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Decision
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Ottawa, 27 October 1988
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Decision CRTC 88-777
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CHUM Limited
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Toronto, Ontario -880308200
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Following a public hearing in the National Capital Region commencing on 13 June 1988, the Commission renews the network licence issued to CHUM Limited to carry on a national, English-language specialty music service (known as MuchMusic) from 1 April 1989 to 31 August 1993, subject to the conditions of licence specified in the appendix to this decision and in the licence to be issued.
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This term, the end of which conforms with the end of a broadcast year, will enable the Commission to consider the renewal of this licence at the same time as that of other Canadian specialty and pay television licences.
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CHUM Limited is controlled by Mr. Allan Waters, whose combined direct and indirect holdings total 81.7% of the common voting shares. CHUM Limited has extensive broadcast interests and is the licensee of various radio and television stations across Canada, including CITY-TV. It also has 50% ownership in MusiquePlus, the French-language specialty service.
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In its application, the licensee proposed to offer primarily a music video service featuring Canadian and international videoclips programmed on an eight-hour cycle that is repeated twice in each 24-hour period. The network would also offer "music/entertainment related news, views, video-jockey talk and interviews, concerts and specials as well as music movies and other feature programming of a music genre".
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Under the terms of its existing licence, MuchMusic is authorized to distribute only those music feature films in which the ratio of music to synchronized spoken word is at least 60:40. The licensee is restricted to no more than two hours of such programming per eight-hour program block and to a maximum of six hours of music feature films per week. MuchMusic wishes to continue to distribute such music feature films under the terms of its renewed licence.
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At the hearing, First Choice Canadian Communications Corporation (First Choice) and the Canadian Association of Broadcasters expressed concern that the inclusion of such programming diminishes the degree to which MuchMusic is distinguishable from conventional and pay television programming services. First Choice suggested that the Commission should permit MuchMusic to distribute only feature films in which music is performed directly before the camera for at least 60% of the duration of the film. CHUM Limited disagreed with this definition and clarified its own interpretation of the 60:40 music to spoken word criterion applicable to music feature films. Specifically it proposed that:
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where synchronized spoken word occurs within a film, the duration of such dialogue will be counted as spoken word for the purposes of the 60:40 music to spoken word test;
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where synchronized spoken word occurs within a film, accompanied or enhanced by background music, the duration of such dialogue will be counted as spoken word for purposes of the 60:40 test;
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where music occurs in a film, and is not used as background music for synchronized spoken word, the duration of such music will be counted as music for purposes of the 60:40 test;
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where music occurs within a film and small amounts of non-synchronized dialogue are present within such music, the duration of such music will be counted as music for purposes of the 60:40 test.
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The Commission is satisfied that this clarification will help ensure that the feature films distributed by MuchMusic are of a music genre.
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As it has done for other specialty services and in order to ensure that MuchMusic continues to offer the narrowcast service described in its application, the Commission has imposed a condition of licence designed to define and limit the service, in accordance with the licensee's commitments. The details of this condition are set out in the appendix.
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MuchMusic's Performance
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MuchMusic was first licensed in 1984 to provide a discretionary music specialty service (Decision CRTC 84-338). The Commission expressed the view that the licensing of the MuchMusic service would "assure a marked increase in the production of Canadian music videos and the exposure of Canadian talent, and should stimulate both the Canadian production and recording industries to experiment and respond to the growing audience for music video programming".
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In its decision, the Commission imposed a condition of licence requiring MuchMusic to schedule a minimum percentage of Canadian music videos each day, beginning with 10% in the first year of operation and increasing to 30% as of 1 January 1989. In addition, the Commission stipulated that the licensee should devote the greater of 2.4% of its gross revenues or $100,000 each year to the development of music videos.
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In Decision CRTC 87-902 dated 30 November 1987, the Commission permitted MuchMusic to be distributed as part of the basic cable service in anglophone markets and amended the licence to increase the percentage of Canadian videos to 30% once the MuchMusic service was so distributed.
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In Decision CRTC 87-902, the Commission also required the licensee, in line with the Canadian programming requirements for conventional television services, to devote at least 60% of the broadcast day to the distribution of Canadian programs.
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In the four years since its inception, MuchMusic has realized consistent subscriber growth, increasing from approximately 558,000 households as of 31 August 1985 to an estimated level of 1.2 million households at the time of the hearing. According to Mr. Moses Znaimer, MuchMusic's President, the network's audience appeal is in large part due to its sound financial basis and its creative, Canadian programming which has proven to be "successful with artists, with critics, with the record industry [and] the fans..."
