the back and saying to himself,
"Will it ever come?"
‑‑‑ Laughter /
Rires
2339 THE
CHAIRPERSON: Here is my last question
before yours: We heard the CBC and
Global, which both have said that they were contemplating a hybrid system where
they will keep over‑the‑air in the major markets. You are totally suggesting that it has to be
only through BDUs.
2340 So
are you suggesting that at some point in time you will be closing down the
current transmitters that you have turned to HD?
2341 MR.
BRACE: Yes. I mean, I guess at the end of the day we
would. I'm not sure. I mean, they are up and they are built so
really it is a moot point for us.
2342 But
the reason the hybrid solution wasn't particularly attractive for us is, we
believe it is still an inefficient spend of money. In our evaluation we went to major markets,
we went to the "B" contours, the kind of rules of the road that
they hybrid model suggested.
2343 For
us, that is still $46 million in order to rebuild those transmitters, plus
another $12 million a year in operating costs. At the end of the day, we have kind of a
compromise that has cost the system a lot of money, money that quite frankly
could have been used, we believe, more efficiently elsewhere.
2344 So
yes, we are being maybe a little hard line about this, but we would like to find
another solution that takes care of the over‑the‑air folks but
really does eliminate, at the end of the day, the transmitters.
2345 THE
CHAIRPERSON: Thank you.
2346 Just
only for the record, in one of the questions Mrs. Duncan said there were
124 local programming services. I
note from the CRTC financial database that there are 96 private local
programming stations and I suspect the 28 others are the public ones, so
making a grand total of 124.
2347 That
means obviously when you are contemplating the carriage by the DTH of all the
signals, it means that the magic number is something around 124 and maybe more
if the Commission grants a licence after the Calgary hearing next February.
2348 Maybe
I am just making an announcement, because I don't think it is ‑‑
‑‑‑ Laughter /
Rires
2349 THE
CHAIRPERSON: It crossed my mind that I
was probably making an announcement of some kind.
‑‑‑ Laughter /
Rires
2350 MR.
BRACE: We have conveniently erased that
from our record.
2351 THE
CHAIRPERSON: But the others have ‑‑
2352 MR.
BRACE: And we will make this the elegant
segue to Rob Malcolmson for you.
‑‑‑ Laughter /
Rires
2353 THE
CHAIRPERSON: Yes, okay.
2354 Well,
Mr. Malcolmson, it is your turn.
2355 I
apologize, I will have a fairly lengthy introduction to my first question. I apologize to my colleagues and to all
people here in the room who are looking at the time, but I have a fairly
lengthy introduction before coming with my question.
2356 My
first question has to do with the authority that the Commission may have under
the Broadcasting Act, then I will have further questions regarding
copyright. I know our legal counsel will
also have questions for you, Mr. Malcolmson.
2357 I
am starting at paragraph 21 of your page 7. You note that:
"The CRTC has the specific
power to impose compensation for carriage pursuant to its licensing power under
section 9(1)(h) of the Broadcasting Act." (As read)
2358 Although
not referring to this section in particular, Bell Canada has argued, in
paragraphs 142 to 149 on pages 45 to 47 of their submissions, that:
"The Commission cannot ground
its jurisdiction in sections of the Broadcasting Act that it asserts were
originally implemented by the legislature to solely remedy the cable as
gatekeepers' problem as it relates to specialty and pay services. In this regard, Bell cites the policy
objectives 3(1)(t)(iii) and the Commission's regulation making powers in
section 10(1)(h). As you know, the
modern principle of statutory interpretation requires that the words of an Act
are to be read in their entire context and in their grammatical and ordinary
sense, harmoniously wit the scheme of the Act, the object of the Act and the
provision at issue and the intention of Parliament." (As read)
2359 Now
comes the question ‑‑
‑‑‑ Laughter /
Rires
2360 THE
CHAIRPERSON: Assume for a moment that
Parliament's sole intention when it implemented section 3(1)(t)(iii),
9(1)(h) and 10(1)(h) was indeed aimed at rectifying the cable as gatekeepers
issue as it relates to specialty and pay services.
2361 In
light of the modern principle of statutory interpretation, please comment on
why you consider that the Commission can use the section for the current
purpose of establishing a fee for carriage regime.
2362 MR.
MALCOLMSON: I promise I won't ask you to
repeat the question.
‑‑‑ Laughter / Rires
2363 MR.
MALCOLMSON: Section 9(1)(h)
is one of the Commission's general powers as articulated under the
Act. There is nothing in the section per
se to limit how that power should be exercised.