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In its application, the licensee indicated that the MuchMusic service became profitable in 1986. However, because MuchMusic has reported as a division of CHUM Limited, the Commission has no information as to the cumulative deficit, if any, of this separately licensed undertaking. The application projects 3.1 million subscribers by the end of the 1989/90 broadcast year increasing to an average of 3.45 million for the year 1992/93.
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A number of artists endorsed MuchMusic's role in providing support for new Canadian musical talent. One significant aspect of the music service's commitment in this regard has been its direct contribution, totalling more than $650,000 to date, to the production of new Canadian music videos through the Video Foundation to Assist Canadian Talent (known as VideoFACT). In its four-year history, this production incentive fund has contributed to the creation of more than 148 music video projects. In line with MuchMusic's undertaking at the time it was licensed, VideoFACT's administrative and overhead costs are also borne by the MuchMusic service.
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In elaborating on its contribution to the production of Canadian videos through VideoFACT, the licensee noted that it has met, and at times exceeded, its commitment to allocate at least 2.4% of gross revenues each year for this purpose.
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The licensee also submitted that, based on actual monthly averages, it had distributed the requisite percentage of Canadian music videos. While MuchMusic acknowledged that on a number of occasions it had failed to meet its obligations on a daily basis, as required in its conditions of licence, it pointed out that it had encountered most of its difficulties following the launch of its service and at the beginning of 1987 when its obligation to broadcast Canadian music videos doubled from 10% to 20%.
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MuchMusic noted that in no week prior to January 1987 had it failed to meet its obligations, calculated on a weekly basis, and that it had taken action to correct the problem by scheduling Canadian videos at times other than at the end of the hour, thereby removing the risk that this material might be dropped if interview or talk segments last longer than expected. It has also made adjustments to its computerized tracking and scheduling system and made the associate program producer responsible for ensuring that the minimum Canadian content level is met on an hourly basis.
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In Decision CRTC 84-338, the Commission noted the licensee's proposal to contribute 2.4% of its gross revenues to performance royalties. The Commission expected the licensee to undertake negotiations with the appropriate performing rights organizations and to advise it of the results.
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The Commission also stated that it expected the licensee to take all necessary steps to ensure that fair and equitable access policies were established with respect to the selection and presentation of music video clips. The Commission noted that "new artists and bands should not be denied access to the network, provided their video material meets the licensee's minimum standards of acceptability".
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In its application, the licensee pointed out that it has programmed virtually every Canadian video that has met its technical and editorial standards and that artists whose video clips fail to be given regular rotation often receive national exposure through specialized programs like "City Limits" or regional talent programs such as "MuchMusic West" or "Rock Flash". At the hearing the licensee explained that, since its September 1984 launch, its video library has expanded from 1,200 selections to 7,300 and that the number of Canadian videos has increased from 135 to 1,037.
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Financial Projection for the New Licence term
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In his presentation at the June hearing, Mr. Znaimer described the difficulty MuchMusic had encountered in providing precise plans for the new licence term because the licensee was still in the process of negotiating its distribution on the basic service of the major cable operators. Nevertheless, at the hearing, MuchMusic estimated that it would be carried on the basic service of most of its large urban market cable affiliates commencing 1 September 1988, resulting in a penetration rate of 63% of English-language cable households, excluding those in the province of Quebec.
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In the financial projections in its application, the licensee assumed that MuchMusic will be carried exclusively on basic cable. The licensee projected a subscriber base of 2.95 million households as of 1 September 1988, increasing to an average of 3.451 million for the year ending 31 August 1993.
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With respect to its projected subscriber revenues, the licensee proposed to increase its current wholesale rate of $0.06 to $0.08 in 1988/89, with an annual $0.005 inflationary increase thereafter, such that by 31 August 1993, the rate would increase to $0.095 per subscriber per month.
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Mr. Znaimer explained that MuchMusic was obliged to modify the projections contained in its 1987 application requesting distribution on the basic service because it was still uncertain as to the actual number of basic subscribers it would have, particularly in the first year and because it had not previously taken into account the practice by cable companies of discounting rates for bulk customers.
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In its application, MuchMusic proposed that it be permitted to distribute 12 minutes of national advertising material per clock hour. The licensee estimated, however, that the growth in its advertising revenues in 1988/89 would not parallel the initial growth in subscriber numbers since, in its view, the allocation of television advertising dollars is not expanding fast enough to support the increasing number of viewing choices. MuchMusic also considers that its narrowly-targeted specialty service will continue to attract a limited potential account list of national advertisers. In addition, it considers that additional promotional and marketing expenses would be required to build audience awareness of its service.
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Using the wholesale rates filed in its application, MuchMusic anticipated subscriber revenues of $16,194,000 between 1 September 1988 and 31 August 1993 and advertising revenues of $40,586,000 for a total of $56,780,000.
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The Commission is of the view that additional subscriber revenues will be necessary if the licensee is to meet its programming commitments over the term of its new licence. At the same time, the Commission considers that the licensee's advertising revenue projections are somewhat conservative. Accordingly, the Commission has established wholesale rates for the next licence term amounting to $0.07 per subscriber as of 1 April 1989, rising to $0.08 as of 1 September 1989 and to $0.09 as of 1 September 1991. The condition of licence establishing the wholesale subscriber rate is set out in the appendix to this decision.
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At the same time, the Commission has provided, by condition of licence, that the licensee distribute no more than 12 minutes of advertising material during each clock hour and that it not distribute any advertising material other than national advertising.
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Programming Plans
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The Commission acknowledges the achievements to date of this specialty music programming service, particularly the contribution it has made to the diversity of programming offered by the Canadian broadcasting system, the support it provides to Canadian musical talent and to Canadian music video production through its contributions to VideoFACT, as well as the strong production values and creative visual and sound programming of its in-house productions. The Commission also notes the significant exposure and substantial support the service has given to Canadian musical talent and its vital role in encouraging young Canadians to participate in this aspect of Canada's cultural expression, as referred to in the written interventions submitted by Crawleys International Inc., the Canadian Independent Record Production Association and Canadian Satellite Communications Inc.
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The Commission has evaluated MuchMusic's proposals and commitments for the new licence term and is satisfied that the conditions of licence attached to this decision and the specific expectations contained herein are consistent with the obligations imposed on other programming services distributed as part of the basic service on cable and are in line with the projected revenues of the MuchMusic service in its new licence term as discussed with the licensee at the hearing.
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(i) Exhibition of Canadian Programming
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In its application CHUM Limited proposed that, during the new licence term, 30% of the music videos it distributes on its service will be Canadian. The licensee suggested, however, that it be permitted to meet this obligation on a weekly rather than a daily basis, as is required under the current terms of its licence. Similarly, MuchMusic proposed to devote 60% of its broadcast week and 50% of its evening viewing hours each week to the distribution of Canadian programming.
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In support of a weekly measurement period, MuchMusic explained that its service should be considered as more like an FM than an AM radio service, by virtue of the amount of enrichment or foreground material it offers. It also pointed out that, in scheduling weekly or occasional music programs that reflect minority musical tastes, it has experienced some difficulty in meeting the daily Canadian video requirements, particularly given the nature of its program cycle, which consists of an eight-hour program-block that is repeated twice in a twenty-four hour period.
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In determining the requirements that should apply with respect to the exhibition of Canadian programming, the Commission is mindful of the need to ensure that Canadian musicians are offered access to the network and that Canadian viewers are offered varied and comprehensive programming choices. Accordingly, the Commission requires, by condition of licence, that at least 30% of the music videos distributed each week be Canadian and that they be scheduled evenly throughout each broadcast week and in a reasonable manner throughout each broadcast day.
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The Commission also requires, by condition of licence, that at least 60% of the broadcast week and 50% of the period from 6:00 p.m. to midnight each week be devoted to Canadian programming, in keeping with similar requirements for conventional television broadcasters.
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In its renewal application, MuchMusic also proposed that 1% of the music videos distributed each week would be in the French language.
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In response to concerns expressed by the Commission at the hearing, MuchMusic argued that it would normally expect to exceed this level and pointed out that, with the advent of the MusiquePlus service on 1 September 1988, "there is a whole other medium now for expression of French-language music". In addition, the licensee noted that it has taken other initiatives in support of French Canadian musical talent such as occasional "Big Ticket" concert specials featuring top Quebec music personalities, news reports out of Montreal, and exchanges of video jockeys between the French-and English-language specialty music services. The licensee also made a commitment to feature francophone artists in two of the nine major concerts it broadcasts every year and to broadcast "14 videos per week in the French language or featuring Quebec artists".