The statutory wording, which is what you look at when you interpret the
existence of a power and the scope of a power, is quite clear, in my view, and
it provides that:
"... the Commission may, in
furtherance of its objects..."
2364 Which
is important phrasing:
"(h) require any licensee who
is authorized to carry on a distribution undertaking..."
2365 A
BDU:
"... to carry, on such terms
and conditions as the Commission deems appropriate, programming services
specified by the Commission."
2366 So
the power that the Commission has been granted under 9(1)(h) flows from its
authority to further the object set out in section 3.
2367 So
when you look at 9(1)(h), as in any of the Commission's powers, you have to go
back to section 3 and you have to ask yourself under section 3, does
the Commission have the authority to do what it is being asked to do?
2368 I
think in this particular case, Mr. Chairman, it is quite clear and I would
go back to section 3(1)(e) of the Act.
2369 Section
3(1)(e), which is addressed at length in our opinion, provides that:
"Each element of the Canadian
broadcasting system shall contribute in an appropriate manner to the creation
and presentation of Canadian programming."
(As read)
2370 The
words "each element" and the word "shall" are
important here. Here you have
programming services who have a relationship to the BDUs ‑‑
BDUs are an element of the system ‑‑ both of whom have an
obligation under the Act to contribute as you see fit to the creation and
presentation of Canadian programming.
2371 So
at the end of the day if you determine that a fee for carriage, as proposed by
any of the broadcasters, be it distant, be it local, is an appropriate
contribution to the creation and presentation of Canadian programming, then I
think you can use 9(1)(h) to enact that measure.
2372 A
couple of other points I would make.
2373 You
took a look yourselves at 9(1)(h) in a recent dispute, I think it was with Star
Choice and Pelmorex, and in your decision ‑‑ and it was
Decision 2004‑197 ‑‑ you concluded in interpreting
9(1)(h) that there was nothing in the section to suggest that it only could be
engaged when cable was acting in its gatekeeping role and refusing to carry a
programming service.
2374 So
I think you yourselves have taken a broader view and a proper view of 9(1)(h).
2375 Let's
assume Bell is right ‑‑ I don't think they are, but let's
assume they are right ‑‑ you have other powers under the Act
that allow you, in my view, to impose fee for carriage. I can take you through those powers, but I
suspect you know what they are: the
imposition of conditions of license, amending the regulations.
2376 THE
CHAIRPERSON: What about 10(1)(h), which
is also mentioned by Bell?
2377 MR.
MALCOLMSON: I don't think that section
precludes you from exercising any of your other powers, and in particular I
don't think it precludes you from exercising the powers under 9(1)(h). They are not mutually exclusive.
2378 THE
CHAIRPERSON: All right. Thank you.
2379 In
arguing against the introduction of an over‑the‑air fee for
carriage, certain parties have indicated that over‑the‑air
broadcasters and pay and specialty services do not acquire the same rights in
the programs and that as a result over‑the‑air broadcasters have no
rights to resell or to sublease.
2380 Do
you agree with such an interpretation first?
2381 MR.
MALCOLMSON: No, I do not.
2382 THE
CHAIRPERSON: You do not.
2383 How
shall it be taken into consideration in the Commission's decision with respect
to the introduction of fee for carriage?
2384 MR.
MALCOLMSON: The question you have asked,
or the argument that has been raised by some of these intervenors is really
that when a BDU negotiates an affiliation fee with a specialty service, one of
the elements that goes into that negotiation is that the specialty service is
able to provide rights to the programming, or in other words the BDU is no
libel under copyright for that programming.
2385 In
the context of over‑the‑air signals, for the BDUs to say that they
are somehow at risk under copyright because the over‑the‑air
service can't provide the copyrights to them, that is just a wrong
interpretation, and it is wrong because under the Copyright Act, specifically
section 31, the BDUs already have copyright clearance. They are recognized retransmitters of distant
signals, and they are recognized retransmitters of local signals. So they are not at copyright risk.
2386 So
that is not a factor that is relevant to valuing what fee for carriage should
be in the over‑the‑air context.
2387 THE
CHAIRPERSON: Obviously if there was to
be fee for carriage, you will have to undertake a negotiation and have
agreements with the BDUs, to whom you will guarantee that you have the rights
for the programming.
2388 MR.
MALCOLMSON: Certainly in
the context of a distant signal fee for carriage regime where there
is a negotiation, the liability, to the extent that there is any, could be
allocated by contract.
2389 In
the local over‑the‑air regime, the BDUs are already permitted under
copyright to take the local signals for free, without paying any retransmission
royalty.
2390 In
our model there wouldn't be a negotiation, because the local signals would
continue to be must carry/must offer. So
there wouldn't be a contractual opportunity.
2391 THE
CHAIRPERSON: All right.
2392 Under
the transmission regime of the Copyright Act, over‑the‑air
broadcasters are entitled to receive a portion of the distant signal for fee
royalties as owners of copyright on compilation.
2393 Some
might argue that the payment of an over‑the‑air for carriers will
be duplicated.
2394 Could
you please elaborate on that?
2395 MR.
MALCOLMSON: Certainly. First I will talk about the difference
between the payments and then I would like to talk a little bit about the
actual payments that come to broadcasters under the Copyright regime, just to
contextualize it.
2396 But
under copyright what is being paid for under the retransmission royalties is
money for the copyright in the programs that reside within the
signal. So the local broadcaster for
example is being paid for his station‑produced programming, he is being
paid for the compiling of a schedule, and then the programs inside his signal,
U.S.‑acquired programming for example, also get retransmission royalties.
2397 I
will come back in a minute to who gets what because it is interesting to look
at.
2398 Under
the regime that we are proposing here, we are seeking to be compensated for the
signal right. It has nothing to do with
the programs inside the signal which is covered by copyright, it has to do with
the signal and how the signal is transmitted and whether there is value in the
signal, both at the local and distant level.
2399 We
are asking you to make a ruling under the Broadcasting Act that there is value
in that signal because the transmission of that signal assists in achieving
Broadcasting Act objectives.
2400 If
you would bear with me for a minute just on the distant signal retransmission
regime and who gets what it is quite interesting.
2401 The
total payment right now under the retransmission royalty us $0.70 for each
household that receives a distant signal.
Of that $0.70, private broadcasters receive 6 percent to split
among themselves, so they are getting 4.25 cents to split among
themselves. The U.S. studios that supply
foreign programming into Canada, interestingly enough, get about 58 percent
or 56 percent or $0.51 of the $0.70.
2402 The
BDUs claim that there is $100 million of retransmission royalties being
paid. They may be right, but those
monies aren't flowing in large proportion to the broadcasters.
2403 THE
CHAIRPERSON: My question is
not necessarily for you, Mr. Malcolmson. I did ask Ken Goldstein if that
revenue was part of the other revenues.
2404 In
the case of CTV, how do you account for those revenues?
2405 MS
BROWN: We account for the revenues are
received in our "Other income" line on our returns.
2406 THE
CHAIRPERSON: Thank you.
2407 If
the Commission were to introduce a fee for carriage, shall it draw a
distinction between local and distinct signals and what will be the rationale
and what factors shall it consider?
2408 MR.
MALCOLMSON: From a legal standpoint,
Mr. Chairman, you don't need to draw a distinction. The question you have to ask yourself and be
satisfied of is whether fee for carriage for a distant signal and whether fee
for carriage for a local signal assists in accomplishing the objectives of the
Act. That is really the test you have to
apply.
2409 The
fee that is payable could assist by way of a direct contribution, for example
the incremental priority that the CTV people have talked about, or the fee
could assist in the fulfilment of the objectives of the Act simply by
strengthening the local broadcaster, if you accept the evidence in front of you
that the conventional sector is suffering and needs assistance to meet its
obligations.
2410 So
the test under the Act is the same whether we are talking about fee for
carriage for local or fee for carriage for distance in my mind.
2411 THE
CHAIRPERSON: Thank you.
2412 In
your view, what will be the implication of the existing copyright regime of a
decision of the CRTC not to require that over‑the‑air transmitters
be maintained?
2413 Will
the over‑the‑air broadcasters be considered as pay or specialty
services under the Copyright Act?
2414 What
is your view on those two questions?
2415 MR.
MALCOLMSON: I think if you were to take
away the requirements to have a transmitter, but still maintain the local over‑the‑air
type of license ‑‑ and you could do that through amending some
of your definitions. I don't think
taking down the transmitters all of a sudden means that a local television is
like a specialty or a pay service. I
think you could still have the local programming, local television station type
of license.
2416 But
you would have to redefine the service area because obviously there wouldn't be
contours as determined by a transmitter any more, but I don't think it changes
the class of license.
2417 THE
CHAIRPERSON: Thank you for your answers
on copyright matters, but I know that our legal people also have other issues
and I will turn to them.
2418 MS
CRUISE: Good evening. I think I only have about three or four
questions. Some of mine were just taken
care of.
2419 The
first question I have is just a housekeeping matter.
2420 The
three or four undertakings that you gave to Commissioner Duncan throughout
your presentation, I just wonder if you could provide the answers to those with
the Commission and on the public record by the end of the oral submissions
next Wednesday so that the parties can have the opportunity to look at
them before they submit their final report?