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In Decision CRTC 87-902 the Commission acknowledged this licensee's role in establishing the VideoFACT production fund, which provides substantial contributions to the development of French-language musical talent. It also commended the licensee's investment in the MusiquePlus French-language music video service, which was licensed on 30 November 1987 as a full-time network service. The Commission is surprised and disappointed that, in the present application, the licensee has not seen fit to provide stronger support and exposure for French-language videos, particularly in light of the increased availability and quality of such product, as advocated by the licensee in relation to the MusiquePlus application. As the penetration of MusiquePlus in anglophone markets will be minimal and since MusiquePlus already contributes to the exposure of English-language videos, the Commission has determined that the MuchMusic service, given its potential impact, must do more than it has proposed.
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Accordingly, by condition of licence, as set out in the appendix to this decision, the licensee is required to distribute a minimum of 5% French-language music videos on the MuchMusic service, measured on a weekly basis. The Commission notes in this regard that to meet the 5% requirement the licensee need only schedule 5 of the 100 videos that constitute each eight-hour program block or 35 out of 700 per week. In addition, the Commission expects MuchMusic to adhere to its commitment to broadcast two major concerts each year featuring francophone artists.
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At the hearing, Mr. Znaimer spoke of MuchMusic's intention to expand its relationship with the independent production sector, and referred specifically to concert presentations, music specials and music feature films. He also mentioned plans to improve the service's news operation to "achieve an even wider coverage of arts and entertainment" across Canada. MuchMusic also indicated that over the new licence term, as the number of subscribers increased, it intends to introduce new program elements such as a panel discussion or music trivia game show, a weekday half-hour news program reporting on Canadian show business and cultural activities, and possibly a morning show. The Commission encourages MuchMusic to explore these new directions and welcomes any initiative taken with respect to the development of innovative programming ideas.
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(ii) Expenditures on Canadian Programming
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In its renewal application, the licensee proposed that 91% of its programming budget for the period 1 September 1989 to 31 August 1993 would be allocated to Canadian programming, and that it would spend an average of $3,903,000 each year on Canadian programming during this same period as compared with $400,250 on foreign programming.
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As noted above, MuchMusic has contributed more than $650,000 to VideoFACT during the present licence term. With respect to the new licence period, MuchMusic proposed to continue to contribute the greater of $100,000 per year or 2.4% of its gross revenue to Canadian music video production. According to the application, the licensee will contribute an additional $915,718 to VideoFACT over the four full years of the new licence term.
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The Commission notes that the MuchMusic service is in a profitable financial situation and considers that it is realistic to expect the licensee to contribute a greater proportion of its gross revenues to the production of Canadian music videos than it has over the present licence term. Moreover, according to information provided at the hearing, the average cost of a Canadian video is between $18,000 and $19,000, of which the VideoFACT contribution averages $4,500 to $5,000 or approximately 30%.
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Accordingly, in order to stimulate the production of a significant number of Canadian music videos, the Commission requires that, in each year of its new licence term, MuchMusic shall allocate to VideoFACT for the development and production of Canadian music videos the greater of $300,000 or 5% of its gross revenues. The specific amounts are established in the conditions of licence set out in the appendix to this decision.
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In its application, the licensee proposed that, during the four full years of the new licence term, its Canadian programming expenditures will range between 32.7% and 33.6% of gross revenues. The Commission expects that the licensee will expend the percentage of gross revenue on Canadian programming projected for each year of the new licence term.
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At the hearing, Mr. Znaimer mentioned that while MuchMusic does not pay for the music videos it receives, it acknowledges the distribution costs faced by the record industry through an annual administrative support payment to the Video Licensing Association (VLA). In Decision CRTC 84-338, the Commission noted the licensee's commitment to contribute an additional 2.4% of gross revenues for performance royalties to compensate authors, composers and publishers for the use of their music. The renewal application indicated that this contribution is shared by the Performing Rights Organization of Canada (PROCAN) and the Composers, Authors and Publishers Association of Canada (CAPAC) and, at the hearing, MuchMusic explained that its current performance royalties are expressed as a dollar amount rather than as a percentage of gross revenues. In this respect, the Commission expects the licensee to report on the results of the agreements it is negotiating with the performing rights societies for payments in the new licence term.
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Other Matters
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Sex-role Stereotyping and Violence
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At the hearing MuchMusic reviewed its policy and the guidelines or protocols it has developed for ensuring that the material it broadcasts meets "reasonable standards", specifically with a view to avoiding sex-role stereotyping and gratuitous violence.