2421 MR.
MALCOLMSON: Yes, that would be fine.
2422 MS
CRUISE: All right.
2423 My
first question is with regard to Bell Canada's submission at
paragraph 150, page 47 of their paper in which they argue that fee
for carriage regime would constitute a tax and therefore be outside the
Commission's jurisdiction.
2424 I
just wonder if you could comment on that?
2425 MR.
MALCOLMSON: The test for determining
whether a particular fee is a tax ‑‑ I'm sorry, I can't see
you ‑‑ or is a legitimate regulatory charge has been looked at
by the Supreme Court of Canada in a case called Westbank First Nation, and Bell
cited that case quite properly in its submission.
2426 Where
I differ with Bell is, really there is a five‑prong test and it is test
number five ‑‑ I won't bore you with the first four, but test
number five is: In order for something
to be a tax, the Court has to determine that it is unconnected to any form of a
regulatory scheme.
2427 In
the particular case that we have here, the fee for carriage is clearly attached
to ‑‑ or to use the words of the Court, adhesive to a
regulatory scheme. It is being put in
place to further a statutory objective, i.e. the objectives of section 3
of the Act to strengthen the creation and presentation of Canadian programming.
2428 So
in my mind by no means is this type of fee a tax, just as specialty channel
wholesale fees wouldn't be considered a tax and I don't think have been
challenged as such.
2429 Another
key test of whether something is a tax is whether it is being put into place to
raise revenue for general purposes.
Again, clearly in this situation there is a fee being put in place to
further the objectives of the Act.
2430 A
third layer is, something is not a tax if it is a user fee. You could
characterize ‑‑ this isn't the way I would characterize it at
first instance, but as an alternative argument you could characterize fee for
carriage as a user fee, i.e. either the BDU is using the signal or the consumer
is paying a user fee in return for the right to receive the signal. So I don't think it is a tax, I don't think
it meets the tests in the Westbank case.
2431 MS
CRUISE: Thank you.
2432 Coming
back to the issue of the statutory authority under the Act for a fee for
carriage regime ‑‑ I think you answered this but I just want
to be clear.
2433 It
has been mentioned today that any distant fee for carriage monies would go to
CTV's margin, bottom line.
2434 I'm
just wondering how you would justify that with respect to the specific
objectives of the Act?
2435 MR.
MALCOLMSON: I think when you look at the
objectives of the Act, one I have mentioned which is 3(1)(e) the creation and
presentation of programming. There are
other objectives that speak to the importance of local reflection, local
programming.
2436 So
to the extent that a fee being paid for a distant signal assists an over‑the‑air
broadcaster in meeting those obligations in its local market, then I think it
is justified under the Act. You have to
make that determination as to whether there is a sufficient link.
2437 MS
CRUISE: Thank you.
2438 My
last line of questioning goes to paragraph 36, page 11 of your opinion,
when you state that: The CRTC's
jurisdiction to impose a fee for carriage regime wouldn't be impeded by any
international treaties that Canada is a party to and that the
implementation of a fee for carriage regime domestically would not result in Canadian
BDUs also having to pay similar compensation to foreign broadcasters.
2439 A
number of parties have made submissions on this point. I can point you to Telco TV at
paragraph 49 of their submission where they argued the opposite way, and
also Bell Canada at paragraph 160 does the same.
2440 So
if you could just speak to that issue?
2441 MR.
MALCOLMSON: I may have to warn you a
little bit, I will try to be brief, but this answer can get a little bit long.
2442 Bell
in particular refers to Article 2006 of the North American Free Trade
Agreement. Actually, what they should be
looking at is the Canada‑U.S. Free Trade Agreement which is incorporated
by reference into NAFTA.
2443 Bell
I think made two arguments. Number one,
if there was fee for carriage for Canadian broadcasters, then that would
trigger something called the National Treatment Obligation under the Free Trade
Agreement, which would require the same treatment to be accorded to the U.S.
over‑the‑air broadcasters.
2444 The
second point they made was that there would be retaliatory action under
the Free Trade Agreement.
2445 Just
dealing first with the National Treatment Obligation, you have to look first of
all at what broadcasting is for the purposes of the trade agreement, because
the trade agreement deals with goods, services or investment. Broadcasting is clearly a service, so you
look to Chapter 14 of the Free Trade Agreement, and Bell is right that
there is a National Treatment Obligation there.
So if broadcasting was a covered service, then that National Treatment
Obligation would apply.
2446 But
when you look at what the covered services are under Chapter 14 of the
Free Trade Agreement, specifically Annex 1408, you quickly find that
broadcasting is not a covered service.