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All new music videos are subjected to a two-phase screening process, according to which any material considered questionable is subject to thorough review by an internal screening committee. The licensee emphasized that it meets regularly with producers, record companies, artists and video producers to inform them of the MuchMusic services standards and that it reports to the Commission annually on this subject.
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MuchMusic currently adheres on a voluntary basis to the CAB's self-regulatory guidelines on sex-role stereotyping. In addition, as outlined above, it adheres to its own comprehensive protocols. The Commission commends the licensee for its efforts in its area and, as is the case for conventional television broadcasters and other specialty services available as part of the basic service, the Commission requires MuchMusic, by condition of licence, to adhere to the CAB's sex-role stereotyping guidelines.
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In this respect, the Commission acknowledges MuchMusic's statement that its internal policies on sex-role stereotyping and violent content go beyond the criteria established by the Canadian Association of Broadcasters, and that it has undertaken to advise the Commission of any future changes in their thrust or content. In line with the expectation in Decision CRTC 87-902, the Commission expects the licensee to continue to exercise particular care and discretion in the presentation and scheduling of program material which depicts scenes of violence and to abstain from showing any material portraying excessive or gratuitous violence.
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The Commission also notes the licensee's undertaking to abide by the CAB's code for advertising to children.
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Closed Captioning
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At the hearing MuchMusic stated that it had not allocated any funds specifically for closed caption programming. Nevertheless, the licensee did suggest that it would propose that, as a condition of receiving grant money from VideoFACT, music videos produced with the aid of this production development fund should be closed captioned. It estimated the cost to be between $300 and $500 per video.
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The Commission notes the interventions received from the Canadian Captioning Development Agency Inc. and the Ontario Closed Caption Consumers requesting that the licensee be required to broadcast a minimum number of closed caption videos, to contribute to the production costs of captioning some Canadian-made videos and to ensure minimum standards of quality. In light of these comments, the Commission expects the licensee to ensure that a reasonable amount of closed caption programming is made available for hearing-impaired viewers.
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The Commission further expects the licensee, within the first year of the new licence term, to make use of the line 21 text capability to inform deaf and hearing-impaired viewers who are equipped with a decoder permitting the reception of captioned information, of the time at which closed captioned programs are scheduled to appear and to advise them whenever technical difficulties prevent scheduled captioned programming from being presented.
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The Commission encourages the licensee, within the first year of the new licence term, to install a Telephone Device for the Deaf to provide for better communication between MuchMusic and the deaf and hearing impaired.
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Regulatory Provisions
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The Commission intends early next year to issue for public comment proposed regulations dealing specifically with specialty undertakings. Included in these regulations will be those provisions of the Television Broadcasting Regulations, 1987 that were incorporated by reference into the licences of specialty networks licensed by the Commission on 30 November 1987. In the interim, however, the Commission expects MuchMusic to adhere to the requirements of sections 5, 6, 7, 8, 12, 13 and 14 and subsections 10(5) and 10(6) of the television regulations, with the necessary changes. In addition, the Commission expects MuchMusic to maintain and enter in a program log on a daily basis the information described in condition number 15 of the licence issued to CHUM Limited and Radiomutuel (1985) Limitée for the MusiquePlus network.
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Financial Reporting
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In its evaluation of this renewal application, the Commission notes that MuchMusic reports as a division of its parent company, CHUM Limited, and as such does not provide audited financial statements for this individual licensed undertaking. Although the divisional financial reporting may meet the internal requirements of the licensee, the Commission found that the financial statements provided made it difficult for the Commission to reconcile the figures submitted in the licensee's annual returns with the calculation contained in its renewal application of the amount it had expended on Canadian programs.
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Accordingly, the Commission will issue a revised version of the annual return to be filed by the licensee. The licensee will be required to file, as part of its annual return, annual audited financial statements for CHUM Limited for each fiscal year that terminates during the term of licence. The licensee will also be required to provide unaudited financial statements for the MuchMusic specialty service undertaking for each twelve-month period ending 31 August, on which the licensee's auditor has performed a review in accordance with section 8200 of the Canadian Institute of Chartered Accountants (CICA) handbook.
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Interventions
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In its assessment of MuchMusic's renewal application, the Commission has given consideration to the views expressed by the twenty-one interveners who endorsed its plans for the new licence term, including the Canadian Satellite Communications Corporation, TVOntario, the Canadian Association of Broadcasters, a number of individual cable licensees and members of the public, who commented on the positive contribution of this service to enhanced viewer choice.
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A number of interveners addressed the move of this specialty service to basic cable, including the Government of Ontario, the Ontario Cable Television Association, the CCTA and several major cable operators. They provided a range of views on recent industry trends in the packaging and marketing of narrowcast services and the importance of taking into account consumer demand. In addition, The Satellite Communications Association of Canada and Multi-Unit Cable Corporation commented on MuchMusic's lack of precise plans for serving the DTH/SMATV market and the pricing of the service when distributed in this way. The Public Notice of today's date that introduces this and other specialty network renewal decisions addresses these issues in general terms.
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The Commission thanks all of the interveners for their contribution to the public process.
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Fernand Bélisle
Secretary General
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CHUM LIMITED (MUCHMUSIC)
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Conditions of Licence
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Nature of the Service
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1. The licensee shall provide a national English-language network service with programming that consists only of a music video service featuring Canadian and international videoclips, music or entertainment-related news or commentaries, video-jockey talk or interviews, music concerts, music specials, music quiz shows and music feature films.
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The licensee shall not distribute more than 2 hours of feature films per 8-hour block of programming with a maximum of 6 hours per broadcast week. The ratio of music to spoken word in such feature films must be at least 60:40, in accordance with the following:
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(a) where synchronized spoken word occurs within a film, the duration of such dialogue will be counted as spoken word for the purposes of the 60:40 music to spoken word test;
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(b) where synchronized spoken word occurs within a film, accompanied or enhanced by background music, the duration of such dialogue will be counted as spoken word for purposes of the 60:40 test;
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(c) where music occurs in a film, and is not used as background music for synchronized spoken word, the duration of such music will be counted as music for purposes of the 60:40 test;
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(d) where music occurs within a film and small amounts of non-synchronized dialogue are present within such music, the duration of such music will be counted as music for purposes of the 60:40 test.
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Exhibition of Canadian Music Videos
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2. The licensee shall devote to the distribution of Canadian music videos and Canadian programs not less than
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(a) 60% of the broadcast week and
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(b) 50% of the time from 6:00 p.m. to midnight (Eastern time) during each broadcast week.
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3. Not less than 30% of the total number of music videos distributed by the licensee during each broadcast week shall be Canadian music videos.
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4. The licensee shall schedule its Canadian music videos evenly throughout each broadcast week and in a reasonable manner throughout each broadcast day.
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5. Not less than 5% of the total number of music videos distributed by the licensee during each broadcast week shall be French-language music videos.
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Expenditures on Canadian Music Videos
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6. (a) From 1 April 1989 to 31 August 1989, the licensee shall allocate to VideoFact for the development and production of Canadian music videos the greater of
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(i) $125,000 or
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(ii) 5% of its gross revenues for that period from residential, bulk, SMATV and DTH subscribers and from advertising material.
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(b) In each broadcast year from 1 September 1989 to 31 August 1993, the licensee shall allocate to VideoFact for the development and production of Canadian music videos the greater of
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(i) $300,000 or
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(ii) 5% of its gross revenues for that period from residential, bulk, SMATV and DTH subscribers and from advertising material.
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Advertising
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7. The licensee shall distribute not more than 12 minutes of advertising material per clock hour and shall not distribute any commercial messages other than national commercial messages.
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Wholesale Rates
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8. The licensee shall charge each cable television licensee that distributes MuchMusic as part of its basic service the wholesale rate set out below:
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1 April 1989-31 August 1989/1er avril 1989-31 août 1989 $0.07
1 September 1989-31 August 1991/1er septembre 1989-31 août 1991 $0.08
1 September 1991-31 August 1993/1er septembre 1991-31 août 1993 $0.09
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Sex Role Stereotyping
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9. The licensee shall adhere to the CAB's self-regulatory guidelines on sex-role stereotyping, as amended from time to time and approved by the Commission.
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Definitions
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10. In these conditions:
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"broadcast year" means the period from 1 April 1989 to 31 August 1989 and each twelve-month period thereafter beginning on 1 September.
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"advertising material", "broadcast day", "Canadian program", "clock hour" and "commercial message" have the meanings set out in section 2 of the Television Broadcasting Regulations, 1987, SOR/87-49, as amended.
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"broadcast week" has the meaning set out in section 2 of the Radio Regulations, 1986 SOR/86-982, as amended.
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"Canadian music video" has the meaning set out in the appendix to Public Notice CRTC 1984-94 entitled "Recognition for Canadian Programs".
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