That means there is no National Treatment Obligation.
2447 MS
CRUISE: Can I just interrupt you on that
point?
2448 Annex
1408, my understanding is that it is just a general identification of the
services covered and that you have to look at the schedule to the annex, and
under the schedule to the annex it includes such things as radio broadcasting,
television broadcasting, cable television services.
2449 Maybe
you have an opinion on that.
2450 MR.
MALCOLMSON: That gets to the next point,
is if it turns out that it is properly interpreted as a covered service, then
you go to the Cultural Industries Exemption which is set out in
Article 2005. Again, the Cultural
Industries Exemption does not provide for a National Treatment Obligation. It does set the stage for the potential for
retaliation, which is something no one can ‑‑ you can never
prohibit the United States from taking a retaliatory action or at least issuing
a challenge. So that's where you go.
2451 MS
CRUISE: Thank you. That answers the question for NAFTA.
2452 Are
there any other international obligations that you think could be pertinent?
2453 MR.
MALCOLMSON: There is the WIPO Treaty
that has been talked about a lot, but it is not in effect. It has been in the stages for negotiation I
think for seven or eight years.
2454 If
it were enacted in its current form, it would extend to all broadcasting
undertakings, a right of prohibition over its signal.
2455 As
the Commission pointed out in its letter to TELUS, I think in August, the fact
that there is a potential treaty out there that may adopt a measure ‑‑
that may affect a decision of the Commission isn't something to preclude what
the Commission can decide today.
2456 That
is the treaty that others have raised as well, but it doesn't exist yet.
2457 MS
CRUISE: Thank you. Just one final follow‑up.
2458 My
understanding under GATT, Canada hasn't maintained any or offered any
protections for broadcasting and so GATTs wouldn't apply.
2459 Do
you have a comment on that?
2460 MR.
MALCOLMSON: I think that is correct.
2461 MS
CRUISE: Thank you.
2462 THE
CHAIRPERSON: Well, thank you. Thank you, Mr. Malcolmson, thank you
Mr. Fecan, thank you to your team.
2463 COMMISSIONER
FRENCH: Mr. Chairman, comme je vous
ai dit là, j'ai une question pour Monsieur Malcolmson.
2464 Mr.
Malcolmson, I'm not a lawyer any more than I am a broadcasting expert, but I
want to go back to the Westbank test.
2465 Let's
suppose that a participant in this hearing, an intervenor, wanted to generate
more funding for the artistic community, and let's suppose that they wanted to
generate that funding from telecommunications enterprises, and so these
telecommunications enterprises would presumably be regulated under the Radio
Communications Act or the Telecommunications Act not the Broadcasting Act, but
the public purpose clearly for which these funds would be spent would be the
purposes of the objectives of the Broadcasting Act.
2466 Suppose
the Commission were to try to use its powers ‑‑ or Industry
Canada in the case of the Radio Communications Act ‑‑ to use
their powers to generate funds which would ultimately be spent in the
broadcasting domain.
2467 Would
that meet the test of adhesive to a regulatory regime?
2468 MR.
MALCOLMSON: I must admit I find your
question confusing, but I will try to answer it.
2469 COMMISSIONER
FRENCH: No, I don't blame you for
finding it confusing. I found the
submission confusing and I will discuss it with the witness in due course.
2470 But
I'm just asking you whether it would meet the test in your mind that you have
articulated in Westbank?
2471 MR.
MALCOLMSON: The test in Westbank is a
direct test, so what you seem to be describing to me is using one statute to
accomplish a statutory objective set out in another statute.
2472 COMMISSIONER
FRENCH: Exactly.
2473 MR.
MALCOLMSON: If I understand that as
your hypothetical, I'm considering that on the fly, but I think Westbank
would require a direct nexus between the statute. In other words, in our fact situation a
link between Broadcasting Act objectives and a fee imposed under that statute,
not another statute.
2474 COMMISSIONER
FRENCH: Thank you.
2475 THE
CHAIRPERSON: Mr. Fecan and your
team, thank you very much. It is late in
the day but I think we have covered it all.
2476 The
hearing is adjourned. We will resume
tomorrow morning at 8:30.
2477 Thank
you. Have a nice evening.
‑‑‑ Whereupon the
hearing adjourned at 2028, to resume
on Tuesday, November 28, 2006 at 0830 / L'audience
est ajournée à 2028, pour reprendre le mardi
28 novembre 2006 à 0830
REPORTERS
/ STENOGRAPHES
_______________________ _______________________
Johanne Morin Jean Desaulniers
_______________________ _______________________
Monique Mahoney Madeleine Matte
_______________________
Sue Villeneuve
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